The role of M1/M2 macrophage polarization in the pathogenesis of obesity-related kidney disease and related pathologies

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Obesity is a rapidly growing health problem worldwide, affecting both adults and children increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension cardiovascular disease (CVD). In addition, obesity closely linked to kidney (CKD) by either exacerbating diabetic complications or directly causing damage. Obesity-related CKD characterized proteinuria, lipid accumulation, fibrosis glomerulosclerosis, which can gradually impair function. Among immune cells innate adaptive response involved in pathogenesis obesity-related diseases, macrophages play crucial role inflammation associated with CKD. obese individuals, enter pro-inflammatory state known M1 polarization, contributes inflammation. This polarization promotes tissue damage, fibrosis, leading progressive loss macrophage-induced oxidative stress key feature it also cell damage Macrophages contribute insulin resistance diabetes releasing inflammatory molecules that glucose metabolism, complicating management patients. Hypertension atherosclerosis, are often obesity, progression via pathways. influence blood pressure regulation vascular inflammation, particularly renin-angiotensin system. accumulate arterial plaques, plaque instability, may increase CVD review focuses on involvement highlights their critical link between other pathologies. Targeting macrophage ensuing could be an effective therapeutic strategy for related improve outcomes patients disease.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the potential association between serum selenium and hypertension in obese adult males in the United States

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Previous studies on the correlation between serum selenium and hypertension have yielded inconsistent results. Our previous analysis of participants from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2018 indicated that elevated concentrations were associated with an increased risk metabolic abnormalities in obese individuals, primary effect being blood pressure males. The aim this study was to further elucidate relationship In study, we examined 2,585 male a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 aged 20 80 years NHANES database. associations levels evaluated through weighted generalized linear regression analyses. To examine saturation threshold hypertension, additive model (GAM) two-piecewise employed. Furthermore, separately subgroups stratified by BMI age. prevalence (51.84%) slightly higher than nonhypertension (48.16%) included study. After rigorous adjustment for sociodemographic, physical, laboratory test covariates, odds ratio (OR) 103% every 1 standard deviation (SD) increase (approximately 24.41 µg) concentration assigned highest group (weighted OR = 2.03; 95% CI 1.24–3.32; P 0.013). A calculation subsequently performed determine among medium subgroups. findings exceeding (2.56 µM) demonstrated developing 9.58; 2.74–33.46; 0.000) comparison those below threshold. Subgroup analyses ≤ 35 9.11; 1.43–58.24; 0.030) or less 55 younger 8.37; 1.71–40.94; 0.014). For adult males who require additional supplementation enhancing their overall health well-being, it is strongly recommended be monitored throughout course ensure they remain within relatively safe range 215.75 µg/L).

Language: Английский

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Association between TyG index with obesity indicators and coronary heart disease: a cohort study

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 14, 2025

The potential of utilizing the Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), along with its combination obesity indicators, for predicting risk coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged and elderly population remains uncertain. This research aims to conduct a cohort study assess predictive capacity TyG indicators forecasting 10-year incidence new-onset CHD among Luzhou region. was derived from China Cardiometabolic Disease Cancer Cohort (4C) Study, comprising 8647 ordinary residents meeting specific criteria. subjects were grouped based on quartiles TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-WtHR, TyG-BMI, TyG-WHR, occurrence observed over period. comprised participants, 484 developing CHD, resulting an rate 5.5% overall follow-up population. comparison across different revealed statistically significant difference (P < 0.001), order being 4th quartile > 3rd 2nd 1st quartile. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis results indicated that, after adjusting multiple influencing factors, gradually increased 5 indicators. Specifically, when according TyG-WC quartiles, 0.05) between compared ROC curve demonstrate that (area under 0.608, P 0.001) TyG-WtHR exhibit superior value 0.568, TyG-BMI 0.576, TyG-WHR 0.595, 0.001). 1. varying degrees correlation 2. may serve as factor

Language: Английский

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Steatotic liver disease, MASLD and risk of chronic kidney disease

Diabetes & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 101506 - 101506

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

With the rising tide of fatty liver disease related to metabolic dysfunction worldwide, association this common with chronic kidney (CKD) has become increasingly evident. In 2020, more inclusive term dysfunction-associated (MAFLD) was proposed replace old nonalcoholic (NAFLD). 2023, a modified Delphi process led by three large pan-national associations. There consensus change nomenclature and definition include presence at least one five cardiometabolic risk factors as diagnostic criteria. The name chosen NAFLD steatotic (MASLD). from MAFLD then MASLD resulted in reappraisal epidemiological trends associations developing CKD. observed between MAFLD/MASLD CKD our understanding that can be an epiphenomenon linked underlying support notion individuals are substantially higher incident than those without MASLD. This narrative review provides overview literature on (a) evolution criteria for diagnosing highly prevalent disease, (b) evidence linking CKD, (c) mechanisms which (and strongly MASLD) may increase (d) potential drug treatments benefit both

Language: Английский

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Roles of protein post-translational modifications in glucose and lipid metabolism: mechanisms and perspectives

Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: July 6, 2023

Abstract The metabolism of glucose and lipids is essential for energy production in the body, dysregulation metabolic pathways these molecules implicated various acute chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis (AS), obesity, tumor, sepsis. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) proteins, which involve addition or removal covalent functional groups, play a crucial role regulating protein structure, localization function, activity. Common PTMs include phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, methylation, glycosylation. Emerging evidence indicates that are significant modulating lipid by modifying key enzymes proteins. In this review, we summarize current understanding regulatory mechanisms metabolism, with focus on their involvement disease progression associated aberrant metabolism. Furthermore, discuss future prospects PTMs, highlighting potential gaining deeper insights into related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Cellular senescence in brain aging and cognitive decline

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Cellular senescence is a biological aging hallmark that plays key role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate effectiveness senotherapies for these However, impact on brain and cognitive decline absence neurodegeneration remains uncertain. Moreover, patient populations like cancer survivors, traumatic injury obese individuals, obstructive sleep apnea patients, chronic kidney disease patients can suffer age-related changes prematurely, suggesting they may accelerated brain. Understanding neurocognitive deficits linked conditions crucial, especially considering rapidly evolving field senotherapeutics. Such treatments could help alleviate early significantly reducing morbidity healthcare costs. This review provides translational perspective how cellular decline. We also discuss important caveats surrounding mainstream senolytics senomorphics, present emerging evidence hyperbaric oxygen therapy immune-directed therapies as viable modalities senescent cell burden.

Language: Английский

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Association of NAFLD/NASH, and MAFLD/MASLD with chronic kidney disease: an updated narrative review

Metabolism and Target Organ Damage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: April 7, 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated (MAFLD) steatotic (MASLD) account for substantial financial burden worldwide. These alarming features call enhanced efforts to prevent manage the development progression of CKD. Accumulating evidence supporting a causal role NAFLD/MAFLD/MASLD-in CKD opens new horizons achieve this aim. Recent epidemiological studies meta-analyses exploring association NAFLD/MAFLD/MASLD with characteristics associated odds incident are discussed. The involved pathomechanisms, including common soil hypothesis, genetics, gut dysbiosis, portal hypertension, examined in detail. Finally, lifestyle changes (diet physical exercise), direct manipulation microbiota, drug approaches involving statins, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2, pemafibrate, vonafexor within context prevention management among those NAFLD/MAFLD/MASLD. evolving nomenclature may generate confusion practicing clinicians investigators. However, comparative investigating pros contra different nomenclatures identify most useful definitions strategies identify, prevent, halt onset

Language: Английский

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Neutrophil extracellular traps and long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Post-acute COVID-19 sequelae, commonly known as long COVID, encompasses a range of systemic symptoms experienced by significant number survivors. The underlying pathophysiology COVID has become topic intense research discussion. While chronic inflammation in received considerable attention, the role neutrophils, which are most abundant all immune cells and primary responders to inflammation, been unfortunately overlooked, perhaps due their short lifespan. In this review, we discuss emerging neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) persistent inflammatory response observed patients. We present early evidence linking persistence NETs pulmonary fibrosis, cardiovascular abnormalities, neurological dysfunction COVID. Several uncertainties require investigation future studies. These include mechanisms SARS-CoV-2 brings about sustained activation phenotypes after infection resolution; whether heterogeneity neutrophils seen acute persists into phase; presence autoantibodies can induce protect them from degradation; exert differential, organ-specific effects; specifically NET components contribute pathologies, such fibrosis; senescent drive formation through pro-inflammatory secretome Answering these questions may pave way for development clinically applicable strategies targeting NETs, providing relief health crisis.

Language: Английский

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The effect of insulin resistance in the association between obesity and hypertension incidence among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: data from China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Obesity and insulin resistance are well-known important risk factors for hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) in association between Chinese visceral obesity (CVAI) hypertension among middle-aged older adults.

Language: Английский

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Tissue-specific activation of insulin signaling as a potential target for obesity-related metabolic disorders

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 262, P. 108699 - 108699

Published: Aug. 5, 2024

The incidence of obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide. Obesity-associated insulin resistance has long been established as a significant risk factor for obesity-related disorders such type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. Insulin plays key role in systemic glucose metabolism, with the liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue major acting tissues. receptors downstream signaling-related molecules are expressed various tissues, including vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle monocytes/macrophages. In obesity, decreased action considered driver associated disorders. However, whether positive or negative effect on depends which it acts. While an enhancement signaling liver increases hepatic fat accumulation exacerbates dyslipidemia, protects against dysfunction organs by capacity inhibiting ectopic accumulation. Thus, this "healthy expansion" enhancing sensitivity tissue, but not may be effective therapeutic strategy To effectively address metabolic disorders, mechanisms tissues obese patients must understood drugs that enhance developed. article, we review potential interventions focusing molecular each tissue.

Language: Английский

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