Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Interleukins in Infectious Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 13 - 13

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Interleukins (ILs) are signaling molecules that crucial in regulating immune responses during infectious diseases. Pro-inflammatory ILs contribute to the activation and recruitment of cells, whereas anti-inflammatory help suppress excessive inflammation promote tissue repair. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview role pro-inflammatory diseases, with focus on mechanisms underlying their effects, diagnostic therapeutic potential, emerging trends IL-based therapies.

Language: Английский

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Activation of Mast Cells by Neuropeptides: The Role of Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 4811 - 4811

Published: March 2, 2023

Mast cells (MCs) are tissue that derived from bone marrow stem contribute to allergic reactions, inflammatory diseases, innate and adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, mental disorders. MCs located near the meninges communicate with microglia through production of mediators such as histamine tryptase, but also secretion IL-1, IL-6 TNF, which can create pathological effects in brain. Preformed chemical inflammation tumor necrosis factor (TNF) rapidly released granules MCs, only immune capable storing cytokine although it be produced later mRNA. The role nervous system diseases has been extensively studied reported scientific literature; is great clinical interest. However, many published articles concern studies on animals (mainly rats or mice) not humans. known interact neuropeptides mediate endothelial cell activation, resulting central (CNS) In brain, neurons causing neuronal excitation release cytokines chemokines. This article explores current understanding MC activation by neuropeptide substance P (SP), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), neurotensin, pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting a therapeutic effect anti-inflammatory IL-37 IL-38.

Language: Английский

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Life stage impact on the human skin ecosystem: lipids and the microbial community

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Sebaceous free fatty acids are metabolized by multiple skin microbes into bioactive lipid mediators termed oxylipins. This study investigated correlations between oxylipins and on the superficial of pre-pubescent children (N = 36) adults 100), including pre- 25) post-menopausal females 25). Lipidomics metagenomics revealed that Malassezia restricta positively correlated with oxylipin 9,10-DiHOME adult negatively its precursor, 9,10-EpOME, skin. Co-culturing keratinocytes demonstrated a link pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β IL-6 production. We also observed strong other microbial taxa, highlighting life stage differences in sebum production community composition. Our findings imply complex host-microbe communication system mediated metabolism occurring human skin, warranting further research role health disease paving way towards novel therapeutic targets treatments.

Language: Английский

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Development of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer Patients using Clinical Risk Factors, Patient-Reported Outcomes, and Serum Cytokine Biomarkers

Clinical Breast Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Radiation dermatitis (RD) is a significant side effect of radiotherapy experienced by breast cancer patients. Severe symptoms include desquamation or ulceration irradiated skin, which impacts quality life and increases healthcare costs. Early identification patients at risk for severe RD can facilitate preventive management reduce symptoms. This study evaluated the utility subjective objective factors, such as patient-reported outcomes (PROs) serum cytokines, predicting in The performance machine learning (ML) logistic regression-based models were compared. Data from 147 who underwent was analyzed to develop prognostic models. ML algorithms, including neural networks, random forest, XGBoost, regression, employed predict clinically Grade 2+ RD. Clinical PROs, cytokine biomarkers incorporated into Model using nested cross-validation with separate loops hyperparameter tuning calculating metrics. Feature selection identified 18 predictors smoking, boost, reduced motivation, cytokines interleukin-4, interleukin-17, interleukin-1RA, interferon-gamma, stromal cell-derived factor-1a. Incorporating these predictors, XGBoost model achieved highest an area under curve (AUC) 0.780 (95% CI: 0.701-0.854). not significantly improved over regression model, demonstrated AUC 0.714 0.629-0.798). levels provide complementary information undergoing radiotherapy. comparable AUC>0.70.

Language: Английский

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The Therapeutic Prospects of Targeting IL-1R1 for the Modulation of Neuroinflammation in Central Nervous System Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 1731 - 1731

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

The interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) holds pivotal roles in the immune system, as it is positioned at “epicenter” of inflammatory signaling networks. Increased levels cytokine IL-1 are a recognized feature response central nervous system (CNS) during injury and disease, i.e., neuroinflammation. Despite IL-1/IL-1R1 within CNS having been subject several studies, IL-1R1 cellular milieu still cause controversy. Without much doubt, however, persistent activation pathway intimately linked with pathogenesis plethora disease states, ranging from Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) multiple (MS), all way to schizophrenia prion diseases. Importantly, growing body evidence showing that blocking via pharmacological or genetic means different experimental models said diseases leads reduced neuroinflammation delayed progression. aim this paper review recent progress study biological IL-1R1, well highlight key aspects render promising target for development novel disease-modifying treatments indications.

Language: Английский

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“Input/output cytokines” in epidermal keratinocytes and the involvement in inflammatory skin diseases

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Considering the role of epidermal keratinocytes, they occupy more than 90% epidermis, form a physical barrier, and also function as innate immune barrier. For example, keratinocytes are capable recognizing various cytokines pathogen-associated molecular pattern, producing wide variety inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, antimicrobial peptides. Previous basic studies have shown that response has significant impact on skin diseases. The purpose this review is to provide foundation knowledge which recognized or produced by keratinocytes. Since number biologics for diseases appeared, it necessary fully understand relationship between cytokines. In review, specifically introduced "input cytokines", "output cytokines". Furthermore, we refer existence against those input output target These use results demonstrate how important targeted in real diseases, enhance our understanding

Language: Английский

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Multifaceted roles of IL-38 in inflammation and cancer

Cytokine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 151, P. 155808 - 155808

Published: Jan. 20, 2022

Interleukin (IL)-38 is the least well-understood cytokine of IL-1 family. Since its discovery twenty years ago, numerous studies have linked IL-38 to diverse pathologies, especially in context autoimmune and inflammatory processes, while role cancer has been less explored. Broad anti-inflammatory effects reported for both vitro vivo models, and, together with homology IL-36 receptor antagonists, raised expectations about potential therapeutic utility. Data human mouse experimental systems support a negative regulatory on Th17 axis through T cells myeloid cells. Additional point tolerogenic functions IL-38, acting dendritic cells, as well inhibition pro-inflammatory macrophage activity. further exhibits tissue protective properties epithelial mesenchymal However, published data also reveal variability inconsistent dose-dependencies these effects, context-dependent are difficult interpret due high heterogeneity materials designs used across studies. In addition, it still not clear which receptor(s) is/are fundamental signalling, biological impact N-terminal processing protein remains be clarified. this review, we provide an overview our current knowledge biology, discuss persistent controversies surrounding cytokine, highlight some questions addressed facilitate progress towards better understanding mechanisms action.

Language: Английский

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Adipose-derived stem cell exosomes for treatment of dupilumab-related facial redness in patients with atopic dermatitis

Journal of Dermatological Treatment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: June 5, 2023

Dupilumab facial redness (DFR) is a side effect of dupilumab treatment that has only been recently reported. We previously reported on two patients with DFR who were successfully treated topical formulation containing human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (ASCEs).The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety ASCEs in DFR.We performed 12-week prospective at single center. Twenty adult atopic dermatitis diagnosed enrolled. They application exosome every week for five consecutive weeks.After treatment, both average investigator global assessment score clinical erythema scale scores decreased. 19 (95%) satisfied treatment. Compared baseline, index 4 decreased by 31, 27, 13, 25 units forehead, chin, right left cheek respectively. The analysis stratum corneum samples revealed expression IL-1α thymic stromal lymphopoietin was suppressed after whereas filaggrin vascular endothelial growth factor increased.This suggests can alleviate downregulating local inflammation restoring skin barrier function.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Peptides Against Microbial Biofilms: Efficacy, Challenges, and Future Prospect

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(3)

Published: May 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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IL‐38 orchestrates proliferation and differentiation in human keratinocytes

Experimental Dermatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(11), P. 1699 - 1711

Published: July 14, 2022

Interleukin (IL)-38 is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family with reported anti-inflammatory activity. The highest constitutive IL-38 expression detected in skin, where it mainly produced by differentiating keratinocytes. However, little data are available regarding its biological functions. In this study, we investigated role skin physiology. We demonstrate here that dermal fibroblasts and epithelial cells appendages, such as eccrine sweat glands sebaceous glands, also express IL-38. Next, using two- three-dimensional cell cultures, show endogenous correlates keratinocyte differentiation ectopic overexpression inhibits proliferation enhances differentiation. Accordingly, immunohistochemical analysis revealed downregulation pathologies characterized hyperproliferation, psoriasis basal or squamous carcinoma. Finally, intracellular can shuttle between nucleus cytoplasm modulates activity transcription regulators YAP ID1. Our results indicate act independently from immune system activation suggest may affect epidermis directly decreasing promoting These an important keratinocyte-derived homeostasis epidermal alterations.

Language: Английский

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