Systemic inflammation index, disease severity, and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 21, 2023

Introduction An excessive systemic pro-inflammatory state increases the risk of severe disease and mortality in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is uncertainty regarding whether specific biomarkers inflammation can enhance stratification this group. We conducted a systematic review meta-analysis to investigate an emerging biomarker derived from routine hematological parameters, index (SII), COVID-19 different severity survival status. Methods A literature search was PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, between 1 st December 15 th March 2023. Risk bias certainty evidence were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist Grades Recommendation, Assessment, Development Evaluation, respectively (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023420517). Results In 39 studies, or non-survivor status had significantly higher SII values on admission compared non-severe survivor (standard mean difference (SMD)=0.91, 95% CI 0.75 1.06, p<0.001; moderate evidence). The also associated death 10 studies reporting odds ratios (1.007, 1.001 1.014, p=0.032; very low evidence) six hazard (1.99, 1.01 3.92, p=0.047; Pooled sensitivity, specificity, area under curve for 0.71 (95% 0.67 0.75), 0.64 0.77), 0.77 0.73 0.80), respectively. meta-regression, significant correlations observed SMD albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, D-dimer. Discussion Our has shown that COVID-19. Therefore, inflammatory haematological parameters be helpful early Systematic https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO , identifier CRD42023420517.

Language: Английский

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Regulated Arginine Metabolism in Immunopathogenesis of a Wide Range of Diseases: Is There a Way to Pass between Scylla and Charybdis?

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(4), P. 3525 - 3551

Published: April 18, 2023

More than a century has passed since arginine was discovered, but the metabolism of amino acid never ceases to amaze researchers. Being conditionally essential acid, performs many important homeostatic functions in body; it is involved regulation cardiovascular system and regeneration processes. In recent years, more facts have been accumulating that demonstrate close relationship between metabolic pathways immune responses. This opens new opportunities for development original ways treat diseases associated with suppressed or increased activity system. this review, we analyze literature describing role immunopathogenesis wide range diseases, discuss arginine-dependent processes as possible target therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI), Disease Severity, and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(14), P. 4584 - 4584

Published: July 10, 2023

Combined indices of different haematological cell types appear to be particularly promising for investigating the link between systemic inflammation and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic review meta-analysis assess aggregate index (AISI), an emerging derived from neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, lymphocyte counts, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with severity survival status. searched electronic databases 1st December 10th June 2023 assessed risk bias certainty evidence. In 13 studies, severe disease/death was associated significantly higher AISI values on admission vs. non-severe disease/survival (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.68, 95% CI 0.38 0.97, p < 0.001). The also five studies reporting odds ratios (4.39, 2.12 9.06, ˂ 0.001), but not three hazard (HR 1.000, 0.999 1.002, 0.39). pooled sensitivity, specificity, area under curve were 0.66 (95% 0.58 0.73), 0.78 0.73 0.83), 0.79 0.76 respectively. Our study has shown that can effectively discriminate outcome (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023438025).

Language: Английский

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Viral target and metabolism‐based rationale for combined use of recently authorized small molecule COVID‐19 medicines: Molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, and remdesivir

Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 726 - 738

Published: March 18, 2023

Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic remains a major health concern worldwide, and SARS‐CoV‐2 is continuously evolving. There an urgent need to identify new antiviral drugs develop novel therapeutic strategies. Combined use of newly authorized medicines including molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, remdesivir has been actively pursued. Mechanistically, nirmatrelvir inhibits replication by targeting the viral main protease (M pro ), critical enzyme in processing immediately translated coronavirus polyproteins for replication. Molnupiravir remdesivir, on other hand, inhibit RNA‐dependent RNA‐polymerase (RdRp), which directly responsible genome production subgenomic RNAs. targets RdRp induces severe RNA mutations (genome), commonly referred as error catastrophe. Remdesivir, contrast, causes chain termination arrests synthesis genome. In addition, all three undergo extensive metabolism with strong significance. hydrolytically activated carboxylesterase‐2 (CES2), inactivated cy tochrome P 450‐based oxidation (e.g., CYP3A4), CES1 but covalently CES2. Additionally, are oxidized same CYP enzymes. distinct mechanisms action provide rationale their combined use. On these that determines potential. This review discusses how pathways enzymes involved should be carefully considered during synergy.

Language: Английский

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Integrated Bioinformatics Exploration and Preliminary Clinical Verification for the Identification of Crucial Biomarkers in Severe Cases of COVID-19

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 1561 - 1576

Published: March 1, 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious illness caused by severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The objective of this study to identify reliable and accurate biomarkers for the early stratification severity, crucial aspect that currently lacking impending phases next COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In study, we identified important module hub genes related clinical using differentially expressed (DEGs) screening combing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in dataset GSE213313. We further screened confirmed these another two new independent datasets (GSE172114 GSE157103). order evaluate key genes' stability robustness diagnosing or predicting progression illness, used RT-PCR validation selected blood samples obtained from hospitalized patients. Results: A total 968 52 DEGs were between patients normal people, critical non-critical patients, respectively. Then, WGCNA, 10 modules constructed. Among them, blue positively associated with clinic severity COVID-19. From overlapped section module, 12 intersected common differential obtained. Subsequently, validated as well 9 showed highly correlation severity. Finally, mRNA expression levels tested cases, there was increased MCEMP1, ANXA3, CD177 , SCN9A . particular, MCEMP1 which suggested an unfavorable development frustrating prognosis. Conclusion: Using comprehensive bioinformatical samples, four major candidate genes, are essential diagnosis Keywords: COVID-19, neutrophil

Language: Английский

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Different immunological characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic COVID-19 patients without vaccination in the acute and convalescence stages

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e18451 - e18451

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

The immune status of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in different stages infection remains difficult to determine. In this study, we performed high-throughput single-cell mass cytometry on peripheral blood samples from 10 COVID-19 and four healthy donors analyze their at acute convalescence phases. During the stage, proportion neutrophils increased significantly while natural killer (NK) cells decreased. contrast, during phase, plasma decreased stage onset was lower than normal. proportions B, mast cell subsets with process recovery. Further analysis major types clinical presentations showed that progression, T helper 1 (Th1), IgD + B neutrophil patients, especially symptomatic central memory CD4 (CD4 TCM), mucosa-associated invariant (MAIT) NK significantly, patients. Then TCM MAIT returned normal levels recovery phase. Dynamic assessment displayed imbalance could be corrected Our study provides additional information manifestations stages. These findings may provide new insights into immunotherapy intervention.

Language: Английский

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Age-related immune response disparities between adults and children with severe COVID-19: a case–control study in China

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Background Elucidation of immune response differences is critical for uncovering underlying mechanisms and developing potential intervention measures among adults children with COVID-19. Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed serum biochemical markers cytokine profiles COVID-19 in the First People’s Hospital Chenzhou Hunan, China from 1 December 2022 to 13 February 2023. A case–control study was conducted using propensity score matching (PSM) mitigate possible confounding factors. Results The significant observed included lymphocyte exhaustion, an increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NEU/LYM) ratio, high levels C-reactive protein (CRP), a storm, characterized by Th1 proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, interferon type I (IFN- γ ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF- α ) lung severe adult patients. Additionally, systemic responses were Conclusion Significant between highlight different

Language: Английский

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth inhibition by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from household contacts is not affected by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth inhibition by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from household contacts is not affected by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Coinfection of COVID-19 and malaria: clinical profiles, interactions, and strategies for effective control

Malaria Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 25, 2025

Since SARS-CoV-2 has caused unprecedented changes in the epidemiology of other infectious diseases, investigations on coinfection between and one famous vector-borne malaria, are crucial for disease control, especially malaria-endemic areas. The clinical profiles, possible mechanisms interactions, representative control measures COVID-19 malaria coinfections have recently garnered public attention. overlap epidemiology, infection incubation, symptoms been thoroughly discussed to provide a detailed diagnostic procedure coinfections, thereby guiding appropriate interventions. Immunological genetic evidence shown that previous exposure may protect body from poor prognosis COVID-19. ACE2 downregulation TLR-induced pathways play role this protective effect, as do CD8 + CD4 T-cell activation coinhibitory receptor upregulation, which help maintain balance immune reactions. Finally, multiple were discussed, efforts enriched context These included (1) developing vaccinations; (2) evaluating efficacy anti-malarial drugs treatment; (3) exploring recent advances natural products potentially useful (4) researching implementing bioinsecticides such gene-driven mosquitoes, fungi, bacterial symbionts; (5) improving national electronic surveillance platforms regions. At last, above findings summarized valuable lessons about expedite further with complex presentations.

Language: Английский

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