Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance of Tryptophan Metabolism and signaling in cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Navigating the Neuroimmunomodulation Frontier: Pioneering Approaches and Promising Horizons—A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 9695 - 9695

Published: Sept. 7, 2024

The research in neuroimmunomodulation aims to shed light on the complex relationships that exist between immune and neurological systems how they affect human body. This multidisciplinary field focuses way responses are influenced by brain activity neural function is impacted immunological signaling. provides important insights into a range of medical disorders. Targeting both pathways, neuroimmunomodulatory approaches used clinical pain management address chronic pain. Pharmacological therapies aim modulate neuroimmune interactions reduce inflammation. Furthermore, bioelectronic techniques like vagus nerve stimulation offer non-invasive control these systems, while neuromodulation transcranial magnetic modify neuronal Within context aging, analyzes ways which alterations brought aging contribute cognitive decline neurodegenerative illnesses. Restoring homeostasis through strategies shows promise reducing age-related decline. Research mood disorders dysregulation relates illnesses including anxiety depression. Immune system fluctuations increasingly recognized for their impact function, leading novel treatments target interactions. review emphasizes interdisciplinary cooperation continuous necessary better understand relationship systems.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID as a Disease of Accelerated Biological Aging: An Opportunity to Translate Geroscience Interventions

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 102400 - 102400

Published: June 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics dissection of metabolic dysregulation associated with immune recovery in people living with HIV-1

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in suppressing HIV-1 replication, some people living with (PLWH) fail to achieve an optimal recovery CD4 T cells, and precise metabolic regulation underlying immune remained poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study, mass spectrometry was used for quantitative analysis plasma metabolome lipidome 24 treatment-naïve PLWH (TNs), 33 immunological responders (IRs), 35 non-responders (INRs), 16 healthy controls (HCs). The data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation, LASSO regression analysis. Significant dysregulation observed TNs, IRs INRs compared HCs. metabolomic revealed increased levels 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid, 3-oxododecanoic 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic L-kynurenine, oleoylcarnitine, pseudouridine that positively correlated CD8 cell activation inflammation-related markers, decreased phosphorylcholine, ribothymidine, thymine negatively correlated. Notably, acid consistently associated counts markers PLWH, regardless ART. Pathway uncovered biosynthesis unsaturated fatty acids as major dysregulated pathway IRs, INRs, while primary bile specifically INRs. Lipidomic indicated higher triacylglycerols, free acids, ceramide, monosialodihexosyl gangliosides (GM3) enrichment differential correlation analyses underscore perturbed systemic lipid metabolism treatment response ART, possibly mediated by host-commensal interactions. Ultimately, we identified two panels, one consisting 9 metabolites another 8 lipids, can effectively distinguish from IRs. Metabolic aberrations induced chronic infection persist do not recover Abnormal DHA-containing lipids are closely recovery. These finding provide new intervention targets better PLWH.

Language: Английский

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Exercise-induced adaptations in the kynurenine pathway: implications for health and disease management

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: March 6, 2025

Background Tryptophan (TRP) metabolism through the kynurenine (KYN) pathway is influenced by inflammatory mediators, generating metabolites that regulate immune and responses. Exercise has been proposed as a modulator of this pathway, but its role in health benefits chronic disease management remains unclear. Objective This systematic review examines exercise-induced adaptations KYN their potential implications for management. Additionally, we identify key methodological considerations future research. Methods A structured search PubMed/Medline, Web Science, Scopus was conducted up to October 2024 clinical trials investigating effects exercise training on pathway. Results Of 2,795 articles initially found, 13 involving 592 participants met inclusion criteria. Most studies reported particularly cancer survivors. These appeared be intensity duration. However, several limitations were noted, no included patients with metabolic or cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions Here, show modulates both healthy diseased populations, highlighting prevention further randomized-controlled are needed clarify mechanisms applications, Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42022351481 , PROSPERO (CRD42022351481).

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota metabolites impact immunologic responses to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected men who have sex with men

Infectious Diseases of Poverty, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 18, 2025

Abstract Background The association between gut microbial metabolites and immunologic non-response among people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) has not been well established. We aimed to characterize HIV-infected men who have sex (MSM) different responses. Methods recruited MSM from Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital HIV-uninfected (healthy controls, HC) a local community-based organization in June October 2021. were grouped into good immunological responders (GIR) (CD4 + T cell count ≥ 350 cells/μl) poor (PIR) < after 24 months of ART treatment. Online questionnaires stool samples collected. Microbial obtained through ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system. Differential identified analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by pairwise comparisons Wilcoxon rank-sum test. least absolute selection shrinkage operator was used select potential biomarkers. Results A total 51 HC, 56 GIR, 42 PIR included. No statistically significant differences observed median time since diagnosis duration GIR PIR. Among 174 quantified metabolites, 81 significantly differed ( P 0.05). differential indole-3-propionic acid decreased HC (11.39 nmol/g) (8.16 (6.50 nmol/g). pathway analysis showed that tryptophan metabolism Four biomarkers (dimethylglycine, cinnamic acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric propionic acid) distinguish identified, corresponding area under curve based on 0.773 (95% CI : 0.675–0.871). Conclusions This study These results indicate as novel disease progression markers therapeutic targets. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Frailty in people with HIV: a geriatric syndrome approach to aging with HIV

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 4, 2025

Purpose of review Older persons with HIV (OPWH) are at risk earlier onset age-related comorbidities and common geriatric syndromes, notably frailty. The purpose this is to provide an update on recent developments related frailty in OPWH, particularly as they relate co-occurrence other syndromes which have adverse impact health outcomes. Recent findings studies reliably demonstrate that co-occurs due biologic factors. They often equal or greater mortality quality life (QoL) compared comorbidities. Frailty potentially reversible factors for progression regression from a state been identified. Importantly, Aging care centers initiated based proven geriatric-based principles frail OPWH should be referred. role agism stigmatization identified contributors states Summary focus the important especially play determining QoL has led efforts operationalize screening methods develop appropriate management protocols limit delay health.

Language: Английский

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Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 17, 2025

Cumulative evidence indicates that compared to HIV negative individuals, people living with (PLWH) have a higher likelihood of developing depression, anxiety, and cognitive disorders. Depression, which is known be persistent overwhelming feeling sadness accompanied by loss interest in usual activities, one the most common mental illnesses encountered during infection. Experts believe several factors such as neuroinflammation, life stressors, lack sleep, poor nutritional state, opportunistic infections comorbidities, medications are contributing favoring development depression PLWH. However, fundamental mechanisms underlie involvement these emergence context remain poorly explored. Past researches describing role or two preceding do exist; however, very few articles tackle this important topic while considering different putative causative comprehensively particular Herein, we elaborate on currently understood responsible for discuss whereby each factor may result outcome depression. We understanding their underlying essential future therapeutic interventions alleviate burden commonly seen PLWH, therefore facilitate strategies improve overall quality life.

Language: Английский

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Kynurenines as a Novel Target for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(15), P. 1259 - 1259

Published: July 26, 2024

This review discusses the potential of targeting kynurenine pathway (KP) in treatment inflammatory diseases. The KP, responsible for catabolism amino acid tryptophan (TRP), produces metabolites that regulate various physiological processes, including inflammation, cell cycle, and neurotransmission. These metabolites, although necessary to maintain immune balance, may accumulate excessively during leading systemic disorders. Key KP enzymes such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), 2 (IDO2), (TDO), 3-monooxygenase (KMO) have been considered promising therapeutic targets. It was highlighted both inhibition activation these be beneficial, depending on specific disorder. Several conditions, autoimmune diseases, which modulation activity holds promise, described detail. Preclinical studies suggest this an effective strategy diseases options are currently limited. Taken together, highlights importance further research clinical application enzyme development new strategies

Language: Английский

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Bioinformatics and system biology approach to identify potential common pathogenesis for COVID-19 infection and sarcopenia

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 24, 2024

Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Increasing evidence suggests that patients with sarcopenia have higher rates coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection poorer post-infection outcomes. However, the exact mechanism connections between two unknown. In this study, we used high-throughput data from GEO database for (GSE111016) COVID-19 (GSE171110) to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We conducted GO KEGG pathway analyses, as well PPI network analysis on these DEGs. Using seven algorithms Cytoscape plug-in cytoHubba, identified 15 hub genes. Further analyses included enrichment, interaction, TF-gene miRNA-gene regulatory networks, gene-disease associations, drug prediction. Additionally, evaluated immune cell infiltration CIBERSORT assessed diagnostic accuracy using ROC curves. total, 66 DEGs (34 up-regulated 32 down-regulated) associated COVID-19. revealed functions pathways diseases. TF-genes TF-miRNA suggest FOXOC1 hsa-mir-155-5p may be key regulators, while showed strong correlations in schizophrenia bipolar disorder. Immune correlation degree level different subpopulations datasets. The curves ALDH1L2 KLF5 demonstrated their potential markers both This study share pathogenic pathways, offer new targets strategies early diagnosis, effective treatment, tailored therapies

Language: Английский

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