A review on probiotics and dietary bioactives: Insights on metabolic well-being, gut microbiota, and inflammatory responses

Food Chemistry Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 100919 - 100919

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Oxidative and Excitatory Neurotoxic Stresses in CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Kynurenine Aminotransferase Knockout Mice: A Novel Model for Despair-Based Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Backgrounds: Memory and emotion are especially vulnerable to psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is linked disruptions in serotonin (5-HT) metabolism. Over 90% of the 5-HT precursor tryptophan (Trp) metabolized via Trp-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic pathway, generates a variety bioactive molecules. Dysregulation KYN metabolism, particularly low levels kynurenic acid (KYNA), appears be neuropsychiatric disorders. The majority KYNA produced by aadat (kat2) gene-encoded mitochondrial kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) isotype 2. Little known about consequences deleting enzyme gene. Methods: In CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout (kat2-/-) mice, we examined effects on emotion, memory, motor function, Trp its metabolite levels, activities plasma urine 8-week-old males compared wild-type mice. Results: Transgenic mice showed more depressive-like behaviors forced swim test, but not tail suspension, anxiety, or memory tests. They also had fewer center field corner entries, shorter walking distances, jumping counts open test. Plasma generally consistent with those urine: antioxidant KYNs, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, indole-3-acetic were lower; KATs, kynureninase, monoamine oxidase/aldehyde dehydrogenase lower, 3-monooxygenase was higher; oxidative excitotoxicity indices higher. displayed depression-like behavior learned helplessness model, emotional indifference, deficits, coupled decrease KYNA, shift metabolism toward KYN-3-hydroxykynurenine partial gut microbial Trp-indole pathway metabolite. Conclusions: This first evidence that gene induces uniquely experiences despair, appear associated excitatory neurotoxic stresses. may lead development double-hit preclinical model despair-based depression, better understanding these complex conditions, effective therapeutic strategies elucidating relationship between PTSD pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Host–microbe serotonin metabolism

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

As a result of long evolutionary history, serotonin plays variety physiological roles, including neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and endocrine functions. While many these activities can be accommodated within the serotoninergic activity, recent findings have revealed an unsuspected role in orchestrating host microbial dialogue at tryptophan dining table, to benefit local systemic homeostasis. Herein we review dual host-microbe interface discuss how unraveling interconnections among pathways degradation may help accommodate versatility physiology pathology.

Language: Английский

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Coptisine alleviates colitis through modulating gut microbiota and inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 335, P. 118680 - 118680

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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The interplay between gut bacteria and targeted therapies: implications for future cancer treatments

Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Intestinal short-chain fatty acids spatially regulate the antibiotic tolerance and virulence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(4), P. 104917 - 104917

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 10, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm organ systems and lead acute or complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy drugs insulin; however, some patients still find satisfactory curative effect difficult achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis the pathogenesis types DM, paving way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting gut microbiota manage DM. Fecal transplantation (FMT), method re-establishing intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities treating diabetes. This article provides comprehensive review microbiota, as well current advancements in FMT using an illustrative example. study aims offer perspectives establish theoretical foundation clinical diagnosis management

Language: Английский

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Early fecal microbiota transplantation from high abdominal fat chickens affects recipient cecal microbiome and metabolism

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Abdominal fat deposition (AFD) in chickens is closely related to the gut microecological balance. In this study, microbiota from high-AFD was transplanted into same strain of 0-day-old chicks via fecal transplantation (FMT). The FTM with high AFD had no obvious effects on growth traits, adult body weight, carcass abdominal and percentage, but did reduce coefficient variation traits. FMT significantly decreased cecal microbiome richness, changed structure, regulated biological functions associated energy metabolism synthesis. Additionally, metabolite composition metabolic function recipient were also altered those controls. Transplantation chicken promoted fatty acid elongation biosynthesis reduced vitamins, steroids, carbohydrates cecum. These findings provide insights mechanisms by which affect host profiles deposition.

Language: Английский

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Re-evaluation of dietary interventions in rheumatoid arthritis: can we improve patient conversations around food choices?

Rheumatology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(8), P. 1409 - 1419

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of over 100 different types autoimmune conditions. In RA, the cells immune system attack tissue lining joints, triggering inflammation. A large body research suggests that underlying trigger(s) RA are unique to an individual. For example, increased risk can be driven by smoking tobacco in individual and mercury exposure another. Due development next-generation sequencing technology, critical role microbiota shaping has been elucidated. Therefore, it surprising diet, arguably most important lever gut microbiota, ineffective treatment even a sub-set patients. To attempt rationalise this apparent paradox, we conducted umbrella review address question as whether diet affect outcomes RA.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites regulated by Wuji Wan to attenuate colitis through AhR signaling activation

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 205 - 223

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier caused by gut dysbiosis and metabolic imbalance is underlying pathology inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Traditional Chinese medicine Wuji Wan (WJW) commonly used to treat digestive system disorders showed therapeutic potential for IBD. In this interdisciplinary study, we aim investigate pharmacological effects WJW against experimental colitis combining functional metabolomics gut-microbiota sequencing techniques. Treatment with altered profile microbiota notably increased abundance Lactobacillus, thereby facilitating conversion tryptophan into indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) indoleacrylic (IA). These indole derivatives activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway, which reduced colonic inflammation restored expression proteins. Interestingly, beneficial on function improvement metabolism were disappeared in absence microbiota. Finally, pre-treatment AhR antagonist CH-223191 confirmed essential role IAA-mediated activation WJW. Overall, enhanced a murine model modulating Lactobacillus-IAA-AhR signaling pathway. This study provides novel insights pathogenesis presents an effective preventive approach

Language: Английский

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