Protein and lipid nutrition in crabs

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 1499 - 1519

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Understanding the nutrition of crabs has a key role in ensuring success and sustainability their culture, as providing well‐balanced, cost‐effective sustainable diet that ensures survival, growth health is crucial. The present review first to focus primarily on current state knowledge nutrient requirements related nutritional aspects farmed crab species. most common studied are Chinese mitten ( Eriocheir sinensis Milne‐Edwards, 1853), giant mud Scylla serrata Forsskal, 1775), green paramamosain Estampador, 1949) swimming Portunus trituberculatus Miers, 1876). article reviews how levels dietary protein lipid, two important expensive macronutrient ingredients for marine animals, directly affect reproduction, performance survival crabs, impacts they have immune response antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, essential amino acids, fatty especially long‐chain polyunsaturated well lipid classes such cholesterol phospholipid will be discussed terms requirements. Nutrient digestibility crucial method determine quality, studies this topic were covered. replacement fishmeal fish oil, predominant traditionally used aquafeeds with more alternatives formulations also discussed. Modern ‘omics’ high‐throughput technologies fast‐growing approaches research Crabs generally require approximately 35%–50% protein, 5%–10% ~2.5% arginine, lysine, 1.5%–2.5% phenylalanine, 2.2% leucine, 0.7% tryptophan, taurine, 1%–2% each eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid arachidonic 1% ~2% diets.

Language: Английский

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Hemolymph exosomes inhibit Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection by promoting Tetraspanin‐mediated hemocyte phagocytosis in crab

The FASEB Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(2)

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Abstract Exosomes released from infected cells are thought to play an important role in the dissemination of pathogens, as well host‐derived immune molecules during infection. As intracellular pathogen, Spiroplasma eriocheiris is harmful multiple crustaceans. However, mechanism exosomes infection has not been investigated. Here, we found derived S. ‐infected crabs could facilitate phagocytosis and apoptosis hemocytes, resulting increased crab survival suppression replication. Proteomic analysis revealed altered abundance Es Tetraspanin may confer resistance , possibly by mediating hemocyte Eriocheir sinensis . Specifically, knockdown E. susceptibility displayed compromised phagocytic ability, whereas overexpression Drosophila S2 inhibited Further, it was confirmed that intramuscular injection recombinant LEL domain reduced mortality crabs. Blockade with anti‐ serum exacerbate invasion hemocytes impair activity. Taken together, our findings prove for first time modulate resist pathogenic invertebrates, which proposed be mediated exosomal Tetraspanin, supporting development preventative strategies against

Language: Английский

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Infection of Norway lobster ( Nephrops norvegicus ) by the parasite Hematodinium sp.: insights from 30 years of field observations

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus , is an important representative of the benthos and also supports valuable fisheries across Europe. are susceptible to infection by Hematodinium sp., endoparasitic dinoflagellate that causes morbidity mortality. From epizootiological perspective, Clyde Sea Area (CSA; west Scotland) best-studied – pathosystem, with historical data available between 1988 2008. We have revisited this pathosystem curating updating prevalence values, differentiating host traits associated disease exposure progression, comparing sp. dynamics in CSA other locations decapod hosts ( Cancer pagurus Carcinus maenas ). Prevalence from a 2018/2019 survey (involving 1739 lobsters) revealed still mounts synchronized patent CSA; hence pathogen can be considered as enzootic location. highlight for first time size high severity infection, while females more exposed More generally, regardless (Norway brown shore crabs) or geographical area (Ireland, Wales, Scotland), infections peak spring/summer reach their nadir during autumn. contend must one most pathogens crustaceans temperate waters.

Language: Английский

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Characteristics and pathogenicity of Vibrio alginolyticus SWS causing high mortality in mud crab (Scylla serrata) aquaculture in Hong Kong

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: July 23, 2024

Introduction Vibrio alginolyticus is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the family of Vibrionaceae , common pathogen in aquaculture animals, However, studies on its impact Scylla serrata (mud crabs) are limited. In this study, we isolated V. SWS from dead mud crab during disease outbreak Hong Kong farm, which caused up 70% mortality summer. Methods Experimental infection and histopathology were used investigate pathogenicity S. validate Koch’s postulates. Comprehensive whole-genome analysis phylogenetic antimicrobial susceptibility testing, biochemical characterization also performed. Results Our findings showed that high (75%) with infected individuals exhibiting inactivity, loss appetite, decolored darkened hepatopancreas, gills, opaque muscle claw. Histopathological revealed tissue damage degeneration claw suggesting direct indirect impacts infection. Conclusions This study provides comprehensive as an emerging aquaculture. underscore importance ongoing surveillance, early detection, development targeted management strategies mitigate economic vibriosis outbreaks

Language: Английский

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The role of pattern recognition receptors in the innate immune system of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154, P. 109946 - 109946

Published: Oct. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Symbionts of Red King Crab from the Sea of Okhotsk: A Review of Russian Studies

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 148 - 148

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

The red king crab, Paralithodes camtscaticus, is a commercially significant crustacean that supports lucrative fisheries in Russia, the USA, and Norway. western Kamchatka shelf, located Sea of Okhotsk, home to one most important populations crab. In this study, we have conducted review symbionts associated with P. camtscaticus waters off Peninsula. A total 42 symbiotic species belonging 14 different phyla were identified association Out these, found be parasitic while remaining 28 either commensal or epibiont nature. taxa highest number included ciliates (11), crustaceans (8), acanthocephalans (4). Our study crabs suffering from shell disease exhibited more diverse fauna higher infestation indices as compared healthy crabs, which free parasites. Dangerous symbionts, such dinoflagellates Hematodinium sp. rhizocephalan barnacles Briarosaccus callosus, had low incidence rates, indicating crab population Okhotsk good condition respect abundance, health, recruitment not being adversely impacted by organisms.

Language: Английский

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A suite of ddPCR assays targeting microbial pathogens for improved management of shellfish aquaculture

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

The shellfish aquaculture industry is one of the fastest-growing sectors global food production, but it currently facing major challenges stemming from microbial pathogens. This study presents an optimized and validated suite droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays using water samples proximal to oyster farms in North Carolina quantify pathogens relevant industry. Two molecular enable quantification pathogens, Vibrio parahaemolyticus Perkinsus marinus, that threaten human health performance, respectively. work also introduces two ddPCR simultaneous at least nine ecologically spp. only sets primers probes targeting glycosyl hydrolase family 18 (GH18) domain chiA gene bacteria. entire was applied single assessments 12 sites, revealing heterogeneity pathogen concentrations across coastal landscape variability abundances within individual estuarine river systems. Additionally, a longitudinal conducted demonstration lease elucidated unique temporal trends for all targets. Notably, when quantified reached their maximum, daily probability mortality increased, suggesting role other pertinent progression would otherwise be missed. highlights utility advancement management by offering insights into spaciotemporal dynamics Climate change drastically altering environment changing abundance geographical distribution marine These species put additional pressure on acting as sources disease animals important well humans upon consumption contaminated food. To address growing concerns, high-resolution monitoring can offer effective critical Validated field, presented here improves current methods, enabling several technology makes possible track they move through reveals changes may inform adjustments farming practices aimed mitigating negative outcomes. this approach assay design unveils potential drivers ecological shifts emerging etiologies more efficiently.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling the pathogenesis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection: Impacts on Antioxidant and Innate immunity gene responses in Scylla paramamosain

Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110318 - 110318

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Animal welfare risks from commercial practices involving cephalopod molluscs and decapod crustaceans

Animal Welfare, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract There is increasing recognition that the welfare needs of cephalopod molluscs and decapod crustaceans are important. Current commercial practices involving these animals include a range potential threats to their welfare, such as conditions farming, capture, transport, slaughter. This article draws from updates our 2021 review for UK Government, recommending relatively simple impactful changes could benefit while highlighting important research gaps should be prioritised facilitate drafting guidelines best-practice.

Language: Английский

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Meta‐analytic assessment of physiological markers for decapod crustacean welfare

Fish and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 134 - 150

Published: Oct. 25, 2023

Abstract Decapod crustacean welfare is not only an ethical consideration for legislative purposes. Under culture and fishery settings, poor environmental conditions operator practices can cause stress, which compromises the immune system increases risk of disease. For finfish, there are established animal (group, individual) indicators. This case crabs, lobsters or shrimp. While environment‐based indicators like temperature, pH oxygen levels easily transferable, no consensus a common measure stress to monitor in decapod crustaceans. To address this shortcoming, we conducted meta‐analysis primary literature test relationships between haemolymph (blood) condition, example, glucose, L ‐lactate, haemocytes ( n = 8), sources physical handling, trawling, emersion transport 12). Despite variations effect sizes 459), generalised linear mixed models repeatedly ranked ‐lactate (followed by urea glucose) as most significant physiological predictor haemolymph, with trawling followed closely impactful stressors. Duration post (stress) exposure, sex (male, female), water temperature moult stage (pre‐, inter‐, post‐moult) were associated significantly prediction using selected biochemical cellular parameters, however, status was undefined ~48% should be interpreted caution. We present evidence that quantitating represents physiologic operational indicator crustaceans, complements existing condition/vigour indices.

Language: Английский

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