Dynamic interactions at the mineral–organic matter interface

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(6), P. 402 - 421

Published: May 11, 2021

Language: Английский

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Rhizosphere size and shape: Temporal dynamics and spatial stationarity

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 343 - 360

Published: May 18, 2019

Language: Английский

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Trophic Regulations of the Soil Microbiome

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 771 - 780

Published: May 25, 2019

Language: Английский

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The physical structure of soil: Determinant and consequence of trophic interactions

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 107876 - 107876

Published: June 7, 2020

Trophic interactions play a vital role in soil functioning and are increasingly considered as important drivers of the microbiome biogeochemical cycles. In last decade, novel tools to decipher structure food webs have provided unprecedent advance describing complex trophic interactions. Yet, major challenge remains understand Evidence suggests that small scale physical may offer unifying framework for understanding nature patterns soils. Here, we review current knowledge how restrictions on organisms' ability sense access resources/prey inherent essentially shape We focus primarily organisms unable deform create pores themselves, such bacteria, fungi, protists, nematodes microarthropods, consider pore geometry, connectivity hydration status main descriptors structure. point appears mostly limit sensing accessibility resources/prey, with negative effects bottom up controls. The mechanisms (i) reduced transport molecules, notably volatiles, through matrix (ii) wide presence refuges leading size segregation consumer/predators sources/prey contrasting size. addition, variations water film is suggested central aspect driving encounter probability between consumers/predator source/prey hence locally decrease or increase top-down Constraints imposed by thought be diversity local community assemblage, favoring variety adaptations feed this dark labyrinth (food specialists/flexible/generalists) limiting competitive exclusion limited consumers. conclude possible future ways an interdisciplinary more quantitative research merging physics web ecology.

Language: Английский

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Rewetting of soil: Revisiting the origin of soil CO2 emissions

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 107819 - 107819

Published: April 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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A holistic perspective on soil architecture is needed as a key to soil functions

European Journal of Soil Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 73(1)

Published: July 27, 2021

Abstract Soil functions, including climate regulation and the cycling of water nutrients, are central importance for a number environmental issues great societal concern. To understand manage these it is crucial to be able quantify structure soils, now increasingly referred as their “architecture,” constraints physical, chemical biological processes in soils. This quantification was traditionally approached from two different angles, one focused on aggregates solid phase, other pore space. The recent development sophisticated, non‐disturbing imaging techniques has led significant progress description soil architecture, terms both space spatial configuration mineral organic materials. We have direct access virtually all aspects architecture. In present article, we review how this affects perception architecture specifically when trying describe functions A key conclusion our analysis that context, imperatively needs explored its natural state, with little disturbance possible. same requirement applies taking place hierarchical network, those contributing emergence heterogeneous organo‐mineral matrix by various mixing processes, such bioturbation, diffusion, microbial metabolism interactions. Artificially isolated fundamentally inappropriate deriving conclusions about functioning an intact soil. fully account argue holistic approach centres mandatory while dismantlement soils into chunks may still carried out study binding components. future, expected along direction, new, advanced technologies become available. Highlights highlight temporal dynamics activity carbon turnover. reconcile controversial concepts relative formed reshaped time. demonstrated porous not assembly aggregates. Biological physical formation

Language: Английский

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Dual nature of soil structure: The unity of aggregates and pores

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 434, P. 116478 - 116478

Published: April 25, 2023

Soil is a hierarchical, self-organizing, and emergent system that supports plant microbial growth, enables carbon sequestration, facilitates water fluxes, provide habitat for microorganisms, all of which depend on soil structure. Recent debates have generally reduced functioning to geometry topology solids pores denied the existence role aggregates hierarchy solids. Here we argue structure has dual nature essentially boils down interlocking in groupings specific complexity dynamics called aggregates. By comparing their architectural, chemical, energetic parameters, conclude much higher information density than pores. Therefore, (as unity pores) perform broader range functions compared alone, especially long-term. A set corresponding each level depends aggregate type (macroaggregates, water-stable aggregates, microaggregates, elementary particles) determined by binding energy, dynamics, lifetime. The introduced here energy-based concept justifies structure, base structuring stabilization processes most general form. We understand implying approach: corresponds bonding strength mineral organic particles forming Aggregate formation bottom-up process because energy microaggregates orders magnitude gluing macroaggregates. duality manifested not only relationship between but also interactions competition biological non-biological disaggregate view pore space as transport pathway living phase roots, solid-pore interface setting physico-chemical transformations, result these phenomena, provides context mechanistic understanding process-based modeling health.

Language: Английский

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Nature's laws of declining soil productivity and Conservation Agriculture

Soil Security, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100127 - 100127

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Soils are critical for agriculture and natural ecosystems need protection, adherence to nature's principles. The objective of this work is understand how nature manages resources describe management the 'living soil' its soil productivity use laws as guidelines management. These provide foundation modern Conservation Agriculture (CA) systems characterised by three principles: continuous no or minimum disturbance, permanent biomass cover, biodiversity in crop rotations and, all which form basis protection against degradation sustaining productivity. Historically, tillage was considered a necessary component agriculture, but it root cause degradation. Tillage-based with bare soils poor cropping diversity violates Reasons primarily short-term convenience farm negative impacts on health function may appear inconsequential. However, their cumulative effects over time result major loss Tillage any intensity destroys biological, physical, chemical, hydrological properties. Mechanical not experienced ecosystems. In CA systems, conditions emulated offering similar productivity, economic environmental benefits both large small landowners globally. 2018/19, practiced more than 205 million hectares across 100 countries. climate change food production require application nature-based solutions Agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Impact of wetting and drying cycles on soil structure dynamics

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 345, P. 63 - 71

Published: March 23, 2019

Language: Английский

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The ecology of heterogeneity: soil bacterial communities and C dynamics

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1798), P. 20190249 - 20190249

Published: March 23, 2020

Heterogeneity is a fundamental property of soil that often overlooked in microbial ecology. Although it generally accepted the heterogeneity underpins emergence and maintenance diversity, profound far-reaching consequences can have on many aspects ecology activity yet to be fully apprehended not been integrated into our understanding functioning. In this contribution we first discuss how environment, consequent uncertainty associated with acquiring resources, may affected metabolism, motility interactions evolved and, ultimately, overall represented ecosystem models, such as heterotrophic decomposition or respiration. We then present an analysis predicted metabolic pathways for bacteria, obtained from MetaCyc pathway/genome database collection (https://metacyc.org/). The suggests while there relationship between phylogenic affiliation catabolic range bacterial taxa, does appear trade-off 16S rRNA gene copy number, taken proxy potential growth rate, strains substrates used. Finally, simple, spatially explicit model used understand decomposers environmental affect organic matter, suggesting might important variability process. This article part theme issue 'Conceptual challenges community ecology'.

Language: Английский

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