Transportation noise pollution and cardiovascular disease

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. 619 - 636

Published: March 31, 2021

Language: Английский

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Exercise, diet and stress as modulators of gut microbiota: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 134, P. 104621 - 104621

Published: Oct. 16, 2019

The last decade has witnessed an exponentially growing interest in gut microbiota and the gut-brain axis health disease. Accumulating evidence from preclinical clinical research indicate that microbiota, their associated microbiomes, may influence pathogenic processes thus onset progression of various diseases, including neurological psychiatric disorders. In fact, dysbiosis (microbiota dysregulation) been with a range neurodegenerative Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's motor neuron disease, as well multiple sclerosis. constitutes dynamic microbial system constantly challenged by many biological variables, environmental factors. Since constitute changeable experience-dependent ecosystem, they provide potential therapeutic targets can be modulated new interventions for dysbiosis-related disorders, diseases. This article reviews modulation its relevance to brain exploring particular implications We will focus on three major factors are known those namely exercise, diet stress. Further exploration modulation, acting via both peripheral (e.g. metabolic dysfunction or 'metabolopathy') central direct effects CNS neurons glia) mechanisms, lead development novel approaches, such enviromimetics, wide

Language: Английский

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The Role of Gut Microbiota in Intestinal Inflammation with Respect to Diet and Extrinsic Stressors

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 271 - 271

Published: Aug. 19, 2019

The gut microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host and regulates several important functions including metabolism, immunity, intestinal barrier function. Intestinal inflammation inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are commonly associated dysbiosis of microbiota. Alterations in changes metabolites as well disruptions evidence between inflammation. Recent studies have found that many factors may alter microbiota, effects diet being commonly-studied. Extrinsic stressors, environmental antibiotic exposure, sleep disturbance, physical activity, psychological stress, also play roles altering composition Herein, we discuss relation to other extrinsic stressors.

Language: Английский

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The impact of the Fungus-Host-Microbiota interplay uponCandida albicansinfections: current knowledge and new perspectives

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 45(3)

Published: Nov. 18, 2020

Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans. It exists as commensal in the oral cavity, gut or genital tract most individuals, constrained by local microbiota, epithelial barriers and immune defences. Their perturbation can lead to outgrowth development mucosal infections such oropharyngeal vulvovaginal candidiasis, patients with compromised immunity are susceptible life-threatening systemic infections. The importance interplay between fungus, host microbiota driving transition from C. commensalism pathogenicity widely appreciated. However, complexity these interactions, significant impact fungal, variability upon disease severity outcome, less well understood. Therefore, we summarise features fungus that promote infection, how genetic variation clinical isolates influences pathogenicity. We discuss antifungal immunity, this differs mucosae, individual person's susceptibility infection. Also, describe factors influence composition gut, vaginal microbiotas, affect colonisation immunity. argue detailed understanding variables, which underlie fungal-host-microbiota will present opportunities for directed therapies benefit vulnerable patients.

Language: Английский

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Gut-on-a-chip: Current progress and future opportunities

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 255, P. 120196 - 120196

Published: June 13, 2020

Language: Английский

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Effects of heat stress on the gut health of poultry

Journal of Animal Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 98(4)

Published: March 23, 2020

Abstract Stress is a biological adaptive response to restore homeostasis, and occurs in every animal production system, due the multitude of stressors present farm. Heat stress one most common environmental challenges poultry worldwide. It has been extensively demonstrated that heat negatively impacts health, welfare, productivity broilers laying hens. However, basic mechanisms associated with reported effects are still not fully understood. The situation complex intricate nature, it includes on intestinal tract. This review offers an objective overview scientific evidence available different facets tract poultry, including its physiology, integrity, immunology, microbiota. Although lot knowledge generated, many gaps persist. development standardized models crucial be able better compare extrapolate results. By understanding how affected birds subjected conditions, more targeted interventions can developed applied.

Language: Английский

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Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 14, 2020

The accumulating knowledge of the host-microbiota interplay gives rise to microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis. MGB axis depicts interkingdom communication between gut microbiota and brain. This process involves endocrine, immune neurotransmitters systems. Dysfunction these systems, along with presence dysbiosis, have been detected among clinically depressed patients. implicates involvement a maladaptive in pathophysiology depression. Depression refers symptoms that characterize major depressive disorder (MDD), mood disease burden rivals heart diseases. use probiotics treat depression has gained attention recent years, as evidenced by increasing numbers animal human studies supported antidepressive efficacy probiotics. Physiological changes observed allow for elucidation mechanisms, which ultimately aim restore proper functioning However, understanding mechanisms does not yet complete endeavor applying MDD. Other challenges remain include heterogeneous nature both composition clinical setting. Nevertheless, offer some advantages over standard pharmaceutical antidepressants, terms residual symptoms, side effects stigma involved. review outlines based on currently available literature discusses therapeutic potentials

Language: Английский

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Nutritional manipulation to combat heat stress in poultry – A comprehensive review

Journal of Thermal Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 98, P. 102915 - 102915

Published: March 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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The microbiota–gut–brain axis: pathways to better brain health. Perspectives on what we know, what we need to investigate and how to put knowledge into practice

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(2)

Published: Jan. 19, 2022

Abstract The gut and brain link via various metabolic signalling pathways, each with the potential to influence mental, cognitive health. Over past decade, involvement of microbiota in gut–brain communication has become focus increased scientific interest, establishing microbiota–gut–brain axis as a field research. There is growing number association studies exploring microbiota’s possible role memory, learning, anxiety, stress, neurodevelopmental neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, attention now turning how can target nutritional therapeutic strategies for improved health well-being. However, while such that function are currently under development varying levels success, still very little yet known about triggers mechanisms underlying apparent on or most evidence comes from pre-clinical rather than well controlled clinical trials/investigations. Filling knowledge gaps requires standardised methodology human studies, including strong guidance specific areas axis, need more extensive biological sample analyses, identification relevant biomarkers. Other urgent requirements new advanced models vitro vivo mechanisms, greater omics technologies supporting bioinformatics resources (training, tools) efficiently translate study findings, targets populations. key building validated base rely increasing sharing multi-disciplinary collaborations, along continued public–private funding support. This will allow research move its next phase so we identify realistic opportunities modulate better

Language: Английский

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Gene–environment interactions and their impact on human health

Genes and Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 1 - 11

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Abstract The molecular processes underlying human health and disease are highly complex. Often, genetic environmental factors contribute to a given or phenotype in non-additive manner, yielding gene–environment (G × E) interaction. In this work, we broadly review current knowledge on the impact of interactions health. We first explain independent variation environment. next detail well-established G E that involving toxicants, pollution, viruses, sex chromosome composition. conclude with possibilities challenges for studying interactions.

Language: Английский

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