Administration of Akkermansia muciniphila Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) develop as a result of complex interactions among genes, innate immunity and environmental factors, which are related to the gut microbiota. Multiple clinical animal data have shown that Akkermansia muciniphila is associated with healthy mucosa. However, its precise role in colitis currently unknown. Our study aimed determine protective effects underlying mechanisms dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model. Twenty-four C57BL/6 male mice were administered A. MucT or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) once daily by oral gavage for 14 days. Colitis was induced drinking 2% DSS from days 0 6, followed 2 normal water. Mice weighed then sacrificed on day 8. We found improved DSS-induced colitis, evidenced reduced weight loss, colon length shortening histopathology scores enhanced barrier function. Serum tissue levels inflammatory cytokines chemokines (TNF-α, IL1α, IL6, IL12A, MIP-1A, G-CSF, KC) decreased administration. Analysis 16S rDNA sequences showed significant microbiota alterations. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated pro-inflammatory other injury factors negatively Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansia, Ruminococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, prominently abundant muciniphila-treated mice. confirmed treatment could ameliorate mucosal inflammation either via microbe-host interactions, protect function reduce cytokines, improving microbial community. findings suggest may be potential probiotic agent ameliorating colitis.

Language: Английский

---

Gut-Liver Axis, Gut Microbiota, and Its Modulation in the Management of Liver Diseases: A Review of the Literature

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 395 - 395

Published: Jan. 17, 2019

The rapid scientific interest in gut microbiota (GM) has coincided with a global increase the prevalence of infectious and non-infectivous liver diseases. GM, which is also called "the new virtual metabolic organ", makes axis number extraintestinal organs, such as kidneys, brain, cardiovascular, bone system. gut-liver attracted greater attention recent years. GM communication bi-directional involves endocrine immunological mechanisms. In this way, gut-dysbiosis composition "ancient" could be linked to pathogenesis numerous chronic diseases hepatitis B (CHB), C (CHC), alcoholic disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty (NAFLD), steatohepatitis (NASH), development cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). paper, we discuss current evidence supporting role management different potential therapeutic targets, like fecal transplantation, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics. We conclude that population-level shifts play regulatory and, consequently, etiopathogenesis This have positive impact on future strategies.

Language: Английский

---

Interaction of the microbiota with the human body in health and diseases

Bioscience of Microbiota Food and Health, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 39(2), P. 23 - 32

Published: Dec. 24, 2019

The human body contains many microorganisms, including a large number of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, which are referred to as the microbiota. Compared with cells comprising body, that microbiota has been found be much larger. microbiome is defined microorganisms their genomes have shown contain about 100 times more genes than genome. affects vital functions in body. It contributes regulation immune system, digestion food, production vitamins such B12 K, metabolization xenobiotic materials, other tasks. Many factors affect biodiversity, diet, medicines antibiotics, relationships environment, pregnancy, age. Studies lack diversity leads diseases like autoimmune diabetes type I, rheumatism, muscular dystrophy, problems blood coagulation due vitamin disturbances transfer nerve B12, addition its involvement conditions cancer, memory disorders, depression, stress, autism, Alzheimer’s disease. aim this review summarize latest studies discussing relationship between health diseases.

Language: Английский

---

Beneficial Effects of Dietary Polyphenols on Gut Microbiota and Strategies to Improve Delivery Efficiency

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2216 - 2216

Published: Sept. 13, 2019

The human intestine contains an intricate ecological community of dwelling bacteria, referred as gut microbiota (GM), which plays a pivotal role in host homeostasis. Multiple factors could interfere with this delicate balance, including genetics, age, antibiotics, well environmental factors, particularly diet, thus causing disruption equilibrium (dysbiosis). Growing evidences support the involvement GM dysbiosis gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal cardiometabolic diseases, namely obesity diabetes. This review firstly overviews health disease, then critically reviews regarding influence dietary polyphenols based on preclinical clinical data, ending strategies under development to improve efficiency delivery. Although precise mechanisms deserve further clarification, data suggest that present prebiotic properties exert antimicrobial activities against pathogenic GM, having benefits distinct disorders. Specifically, have been shown ability modulate composition function, interfering bacterial quorum sensing, membrane permeability, sensitizing bacteria xenobiotics. In addition, can impact metabolism immunity anti-inflammatory properties. order overcome low bioavailability, several different approaches developed, aiming solubility transport throughout GI tract deliver targeted intestinal regions. more research is still needed, translational studies, biotechnological progresses achieved during last years open up good perspectives to, near future, be able use modulating broad range disorders characterized by dysbiotic phenotype.

Language: Английский

---

Gut mucosal virome alterations in ulcerative colitis

Gut, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 68(7), P. 1169 - 1179

Published: March 6, 2019

The pathogenesis of UC relates to gut microbiota dysbiosis. We postulate that alterations in the viral community populating intestinal mucosa play an important role pathogenesis. This study aims characterise mucosal virome and their functions health UC.Deep metagenomics sequencing virus-like particle preparations bacterial 16S rRNA were performed on rectal 167 subjects from three different geographical regions China (UC=91; healthy controls=76). Virome bacteriome assessed correlated with patient metadata. applied partition around medoids clustering algorithm classified communities into two clusters, referred as metacommunities 1 2.In UC, there was expansion viruses, particularly Caudovirales bacteriophages, a decrease diversity, richness evenness compared controls. Altered inflammation. Interindividual dissimilarity between viromes higher than Escherichia phage Enterobacteria more abundant Compared metacommunity 1, 2 predominated by displayed significant loss various species. Patients showed substantial abrogation diverse functions, whereas multiple bacteriophages associated host bacteria fitness pathogenicity, markedly enriched mucosa. Intensive transkingdom correlations viruses significantly depleted UC.We demonstrated for first time is characterised virobiota functional distortion. Enrichment increased phage/bacteria virulence viral-bacterial highlight may

Language: Английский

---

Gut Microbiota in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis: A Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 2982 - 2982

Published: Sept. 29, 2020

Gut microbiota and its metabolites such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) impact cardiovascular health. In this review, we discuss how gut can affect hypertension atherosclerosis. Hypertensive patients were shown to have lower alpha diversity, abundance of SCFA-producing microbiota, higher gram-negative bacteria, which are a source LPS. Animal studies point towards direct role for SCFAs in blood pressure regulation show that LPS has pro-inflammatory effects. Translocation into the systemic circulation is consequence increased permeability. Atherosclerosis, multifactorial disease, influenced by through multiple pathways. Many focused on pro-atherogenic TMAO, however, it not clear if causal factor. addition, play key bile acid metabolism some interventions targeting receptors tend decrease Concluding, atherosclerosis many pathways, providing wide range potential therapeutic targets. Challenges ahead include translation findings mechanisms humans development target risk modulation microbes metabolites.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Intestinal Inflammation with Respect to Diet and Extrinsic Stressors

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 271 - 271

Published: Aug. 19, 2019

The gut microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host and regulates several important functions including metabolism, immunity, intestinal barrier function. Intestinal inflammation inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are commonly associated dysbiosis of microbiota. Alterations in changes metabolites as well disruptions evidence between inflammation. Recent studies have found that many factors may alter microbiota, effects diet being commonly-studied. Extrinsic stressors, environmental antibiotic exposure, sleep disturbance, physical activity, psychological stress, also play roles altering composition Herein, we discuss relation to other extrinsic stressors.

Language: Английский

---

Bioactive lipids, inflammation and chronic diseases

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 133 - 169

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Curcumin, Quercetin, Catechins and Metabolic Diseases: The Role of Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 206 - 206

Published: Jan. 12, 2021

Polyphenols (PPs) are the naturally occurring bioactive components in fruits and vegetables, they most abundant antioxidant human diet. Studies suggesting that ingestion of PPs might be helpful to ameliorate metabolic syndromes may contribute prevention several chronic disorders like diabetes, obesity, hypertension, colon cancer. have structural diversity which impacts their bioavailability as accumulate large intestine extensively metabolized through gut microbiota (GM). Intestinal transforms into metabolites make them bioactive. Interestingly, not only GM act on metabolize but also modulate composition GM. Thus, change from pathogenic beneficial ones health associated diseases. However, overcome low PPs, various approaches been developed improve solubility transportation gut. In this review, we present evidence supporting changes occur after reactions (curcumin, quercetin, catechins) effect leads improving overall helping disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(30), P. 4053 - 4060

Published: Aug. 9, 2022

The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts humans, living in symbiosis with host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between beneficial and opportunistic microbiota, associated several gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); inflammatory disease (IBD), represented ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease; colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysbiosis can disrupt mucosal barrier, resulting perpetuation inflammation carcinogenesis. increase some specific groups harmful bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been chronic tissue release pro-inflammatory carcinogenic mediators, increasing chance developing CRC, following inflammation-dysplasia-cancer sequence IBD patients. Therefore, aim present review was to analyze correlation changes development maintenance IBD, IBD-associated CRC. Patients CRC have shown reduced bacterial diversity abundance compared healthy individuals, enrichment Firmicute sand Bacteroidetes. Specific bacteria are also onset progression Fusobacterium nucleatum, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, ETBF. Future research evaluate advantages modulating preventive measures high-risk patients, directly affecting prognosis quality life

Language: Английский

---