SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and boosts proinflammatory activity

Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 916 - 932

Published: Nov. 25, 2020

Abstract There is a link between high lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in the blood and metabolic syndrome, syndrome predisposes patients to severe COVID-19. Here, we define an interaction SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein LPS, leading aggravated inflammation vitro vivo. Native gel electrophoresis demonstrated that S binds LPS. Microscale thermophoresis yielded KD of ∼47 nM for interaction. Computational modeling all-atom molecular dynamics simulations further substantiated experimental results, identifying main LPS-binding site protein. protein, when combined with low boosted nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation monocytic THP-1 cells cytokine responses human peripheral mononuclear cells, respectively. The inflammatory response was validated by employing NF-κB reporter mice vivo bioimaging. Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, LPS-FITC analyses modulated aggregation state providing explanation observed boosting effect. Taken together, our results provide interesting excessive during infection comorbidities involving increased bacterial endotoxins.

Language: Английский

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When Rhythms Meet the Blues: Circadian Interactions with the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(3), P. 448 - 471

Published: March 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Microbiota changes induced by microencapsulated sodium butyrate in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Neurogastroenterology & Motility, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(10)

Published: May 31, 2020

Abstract Background Butyrate has shown anti‐inflammatory and regenerative properties, providing symptomatic relief when orally supplemented in patients suffering from various colonic diseases. We investigated the effect of a colonic‐delivery formulation butyrate on fecal microbiota with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Methods In this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, pilot study, 49 IBD (n = 19 Crohn's disease, CD n 30 ulcerative colitis, UC) were randomized to oral administration microencapsulated‐sodium‐butyrate (BLM) or placebo for 2 months, addition conventional therapy. Eighteen healthy volunteers (HVs) recruited provide model local people. Fecal stool samples was assessed by 16S sequencing. Clinical disease activity quality life (QoL) evaluated before after treatment. Key Results At baseline, HVs showed different composition compared patients. Sodium‐butyrate altered gut increasing bacteria able produce SCFA UC ( Lachnospiraceae spp.) butyrogenic Butyricicoccus ). patients, QoL positively affected Conclusions Inferences supplementation increases growth potentially action. The clinical impact finding requires further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Involvement of Probiotics and Postbiotics in the Immune System Modulation

Biologics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(2), P. 89 - 110

Published: July 6, 2021

Intestinal microbiota interacts with other systems, especially the immune system, which is responsible for protecting body by recognizing “stranger” (pathogen associated molecular patterns-PAMPs) and “danger” (damage-associated patterns-DAMPs) motifs. In this manner, it plays an important role in pathogenesis of various diseases health. Despite use probiotics that modulate intestinal providing health benefits treatment diseases, there are some possible concerns about possibility developing adverse effects, people suppressed systems. Since provide bioactive compounds, studies carried out on products containing non-living probiotic microorganisms (paraprobiotics) and/or their metabolites (postbiotics) instead products. It even reported these microbial compounds have more immunomodulatory activities than living via mechanism eliminates disadvantages probiotics. Considering increasing functional foods disease, further needed respect to advantages parabiotic postbiotic food pharmaceutical industry as well system modulation. Although been extensive studied a long time, seems postbiotics promising tools future research applications according recent literature. This review aimed evaluate interaction systems also area food-pharmaceutical

Language: Английский

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Systematic Review: The Gut Microbiome and Its Potential Clinical Application in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 977 - 977

Published: April 30, 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing–remitting systemic of the gastrointestinal tract. It well established that gut microbiome has profound impact on IBD pathogenesis. Our aim was to systematically review literature and its usefulness provide microbiome-based biomarkers. A systematic search online bibliographic database PubMed from inception August 2020 with screening in accordance Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines conducted. One-hundred forty-four papers were eligible inclusion. There wide heterogeneity analysis methods or experimental design. The intestinal generally characterized by reduced species richness diversity, lower temporal stability, while changes seemed play pivotal role determining onset IBD. Multiple studies have identified certain microbial taxa are enriched depleted IBD, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea. two main features this sense decrease beneficial bacteria increase pathogenic bacteria. Significant differences also present between remission relapse status. Shifts community composition abundance proven be valuable as diagnostic plays major yet need go casualty causality. Longitudinal designs newly diagnosed treatment-naïve patients needed insights into microbes inflammation. better understanding human could innovative targets diagnosis, prognosis, treatment even cure relevant disease.

Language: Английский

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