Short chain fatty acids and its producing organisms: An overlooked therapy for IBD?

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 103293 - 103293

Published: April 1, 2021

The gut microbiome and the intestinal immune system are driving contributors to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Both have an important signalling factor in common: short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs (acetate, propionate butyrate) produced by bacterial fermentation exert several effects on host metabolism system. This review provides overview of current knowledge these effects, with specific focus energy metabolism, barrier, system, disease activity IBD. To conclude, more research is needed cross-feeding mechanisms microbiome, as well therapeutic potential different models. Also randomized controlled trials prospective cohort studies should investigate clinical impact SCFA administration.

Language: Английский

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Short-Chain Fatty-Acid-Producing Bacteria: Key Components of the Human Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2211 - 2211

Published: May 6, 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role in health and disease, as they regulate gut homeostasis their deficiency is involved the pathogenesis of several disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, cardiometabolic disorders. SCFAs are metabolites specific bacterial taxa human microbiota, production influenced by foods or food supplements, mainly prebiotics, direct fostering these taxa. This Review provides an overview SCFAs’ roles functions, SCFA-producing bacteria, from microbiological characteristics taxonomy to biochemical process that lead release SCFAs. Moreover, we will describe potential therapeutic approaches boost levels treat different related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(8), P. 577 - 595

Published: April 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Regulatory role of short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: May 11, 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of chronic inflammatory disorders the gastrointestinal tract. Accumulating evidence shows that development IBD is always accompanied by dysbiosis gut microbiota (GM), causing decrease in prebiotic levels and an increase harmful metabolite levels. This leads to persistent immune response inflammation intestine, greatly impairing physiological function Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced probiotic bacteria from fiber-rich diet cannot be digested directly. SCFAs with significant anti-inflammatory functions regulate prevent excessive response, thereby delaying clinical progression IBD. In this review, we summarize generation their potential therapeutic effects on Furthermore, suggest may modulate innate recognition cytokine production intervene Additional randomized controlled trials prospective cohort studies should also investigate impact SCFA. Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

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Butyrate’s role in human health and the current progress towards its clinical application to treat gastrointestinal disease

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(2), P. 61 - 75

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Butyrate is a key energy source for colonocytes and produced by the gut microbiota through fermentation of dietary fiber. histone deacetylase inhibitor also signals three G-protein coupled receptors. It clear that butyrate has an important role in gastrointestinal health levels can impact both host microbial functions are intimately with each other. Maintaining optimal improves animal models supporting colonocyte function, decreasing inflammation, maintaining barrier, promoting healthy microbiome. shown protective actions context intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, graft-versus-host disease tract, colon cancer, whereas lower and/or microbes which responsible producing this metabolite associated poorer outcomes. However, clinical efforts to increase humans reverse these negative outcomes have generated mixed results. This article discusses our current understanding molecular mechanisms action focus on system, links between factors, currently underway apply knowledge gained from bench bedside.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

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Treatment of peanut allergy and colitis in mice via the intestinal release of butyrate from polymeric micelles

Nature Biomedical Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 38 - 55

Published: Dec. 22, 2022

The microbiome modulates host immunity and aids the maintenance of tolerance in gut, where microbial food-derived antigens are abundant. Yet modern dietary factors excessive use antibiotics have contributed to rising incidence food allergies, inflammatory bowel disease other non-communicable chronic diseases associated with depletion beneficial taxa, including butyrate-producing Clostridia. Here we show that intragastrically delivered neutral negatively charged polymeric micelles releasing butyrate different regions intestinal tract restore barrier-protective responses mouse models colitis peanut allergy. Treatment butyrate-releasing increased abundance taxa Clostridium cluster XIVa, protected mice from an anaphylactic reaction a challenge reduced severity T-cell-transfer model colitis. By restoring mucosal homoeostasis, may function as antigen-agnostic approach for treatment allergic diseases.

Language: Английский

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Mulberry Anthocyanins Ameliorate DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Modulating Gut Microbiota

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 1674 - 1674

Published: Aug. 27, 2022

Mulberry has attracted wide attention due to its substantial nutritional values. This work first studied the protective effect of mulberry anthocyanins (MAS) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The mice experiment was designed as four groups including normal (Control), (DSS)-fed mice, and DSS plus 100 mg/kg·bw MAS-fed (LMAS-DSS) or 200 (HMAS-DSS). Mice were given MAS by gavage for 1 week, then added drinking water 7 days. administered a total 17 results showed that oral reduced disease activity index (DAI), prevented colon shortening, attenuated tissue damage inflammatory response, suppressed colonic oxidative stress restored protein expression intestinal tight junction (TJ) (ZO-1, occludin claudin-3) in with DSS-induced In addition, analysis 16S rRNA amplicon sequences microbiota dysbiosis, reduction Escherichia-Shigella, an increase Akkermansia, Muribaculaceae Allobaculum. Collectively, alleviates colitis maintaining barrier, modulating cytokines, improving microbial community.

Language: Английский

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Butyrate, a postbiotic of intestinal bacteria, affects pancreatic cancer and gemcitabine response in in vitro and in vivo models

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 151, P. 113163 - 113163

Published: May 24, 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer. The characteristic excessive stromatogenesis accompanying the growth of this tumor believed to contribute chemoresistance which, together with drug toxicity, results in poor clinical outcome. An increasing number studies are showing that gut microbiota and their metabolites implicated cancer pathogenesis, progression response therapies. In study we tested butyrate, a product dietary fibers' bacterial fermentation, whose anticancer anti-inflammatory functions known. We provided vitro evidence that, beside slowing proliferation, butyrate enhanced gemcitabine effectiveness against two human pancreatic cell lines, mainly inducing apoptosis. addition, observed when administered PDAC mouse model, alone or combined treatment, markedly reduced cancer-associated stromatogenesis, preserved intestinal mucosa integrity affected fecal composition by short chain fatty acids producing bacteria decreasing some pro-inflammatory microorganisms. Furthermore, biochemical serum analysis showed ameliorate markers kidney liver damage, whereas metabolomics approach revealed deep modification lipid metabolism, which may affect therapy. Such support supplementation, addition conventional therapies, can interfere biology treatment alleviate damages associated itself chemotherapy.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbial Metabolite Butyrate and Its Therapeutic Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Literature Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2275 - 2275

Published: May 11, 2023

Background and objective: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s ulcerative colitis, is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by aberrant immune responses compromised barrier function in the gastrointestinal tract. IBD associated with altered gut microbiota their metabolites colon. Butyrate, microbial metabolite, plays crucial role regulating function, epithelial intestinal homeostasis. In this review, we aim to present an overview of butyrate synthesis metabolism mechanism action maintaining homeostasis discuss therapeutic implications IBD. Methods: We searched literature up March 2023 through PubMed, Web Science, other sources using search terms such as butyrate, inflammation, IBD, disease, colitis. Clinical studies patients preclinical rodent models were included summary butyrate. Results: Research last two decades has shown beneficial effects on function. Most clinical have positive effect oral supplements reducing inflammation remission colitis animal patients. However, enema showed mixed effects. Butyrogenic diets, germinated barley foodstuff oat bran, are found increase fecal concentrations reduce activity index both Conclusions: The current suggests that potential add-on therapy maintain remission. Further needed determine if administration alone effective treatment for

Language: Английский

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