Effect of a blend of essential oils, organic acids, tannins, vitamin E and zinc on the intestinal health of broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp., Salmonella Minnesota, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens DOI Creative Commons
Leila S. Tolomeotti, Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de Góes, Gabriela Hernandes Granzoto

et al.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of (i) diets supplemented with a blend organic acids, cinnamon essential oil, oregano eugenol, thymol, curcumin, tannins, vitamin E, and zinc microencapsulated in vegetable fat (ii) challenge by Eimeria spp., Salmonella Minnesota, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens. Also, diet × interaction on animal performance (1-21 22-42 days age), weights organs primal cuts, ileal morphometry 42-day-old broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted according 2 factorial design (supplemented unsupplemented challenged unchallenged broilers). Each treatment consisted eight replications birds per replicate. At 14 age, chickens group (n=128) received orally 1mL suspension containing sporulated oocysts spp. (E. acervulina, E. praecox, maxima, mitis, tenella, necatrix), other experimental saline solution orally. 18 C. perfringens, S. From 1 21 microbial reduced body weight, feed intake, weight gain increased conversion. In same period, had lower 22 42 conversion, breast thigh + drumstick heart weight. Supplemented higher Unchallenged fed showed bursa proventriculus villus height, crypt depth. liver Microbial challenges coli impaired productive starter phase. They decreased yield cuts broilers, partially explaining recurring economic problems observed poultry sector. Overall, studied able improve conversion phase, enhance digestive absorption processes, increase cuts. However, no were birds. findings suggest that are influenced conditions, composition, inclusion level may or not result beneficial outcomes.

Language: Английский

Effects of Eimeria maxima infection doses on growth performance and gut health in dual-infection model of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens DOI Creative Commons
Doyun Goo, Janghan Choi, Hanseo Ko

et al.

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects different doses Eimeria maxima (EM) oocysts on growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens challenged with a dual infection model necrotic enteritis (NE) using EM NetB+Clostridium perfringens (CP). A total 432 fourteen-d-old male Cobb 500 were divided into 6 groups replicates each. six as follows: Control, non-challenged; T0+, CP at 1 × 109 colony forming unit; T5K+, T0+ + 5,000 oocysts; T10K+, 10,000 T20K+; 20,000 T40K+; 40,000 oocysts. challenge orally inoculated strain 41A d 14, followed by NetB+CP Del-1 4 days post inoculation (dpi). Increasing decreased 21 body weight, weight gain, feed intake (linear quadratic, p < 0.001), efficiency (linear, 0.001) from 0 7 dpi. increased jejunal NE lesion score permeability 5, 6, dpi 0.05). On dpi, increasing counts 0.05) fecal oocyst output 0.001). Furthermore, villus height crypt depth ratios goblet cell downregulated expression MUC2, B0AT, B0,+AT, PepT1, GLUT2, AvBD3 9, LEAP2, TLR4, while upregulating CLDN1, CATHL3, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNFSF15, TNF-α, IL-10, Gam56 82 Additionally, Pielou's evenness Shannon's entropy 0.01). In conclusion, significantly aggravated severity exerted negative impact 5

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Innovative prevention and control of coccidiosis: targeting sporogony for new control agent development DOI Creative Commons
Dan Zhao, Jingxia Suo, Liang Lin

et al.

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(12), P. 104246 - 104246

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Coccidiosis is one of the most significant diseases affecting poultry industry, with recent estimates indicating that it causes annual losses exceeding £10 billion globally. Increasing concerns over drug residues and resistance have elevated importance safe effective vaccines as primary method for controlling coccidiosis other animal diseases. However, current commercial live can negatively impact feed conversion rates young broilers induce subclinical symptoms coccidiosis, limiting their widespread adoption. Eimeria species, causative agents exhibit unique biological characteristics. Their life cycle involves 2 or more generations schizogony 1 generation gametogony within host, followed by sporogony in a suitable external environment. Sporogony crucial oocysts to become infectious propagate host. Focusing on process presents promising approach overcoming technical challenges efficient control addressing urgent need sustainable healthy farming practices. This paper systematically reviews existing strategies identifies challenges, emphasizes research progress future directions developing targeting sporogony. The goal provide guidance formulation scientific prevention measures coccidiosis.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Evaluating the protective effects of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 21 ligand, CpG ODN, against necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens DOI Creative Commons
Mohammadali Alizadeh, Samson Oladokun, Charlotte Fletcher

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e0319404 - e0319404

Published: March 13, 2025

Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by Clostridium perfringens ( C. ), presents a challenge to the global broiler industry. Evidence suggests that Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands can enhance immune responses in chickens and protect them against infectious diseases. This study investigated protective effects of TLR21 ligand class B CpG oligonucleotides (ODN) NE chickens. On day 21 age, were injected with 50 or 100 μg intramuscularly, one group was followed booster dose on 22. Subsequently, birds orally challenged twice daily for three days, starting 22, intestinal samples collected gene expression analysis. 25, all euthanized, lesions scored, tissue from intestine analysis, lymphocyte subset determination, histomorphological Cecal contents also microbiome The results demonstrated pre-treatment, either at single two doses per bird, reduced lesion scores compared positive control. infection increased crypt depth both jejunum ileum control CpG-treated group. At 22 days administration bird enhanced TLR21, interleukin (IL)-2, CXCL8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA transcripts ileum. Additionally, 25 pretreated showed cytokines groups. percentage lymphocytes not affected pre-treatment. However, pretreatment resulted higher abundance members families Lactobacillaceae Bacteroidaceae , which are crucial maintaining gut health. In conclusion, our findings suggest intramuscular may be effective health during infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Valine and isoleucine deficiency in necrotic enteritis challenge impact growth performance, intestinal health, and muscle growth in broilers DOI Creative Commons
Doyun Goo, Hanseo Ko, Janghan Choi

et al.

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105143 - 105143

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Natural intraepithelial lymphocyte populations rise during necrotic enteritis in chickens DOI Creative Commons

Shuja Majeed,

Shaimaa K. Hamad, B Shah

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) reside in the epithelium at interface between contents of intestinal lumen and sterile environment lamina propria. Because this strategic location, IEL play a crucial role various immunological processes, ranging from pathogen control to tissue stability. In mice humans, exhibit high diversity, categorized into induced (conventional CD4 CD8αβ T cells) natural (TCRαβCD8αα, TCRγδ, TCR neg IEL). chickens, however, subpopulations their functions enteric diseases remain unclear. Thus, we conducted study investigate populations during necrotic enteritis (NE) chickens. At 14 days age, sixty-three Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) birds were randomly assigned three treatments: Control (sham challenge), Eimeria maxima challenge (EM), + Clostridium Perfringens ( C. ) co-challenge (EM/CP). The EM EM/CP infected with day additionally orally inoculated perfringens 18 19 age. Birds weighed 18, 20, 26 age assess body weight gain (BWG). 20 (1 day-post infection; dpi), (7 7 per treatment euthanized, jejunum was harvested for gross lesion scores, isolation, gene expression. exhibited subclinical NE disease, lower BWG shorter colon length. Most changes observed 1 dpi. group showed substantial increases total number subsets, including TCRαβ - CD8 , CD8αα TCRγδ innate CD8α (iCD8α) cells by least two-fold. However, dpi, only maintained increase group. had significantly higher expression proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β IFN-γ) Osteopontin (OPN) These findings suggest that innate-like might critical host response NE, potentially conferring protection against infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Temporal Changes in Jejunal and Ileal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens with Clinical Coccidiosis (Eimeria maxima) DOI Creative Commons
Katarzyna B. Miska, Philip M. Campos, Sara E. Cloft

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(20), P. 2976 - 2976

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Coccidiosis in broiler chickens continues to be a major disease of the gastrointestinal tract, causing economic losses poultry industry worldwide. The goal this study was generate symptomatic Eimeria maxima (1000 oocysts) infection determine its effect on luminal and mucosal microbiota populations (L M) jejunum ileum (J IL). Samples were taken from day 0 14 post-infection, sequencing 16S rRNA performed using Illumina technology. Infected birds had significantly (p < 0.0001) lower body weight gain (BWG), higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) = 0.0015), increased crypt depth, decreased villus height 0.05). significant differences alpha beta diversity observed primarily at (D7). Analysis taxonomy indicated that J-L M dominated by Lactobacillus, IL-M, changeover Candidatus Arthromitus Lactobacillus as taxon observed, which occurred quicky infected animals. LEfSe analysis found J-M chickens, more abundant (IF) chickens. These findings show E. affects small intestine time-dependent manner, with different effects populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Phytogenics in Ginger, Origanum vulgare, and Syzygium aromaticum and Their Potential as a Feed Additive against Clostridium perfringens in Broiler Production DOI Creative Commons

Gilmour Valdez,

Lie‐Fen Shyur, Sheng‐Yang Wang

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(23), P. 3643 - 3643

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

Necrotic enteritis is a devastating disease in chickens mainly caused by Clostridium perfringens—particularly, Net-B toxin-producing strains. In order to combat necrotic broiler production, natural growth promoters, as well anti-inflammatory and non-antibiotic remedies, were developed for anti-microbial resistance due its status global pandemic. Herein, phytogenic ginger, wild marjoram, cloves reviewed potential alternatives antibiotics their functions. These phytogenics contain active ingredients that efficiently modulate the immune response improve intestinal morphology overall performance, even under stress infection conditions. Most of beneficial effects can be attributed functions, primarily inhibition NF-κB MAPK pathways. Phytogenics represent substitutes antibiotic further serving remedies treatment birds with infections.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Alpha toxin production potential and antibiotic resistance patterns of clostridium perfringens isolates from meat samples DOI Creative Commons
Tehreem Ali, Arslan Sarwar, Aftab Ahmad Anjum

et al.

Animal Bioscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(11), P. 1970 - 1978

Published: June 25, 2024

This research aimed to analyze the prevalence, molecular characteristics, toxinotyping, alpha toxin production potential, and antibiotic resistance pattern of Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) isolates in meat samples collected from various sources.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Effect of a blend of essential oils, organic acids, tannins, vitamin E and zinc on the intestinal health of broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp., Salmonella Minnesota, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens DOI Creative Commons
Leila S. Tolomeotti, Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de Góes, Gabriela Hernandes Granzoto

et al.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of (i) diets supplemented with a blend organic acids, cinnamon essential oil, oregano eugenol, thymol, curcumin, tannins, vitamin E, and zinc microencapsulated in vegetable fat (ii) challenge by Eimeria spp., Salmonella Minnesota, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens. Also, diet × interaction on animal performance (1-21 22-42 days age), weights organs primal cuts, ileal morphometry 42-day-old broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted according 2 factorial design (supplemented unsupplemented challenged unchallenged broilers). Each treatment consisted eight replications birds per replicate. At 14 age, chickens group (n=128) received orally 1mL suspension containing sporulated oocysts spp. (E. acervulina, E. praecox, maxima, mitis, tenella, necatrix), other experimental saline solution orally. 18 C. perfringens, S. From 1 21 microbial reduced body weight, feed intake, weight gain increased conversion. In same period, had lower 22 42 conversion, breast thigh + drumstick heart weight. Supplemented higher Unchallenged fed showed bursa proventriculus villus height, crypt depth. liver Microbial challenges coli impaired productive starter phase. They decreased yield cuts broilers, partially explaining recurring economic problems observed poultry sector. Overall, studied able improve conversion phase, enhance digestive absorption processes, increase cuts. However, no were birds. findings suggest that are influenced conditions, composition, inclusion level may or not result beneficial outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0