Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Sept. 21, 2024
Language: Английский
Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Sept. 10, 2024
Abstract Mature myelinating oligodendrocytes, the cells that produce myelin sheath insulates axons in central nervous system, have distinct energetic and metabolic requirements compared to neurons. Neurons require substantial energy execute action potentials, while needs of oligodendrocytes are directed toward building lipid‐rich components supporting neuronal metabolism by transferring glycolytic products as additional fuel. The utilization metabolites brain parenchyma is tightly regulated meet different cell types. Disruption supply can lead stress oligodendrocyte injury, contributing various neurological disorders, including some demyelinating diseases. Understanding physiological properties, structures, mechanisms involved metabolism, well relationship between neighboring cells, crucial investigate underlying pathophysiology caused impairment these disorders. In this review, we describe particular properties response stress. We delineate other context neurovascular unit, regulation metabolite according needs. focus on specific bioenergetic address disruption encourage further studies increase understanding significance support development novel therapeutic approaches for treatment image
Language: Английский
Citations
5
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(20), P. 10900 - 10900
Published: Oct. 10, 2024
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. The heterogeneous nature ALS at the clinical, genetic, pathological levels makes it challenging to develop diagnostic prognostic tools that fit all phenotypes. Limitations associated with functional scales qualitative mainstay electrophysiological testing prompt investigation more objective quantitative assessment. Biofluid biomarkers have potential fill gap providing evidence process potentially early in disease, its progression, response therapy. In contrast other diseases, no biomarker has yet been validated clinical use for ALS. Several fluid investigated studies reflect different pathophysiological processes, from protein aggregation muscle denervation. This review takes pathophysiologic approach summarizing findings utilizing biofluid ALS, discusses utility shortcomings each biomarker, highlights superiority neurofilaments as neurodegeneration over candidate biomarkers.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Abstract Glial cells are crucial for nervous system development and function, by clearing debris, protecting neurons, ensuring neuronal survival. In Drosophila, glia also form the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which regulates neural stem cell proliferation shields while maintaining organism-wide communication. To uncover glial-specific roles, we compared their transcriptome with that of neurons macrophages. Our study identifies NimA, an uncharacterized member Nimrod scavenger receptor family, as a protein consistently expressed during development. Unlike other family members, i.e. NimC1 (macrophage-specific), Draper (shared macrophages), NimC4/Simu (restricted to embryonic stages), NimA is not involved in phagocytosis. Instead, it cell-cell interactions adhesion, tight septate junctions larval BBB. Loss compromises BBB integrity, delays development, reduces brain size impairs proliferation. Altogether, identification novel molecular player more general, landscape, key understand contribution construction function system.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Cell Proliferation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
ABSTRACT In spite of great advances in modern medicine, there are a few effective strategies for the treatment neurodegenerative diseases characterised by neuron loss or degeneration. This results from complex pathogenesis and limited drug uptake brain due to presence blood‐brain barrier. Nanoparticle‐based delivery systems expected improve utilisation. Polymeric nanoparticles represent promising carriers their unique advantages such as good biodegradability biocompatibility, flexibility surface modification nontoxicity. addition, genetic drugs may stop progression at level even avoid irreversible damage central nervous system. this review, an overview studies on polymer‐based system typical diseases, especially Alzheimer's Parkinson's is described. Meanwhile, applications gene these disorders discussed. And challenges future perspectives development polymeric concluded.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 6, 2024
Abstract INTRODUCTION Using a single‐nucleus transcriptome derived from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 424 Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory Aging Project (ROS/MAP) participants, we investigated cell type–specific effect ten vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes on Alzheimer's disease (AD) endophenotypes. METHODS Negative binomial mixed models were used for differential gene expression association analysis with AD VEGF‐associated intercellular communication was also profiled. RESULTS Higher microglia FLT1 , FLT4 oligodendrocyte VEGFB are associated greater amyloid beta (Aβ) load, whereas higher in inhibitory neurons is lower Aβ load. astrocyte NRP1 tau density. worse cognition performance. Endothelial microglial upregulated clinical patients compared to cognitively normal controls. Finally, cells showed significant reduction VEGF signaling DISCUSSION Our results highlight key changes receptor during AD, potential protective role neurons. Highlights The cortical cross‐sectional global cognitive function, longitudinal trajectories, more neuropathology. associations between or endophenotypes appear be driven by cells. seems have opposing effects burden depending types, highlighting its
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 2773 - 2773
Published: May 8, 2024
Spinal cord injury is a complicated medical condition both from the clinician's point of view in terms management and patient's perspective unsatisfactory recovery. Depending on severity, this disorder can be devastating despite rapid appropriate use modern imaging techniques convenient surgical spinal decompression stabilization. In context, there mandatory need for novel adjunctive therapeutic approaches to classical treatments improve rehabilitation chances clinical outcomes. This review offers new original therapies targeting microglia, one most relevant immune cells implicated disorders. The first part manuscript reviews anatomical pathophysiological importance blood-spinal barrier components, including role microglia post-acute neuroinflammation. Subsequently, authors present emerging based modulation, such as cytokines modulators, stem cell, microRNA, nanoparticle-based that could positively impact management. Finally, future perspectives challenges are also highlighted ongoing trials related medications microglia.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 255 - 297
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2441 - 2441
Published: Oct. 10, 2023
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a biological that protects the central nervous system (CNS) by ensuring an appropriate microenvironment. Brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) control passage of molecules from blood to brain tissue and regulate their concentration-versus-time profiles guarantee proper neuronal activity, angiogenesis neurogenesis, as well prevent entry immune into brain. However, BBB also restricts penetration drugs, thus presenting challenge in development therapeutics for CNS diseases. On other hand, adenosine, endogenous purine-based nucleoside expressed most body tissues, regulates different functions acting through its G-protein-coupled receptors (A1, A2A, A2B A3). Adenosine (ARs) are considered potential drug targets treating metabolic, inflammatory neurological In CNS, A1 A2A astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, ECs. Moreover, locally and/or may modulate permeability, this effect potentiated when both simultaneously activated. This review showcases vivo vitro evidence supporting AR signaling candidate modifying permeability treatment disorders.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 15, 2024
Abstract The cell-type specific role of the vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) in pathogenesis Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not well characterized. In this study, we utilized a single-nucleus RNA sequencing dataset from Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLFPC) 424 donors Religious Orders Study and Memory Aging Project (ROS/MAP) to investigate effect 10 VEGF genes ( VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFD, PGF, FLT1, FLT4, KDR, NRP1 , NRP2 ) on AD endophenotypes. Mean age death was 89 years, among which 68% were females, 52% has dementia. Negative binomial mixed models used for differential expression analysis association with β-amyloid load, PHF tau tangle density, both cross-sectional longitudinal global cognitive function. Intercellular VEGF-associated signaling profiled using CellChat. We discovered prefrontal cortical FLT1 upregulated brains microglial cells. Higher also associated worse function, trajectories, load. Similarly, higher FLT4 more contrast receptors, VEGFB showed opposing effects load whereby levels oligodendrocytes high amyloid burden, while inhibitory neurons lower burden. Finally, cells significant reduction overall comparing those normal participants. Our results highlight key changes receptor during AD, potential protective neurons.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Journal of Transformative Touch, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)
Published: May 4, 2024
This case study offers a unique insight on the effectiveness of CranioSacral therapy (CST) in 49 year old woman experiencing an acute stage viral infection (Covid-19) causing partial left Oculomotor nerve palsy. A CST glial/Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) specific protocol was utilised over 2 consecutive days. The patient recovered fully after 5 results this particular can open up possibility utilising more widely treating cranial palsies following to support healing process and functional restoration.
Language: Английский
Citations
1