Toxicologic Pathology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
47(8), P. 976 - 992
Published: Oct. 14, 2019
Epidemiological
studies
report
associations
between
air
pollution
(AP)
exposures
and
several
neurodevelopmental
disorders
including
autism,
attention
deficit
disorder,
cognitive
delays.
Our
in
mice
of
postnatal
(human
third
trimester
brain
equivalent)
to
concentrated
ambient
ultrafine
particles
(CAPs)
provide
biological
plausibility
for
these
associations,
producing
numerous
neuropathological
behavioral
features
disorders,
male-biased
vulnerability.
These
findings
raise
questions
about
the
specific
components
AP
that
underlie
its
neurotoxicity,
which
our
suggest
could
involve
trace
elements
as
candidate
neurotoxicants.
X-ray
fluorescence
analyses
CAP
chamber
filters
confirm
contamination
by
multiple
elements,
iron
(Fe)
sulfur
(S).
Correspondingly,
laser
ablation
inductively
coupled
plasma
mass
spectrometry
brains
male
indicates
marked
postexposure
elevations
Fe
S
other
elements.
Elevations
particular
are
consistent
with
potential
ferroptotic,
oxidative
stress,
altered
antioxidant
capacity-based
mechanisms
CAPs-induced
supported
observations
increased
serum
oxidized
glutathione
neuronal
cell
death
nucleus
accumbens
no
corresponding
significant
increase
caspase-3,
following
exposures.
Understanding
role
element
contaminants
particulate
matter
a
source
neurotoxicity
is
critical
public
health
protection.
Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
14, P. 450 - 464
Published: Oct. 19, 2017
Oxidative
stress
is
known
to
play
an
important
role
in
the
pathogenesis
of
a
number
diseases.
In
particular,
it
linked
etiology
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
age-related
neurodegenerative
and
most
common
cause
dementia
elderly.
Histopathological
hallmarks
AD
are
intracellular
neurofibrillary
tangles
extracellular
formation
senile
plaques
composed
amyloid-beta
peptide
(Aβ)
aggregated
form
along
with
metal-ions
such
as
copper,
iron
or
zinc.
Redox
active
metal
ions,
for
example
can
catalyze
production
Reactive
Oxygen
Species
(ROS)
when
bound
amyloid-β
(Aβ).
The
ROS
thus
produced,
particular
hydroxyl
radical
which
reactive
one,
may
contribute
oxidative
damage
on
both
Aβ
itself
surrounding
molecule
(proteins,
lipids,
…).
This
review
highlights
existing
link
between
AD,
consequences
towards
molecules
terms
damage.
addition,
implication
ions
their
interaction
redox
properties
leading
discussed,
vitro
vivo
oxidation
peptide,
at
molecular
level.
Environmental Management,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
65(1), P. 131 - 159
Published: Dec. 12, 2019
Abstract
Decades
of
study
indicate
that
copper
oral
exposures
are
typically
not
a
human
health
concern.
Ingesting
high
levels
soluble
salts
can
cause
acute
gastrointestinal
symptoms
and,
in
uncommon
cases,
liver
toxicity
susceptible
individuals
with
repeated
exposure.
This
focused
toxicological
review
evaluated
the
current
literature
since
last
comprehensive
reviews
(2007–2010).
Our
identified
limitations
existing
United
States
and
international
guidance
for
determining
an
reference
dose
(RfD)
essential
metals
like
copper.
Instead,
alternative
method
using
categorical
regression
analysis
to
develop
optimal
considers
deficiency,
toxicity,
integrates
information
from
animal
studies
was
reviewed
interpreting
RfD
We
also
considered
subchronic
or
chronic
genetic
susceptibility
dysregulation
leading
rare
occurrences
other
organ
elevated
Based
on
this
approach,
0.04
mg
Cu/kg/day
would
be
protective
adults
children.
is
possible
exposure
allows
background
dietary
exposures.
intended
patients
disorders
sensitivity
within
typical
nutritional
intake
ranges,
nor
it
those
excessive
supplement
intake.
Less
mineral
forms
soil
have
reduced
bioavailability
as
compared
more
water
diet,
which
should
risk
assessments
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(23), P. 9259 - 9259
Published: Dec. 4, 2020
Copper
is
one
of
the
most
abundant
basic
transition
metals
in
human
body.
It
takes
part
oxygen
metabolism,
collagen
synthesis,
and
skin
pigmentation,
maintaining
integrity
blood
vessels,
as
well
iron
homeostasis,
antioxidant
defense,
neurotransmitter
synthesis.
may
also
be
involved
cell
signaling
participate
modulation
membrane
receptor-ligand
interactions,
control
kinase
related
phosphatase
functions,
many
cellular
pathways.
Its
role
important
controlling
gene
expression
nucleus.
In
nervous
system
particular,
copper
myelination,
by
modulating
synaptic
activity
excitotoxic
death
cascades
induced
neurotrophic
factors,
for
various
neuronal
functions.
Current
data
suggest
that
both
excess
levels
deficiency
can
harmful,
careful
homeostatic
important.
This
knowledge
opens
up
an
new
area
potential
therapeutic
interventions
based
on
supplementation
or
removal
neurodegenerative
diseases
including
Wilson’s
disease
(WD),
Menkes
(MD),
Alzheimer’s
(AD),
Parkinson’s
(PD),
others.
However,
much
remains
to
discovered,
how
regulate
homeostasis
prevent
neurodegeneration,
when
chelate
copper,
supplement
it.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Jan. 23, 2018
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
neurodegenerative
disorder
that
characterized
by
amyloid
plaques
in
patients'
brain
tissue.
The
are
mainly
made
of
β-amyloid
peptides
and
trace
elements
including
Zn
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(3), P. 1069 - 1069
Published: Feb. 6, 2020
Copper
is
an
essential
microelement
that
plays
important
role
in
a
wide
variety
of
biological
processes.
concentration
has
to
be
finely
regulated,
as
any
imbalance
its
homeostasis
can
induce
abnormalities.
In
particular,
excess
copper
the
etiopathogenesis
genetic
disease
Wilson's
syndrome,
neurological
and
neurodegenerative
pathologies
such
Alzheimer's
Parkinson's
diseases,
idiopathic
pulmonary
fibrosis,
diabetes,
several
forms
cancer.
chelating
agents
are
among
most
promising
tools
keep
at
physiological
levels.
this
review,
we
focus
on
relevant
compounds
experimentally
clinically
evaluated
for
their
ability
counteract
deregulation.
provide
general
overview
main
disorders
characterized
by
pathological
increase
levels,
summarizing
principal
therapies
adopted
clinical
trials.
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
67, P. 126779 - 126779
Published: May 15, 2021
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
prevalent
cause
of
cognitive
impairment
and
dementia
worldwide.
The
pathobiology
has
been
studied
in
form
several
hypotheses,
ranging
from
oxidative
stress,
amyloid-beta
(Aβ)
aggregation,
accumulation
tau
forming
neurofibrillary
tangles
(NFT)
through
metal
dysregulation
homeostasis,
dysfunction
cholinergic
system,
to
inflammatory
autophagic
mechanism.
However,
none
these
hypotheses
led
confirmed
diagnostics
or
approved
cure
for
disease.
This
review
aimed
as
a
basic
an
encyclopedic
short
course
into
metals
AD
discusses
advances
chelation
strategies
developments
adopted
treatment
Since
there
accumulating
evidence
role
both
biometal
dyshomeostasis
(iron
(Fe),
copper
(Cu),
zinc
(Zn))
metal-amyloid
interactions
that
lead
pathogenesis
AD,
this
focuses
on
unraveling
therapeutic
have
considered
disease,
aiming
sequester
free
protein-bound
ions
reducing
cerebral
burden.
Promising
compounds
possessing
chemically
modified
moieties
evolving
multi-target
ligands
used
anti-AD
drug
candidates
are
also
covered.
Several
multidirectional
multifaceted
studies
therapeutics
show
need
improved
synthesis,
screening,
analysis
be
able
effectively
present
chelating
drugs.
Most
limitations
their
physicochemical
properties;
some
enhance
redistribution
ions,
while
others
indirectly
activate
signaling
pathways
AD.
process
vivo
still
needs
established
design
potential
bi-functionally
well
inhibit
Aβ
aggregation
by
competing
with
metal-induced
damage
neurotoxicity
may
signal
bright
end
chelation-based
Chemistry - A European Journal,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
24(32), P. 8029 - 8041
Published: Jan. 16, 2018
Abstract
Peptides
and
proteins
with
N‐terminal
amino
acid
sequences
NH
2
‐Xxx‐His
(XH)
‐Xxx‐Zzz‐His
(XZH)
form
well‐established
high‐affinity
Cu
II
‐complexes.
Key
examples
are
Asp‐Ala‐His
(in
serum
albumin)
Gly‐His‐Lys,
the
wound
healing
factor.
This
opens
a
straightforward
way
to
add
‐binding
site
almost
any
peptide
or
protein,
by
chemical
recombinant
approaches.
Thus,
these
motifs,
in
particular,
have
been
used
equip
peptides
multitude
of
functions
based
on
redox
activity
Cu,
including
nuclease,
protease,
glycosidase,
oxygen
activation
properties,
useful
anticancer
antimicrobial
drugs.
More
recent
research
suggests
novel
biological
functions,
mainly
inertness
XZH,
like
PET
imaging
(with
64
Cu),
chelation
therapies
(for
instance
Alzheimer's
disease
other
types
neurodegeneration),
antioxidant
units,
transporters
strong
binding.
Review
gives
an
overview
properties
Cu‐XH
‐XZH
motifs
discusses
pros
cons
vastly
different
applications,
how
they
could
be
improved
depending
application.