Brain insulin resistance in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

The Lancet Neurology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(9), P. 758 - 766

Published: July 27, 2020

Language: Английский

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Cerebral microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes: stroke, cognitive dysfunction, and depression

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 325 - 336

Published: March 2, 2020

Language: Английский

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Emerging Targets in Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Complications

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(18)

Published: July 28, 2021

Abstract Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic, chronic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and elevated blood glucose levels. Although large drug portfolio exists to keep the levels under control, these medications are not without side effects. More importantly, once diagnosed rarely reversible. Dysfunctions in kidney, retina, cardiovascular system, neurons, liver represent common complications of diabetes, which again lack effective therapies that can reverse organ injury. Overall, molecular mechanisms how type develops leads irreparable damage remain elusive. This review particularly focuses on novel targets may play role pathogenesis diabetes. Further research eventually pave way for treatment—or even prevention—of along with its complications.

Language: Английский

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Engineering mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery: where are we after two decades?

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(13), P. 5365 - 5451

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The present review details a chronological description of the events that took place during development mesoporous materials, their different synthetic routes and use as drug delivery systems. outstanding textural properties these materials quickly inspired translation to nanoscale dimension leading silica nanoparticles (MSNs). aspects introducing pharmaceutical agents into pores nanocarriers, together with possible biodistribution clearance routes, would be described here. smart nanocarriers are able release high local concentration therapeutic cargo on-demand after application certain stimuli reviewed here, ability deliver precise locations in body. huge progress design MSNs for biomedical applications, including potential treatment diseases, last 20 years will collated required work still needs done achieve clinical materials. This was conceived stand out from past reports since it aims tell story systems by some makers, who could considered among pioneers this area.

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean Diet Nutrients to Turn the Tide against Insulin Resistance and Related Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 1066 - 1066

Published: April 12, 2020

Insulin resistance (IR), defined as an attenuated biological response to circulating insulin, is a fundamental defect in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), also linked wide spectrum of pathological conditions, such non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cognitive impairment, endothelial dysfunction, chronic kidney (CKD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), some endocrine tumors, including breast cancer. In obesity, the unbalanced production pro- anti-inflammatory adipocytokines can lead development IR its related metabolic complications, which are potentially reversible through weight-loss programs. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), characterized by high consumption extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), nuts, red wine, vegetables other polyphenol-rich elements, has proved be associated with greater improvement obese individuals, when compared nutritional interventions. Also, recent studies either experimental animal models or humans, have shown encouraging results for insulin-sensitizing supplements derived from MedDiet food sources modulation pathognomonic traits certain IR-related polyunsaturated acids seeds, anthocyanins purple fruits, resveratrol grapes, EVOO-derived, oleacein. Although pharmacological properties clinical uses these functional nutrients still under investigation, molecular mechanism(s) underlying benefits appear compound-specific and, cases, point role gene expression involvement nuclear high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) protein.

Language: Английский

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Solving neurodegeneration: common mechanisms and strategies for new treatments

Molecular Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: March 21, 2022

Across neurodegenerative diseases, common mechanisms may reveal novel therapeutic targets based on neuronal protection, repair, or regeneration, independent of etiology site disease pathology. To address these and discuss emerging treatments, in April, 2021, Glaucoma Research Foundation, BrightFocus the Melza M. Frank Theodore Barr Foundation collaborated to bring together key opinion leaders experts field for a virtual meeting titled "Solving Neurodegeneration". This "think-tank" style focused uncovering mechanistic roots promising new catalyzed by goal finding treatments glaucoma, world's leading cause irreversible blindness interest three hosting foundations. Glaucoma, which causes vision loss through degeneration optic nerve, likely shares early cellular molecular events with other diseases central nervous system. Here we major areas overlap between system: neuroinflammation, bioenergetics metabolism, genetic contributions, neurovascular interactions. We summarize important discussion points emphasis research that are most innovative treatment neurodegeneration yet require further development. The is highlighted provides unique opportunities collaboration will lead efforts preventing ultimately loss.

Language: Английский

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Central nervous pathways of insulin action in the control of metabolism and food intake

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 524 - 534

Published: May 21, 2020

Language: Английский

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Inflammation From Peripheral Organs to the Brain: How Does Systemic Inflammation Cause Neuroinflammation?

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 16, 2022

As inflammation in the brain contributes to several neurological and psychiatric diseases, cause of neuroinflammation is being widely studied. The causes can be roughly divided into following domains: viral infection, autoimmune disease, from peripheral organs, mental stress, metabolic disorders, lifestyle. In particular, effects caused by organs have yet unclear mechanisms. Many such as gastrointestinal inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary rheumatoid arthritis, dermatitis, fatigue syndrome, or myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), trigger through pathways. mechanisms action for inflammation-induced include disruption blood-brain barrier, activation glial cells associated with systemic immune activation, on autonomic nerves via organ-brain axis. this review, we consider previous studies relationship between neuroinflammation, focusing regions susceptible inflammation.

Language: Английский

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The brain as an insulin-sensitive metabolic organ

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 101234 - 101234

Published: April 16, 2021

The brain was once thought of as an insulin-insensitive organ. We now know that the insulin receptor is present throughout and serves important functions in whole-body metabolism function. Brain signaling involved not only homeostatic processes but also neuropathological such cognitive decline Alzheimer's disease.

Language: Английский

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Insulin action in the brain: cell types, circuits, and diseases

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(5), P. 384 - 400

Published: March 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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