Between Dysbiosis, Maternal Immune Activation and Autism: Is There a Common Pathway?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 549 - 549

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuropsychiatric condition characterized by impaired social interactions and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. Growing evidence highlights an important role of the gut–brain–microbiome axis in pathogenesis ASD. Research indicates abnormal composition gut microbiome potential involvement bacterial molecules neuroinflammation brain development disruptions. Concurrently, attention directed towards short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) intestinal tightness. This comprehensive review emphasizes impact maternal microbiota changes on autism children, especially considering immune activation (MIA). The following paper evaluates birth route colonization child with bacteria first weeks life. Furthermore, it explores pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 IL-17a mother’s obesity potentially environmental factors purpose this to advance our understanding ASD pathogenesis, while also searching for positive implications latest therapies, probiotics, prebiotics or fecal transplantation, targeting reducing inflammation. aims provide valuable insights that could instruct future studies treatments individuals affected

Language: Английский

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Dietary intake and gastrointestinal symptoms are altered in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: the relative contribution of autism-linked traits

Nutrition Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Abstract Background Dietary and gastrointestinal (GI) problems have been frequently reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the relative contributions of autism-linked traits to dietary GI children with ASD are poorly understood. This study firstly compared intake symptoms between typically developing (TDC), then quantified intake, within group. Methods A sample 121 age-matched TDC were eligible for this study. The indicators included food groups intakes, variety, diet quality. symptom severity, restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs), sensory profiles, mealtime behaviors, their subtypes. Linear mixed-effects models logistic regression used estimate contributions. Results Children had poorer diets fewer vegetables/fruits, less variety food, a higher degree inadequate/unbalanced more severe constipation/total than TDC. Within group, compulsive behavior (a subtype RRBs) taste/smell sensitivity only associated lower vegetables fruit consumption, respectively. Self-injurious was contributing trait food. Limited problems) severity primary secondary contributors inadequate limited unbalanced Notably, significant independent factor symptoms, manifested no Conclusions most important Our findings highlight that could provide largest benefits if they targeted early detection optimal treatment.

Language: Английский

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A western dietary pattern during pregnancy is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and adolescence

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 142 - 163

Published: Dec. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Epidrugs in the Therapy of Central Nervous System Disorders: A Way to Drive on?

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1464 - 1464

Published: May 24, 2023

The polygenic nature of neurological and psychiatric syndromes the significant impact environmental factors on underlying developmental, homeostatic, neuroplastic mechanisms suggest that an efficient therapy for these disorders should be a complex one. Pharmacological interventions with drugs selectively influencing epigenetic landscape (epidrugs) allow one to hit multiple targets, therefore, assumably addressing wide spectrum genetic central nervous system (CNS) disorders. aim this review is understand what fundamental pathological would optimal target epidrugs in treatment or complications. To date, use histone deacetylases DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (HDACis DNMTis) clinic focused neoplasms (mainly glial origin) based cytostatic cytotoxic actions compounds. Preclinical data show besides activity, deacetylases, methyltransferases, bromodomains, ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins expression neuroimmune inflammation mediators (cytokines pro-apoptotic factors), neurotrophins (brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) nerve growth (NGF)), ion channels, ionotropic receptors, as well pathoproteins (β-amyloid, tau protein, α-synuclein). Based profile activities, may favorable neurodegenerative diseases. For neurodevelopmental disorders, drug addiction, anxiety depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy, contemporary still require further development concerning tuning pharmacological effects, reduction toxicity, protocols. A promising strategy clarify potential targets therapeutic means cure profiling mechanisms, which have evolved upon physiological lifestyle factors, such diet physical exercise, are effective management diseases dementia.

Language: Английский

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Role of Synbiotics in Reproductive Disorders

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

It has been discovered that the reproductive tract contains microbial communities, and this stable microbiome contributes to preservation of health. Probiotics have suggested as a potential technique improve health lower risk illness. proposed significant element affecting couple's health, success their pregnancy, kids is male semen microbiome. reportedly linked improved maternal child fertility, mother-child Although microbiota women fertility system most complex found among upper organs, they all work together support As result hormonal effects on female system, probiotics help maintain system's homeostasis affect children. Additionally, parental sexual probiotic treatment newborn gut colonization immune development via bacterial transmission or other indirect processes, which may negative effects. The influencing advantages synbiotic management involvement studied in vivo vitro variety beneficial outcomes, including regulation composition, control digestion, advancement cellular defense, enhancement immunity had seen. Here, we discuss recent research function wellness also synbiotics for prevention disorders are related it.

Language: Английский

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Neurodevelopment Is Dependent on Maternal Diet: Placenta and Brain Glucose Transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(14), P. 2363 - 2363

Published: July 21, 2024

Glucose is the primary energy source for most mammalian cells and its transport affected by a family of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs) encoded SLC2 gene. GLUT1 GLUT3, highly expressed isoforms in blood–brain barrier neuronal membranes, respectively, are associated with multiple neurodevelopmental disorders including epilepsy, dyslexia, ADHD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Dietary therapies, such as ketogenic diet, widely accepted treatments patients deficiency syndrome, while ameliorating certain symptoms GLUT3 animal models. A high-fat calorie/energy restriction during prenatal postnatal stages can also alter placental brain GLUTs expression long-term consequences on neurobehavior. This review focuses primarily role diet/energy perturbations upon GLUT isoform-mediated emergence neurodegenerative disorders.

Language: Английский

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The role of dopamine and endocannabinoid systems in prefrontal cortex development: Adolescence as a critical period

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

The prefrontal cortex plays a central role in the control of complex cognitive processes including action and decision making. It also shows specific pattern delayed maturation related to unique behavioral changes during adolescence allows development adult processes. adolescent brain is extremely plastic critically vulnerable external insults. Related this vulnerability, associated with emergence numerous neuropsychiatric disorders involving alterations functions. Within microcircuits, dopamine endocannabinoid systems have widespread effects on adolescent-specific ontogenetic In review, we highlight recent advances our understanding system adolescence. We discuss how they interact GABA glutamate neurons modulate circuits can be altered by different environmental events leading long-term neurobiological at adulthood. Finally, aim identify several future research directions help gaps current knowledge these microcircuits.

Language: Английский

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Maternal microbiome disturbance induces deficits in the offspring’s behaviors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 3, 2023

Recent evidence has suggested that changes in maternal gut microbiota early life may generate neurobiological consequences associated with psychiatric-related abnormalities. However, the number of studies on humans investigating this problem is limited, and preclinical findings sometimes conflict. Therefore, we run a meta-analysis to examine whether disturbance (MMD) during neurodevelopment might affect offspring adulthood. We found thirteen studies, from set 459 records selected by strategy registered PROSPERO (#289224), target evaluated behavioral outcomes rodents generated dams submitted perinatal enteric perturbation. The analysis revealed significant effect size (SMD = −0.51, 95% CI −0.79 −0.22, p < .001, T2 0.54, I2 79.85%), indicating MMD provoke impairments adult offspring. also induces for reduction sociability behavior −0.63, −1.18 −0.07, 0.011, 0.30, 76.11%) obsessive-compulsive-like −0.68, −0.01 −1.36, 0.009, 0.25, 62.82%) parameters. was not or inconclusive memory anxiety-like behavior, schizophrenia-like depressive-like behavior. experimental vertically transmitted offspring, negatively impacting parameters related psychiatric disorders.

Language: Английский

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The effect of maternal consumption of high-fat diet on ovarian development in offspring

Animal Reproduction Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 255, P. 107294 - 107294

Published: July 4, 2023

The environment encountered by the fetus during its development exerts a profound influence on physiological function and disease risk in adulthood. Women's intake of high-fat diet pregnancy lactation has gradually become an issue widespread concern. Maternal will not only cause abnormal neurological metabolic syndrome symptoms offspring, but also affect fertility female offspring. affects expression genes related to follicle growth such as AAT, AFP GDF-9, which reduces number follicles impairs development. Additionally, maternal high fat ovarian health inducing oxidative stress cell apoptosis, collectively can impair reproductive potential Reproductive carries significant importance for both humans animals. Therefore, this review aims describe effect exposure offspring discuss possible mechanisms metabolism

Language: Английский

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