Multi-Omics Approaches in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis, Recent Updates and Future Perspectives

Cancers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(22), P. 5545 - 5545

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common Cancer as well the third leading cause of mortality around world; its exact molecular mechanism remains elusive. Although CRC risk significantly correlated with genetic factors, pathophysiology also influenced by external and internal exposures their interactions factors. The field research has recently benefited from significant advances through Omics technologies for screening biomarkers, including genes, transcripts, proteins, metabolites, microbiome, lipidome unbiasedly. A promising application omics could enable new biomarkers to be found diagnosis CRC. Single-omics cannot fully understand mechanisms Therefore, this review article aims summarize multi-omics studies cancer, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, lipidomics that may shed light on discovery novel biomarkers. It can contribute identifying validating better understanding colorectal carcinogenesis. Discovering difficult but valuable disease genotyping phenotyping. That provide a knowledge prognosis, diagnosis, treatments.

Language: Английский

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New Insights into Bile Acids Related Signaling Pathways in the Onset of Colorectal Cancer

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(14), P. 2964 - 2964

Published: July 20, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second among causes of tumor death worldwide, with an estimation 1.9 million new cases in 2020 and more than 900,000 deaths. This rate might increase by 60% over next 10 years. These data are unacceptable considering that CRC could be successfully treated if diagnosed early stages. A high-fat diet promotes hepatic synthesis bile acids (BAs) increasing their delivery to colonic lumen numerous scientific reports correlate BAs, especially secondary incidence. We reviewed physicochemical biological characteristics focusing on major pathways involved risk progression. specifically pointed out role BAs signaling molecules tangled relationships nuclear membrane receptors big bang molecular cellular events trigger occurrence.

Language: Английский

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Role of the gut microbiota in hematologic cancer

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Hematologic neoplasms represent 6.5% of all cancers worldwide. They are characterized by the uncontrolled growth hematopoietic and lymphoid cells a decreased immune system efficacy. Pathological conditions in hematologic cancer could disrupt balance gut microbiota, potentially promoting proliferation opportunistic pathogens. In this review, we highlight studies that analyzed described role microbiota different types diseases. For instance, myeloma is often associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clostridium leptum , while leukemias, Streptococcus most common genus, Lachnospiraceae Ruminococcaceae less prevalent. Lymphoma exhibits moderate reduction diversity. Moreover, certain factors such as delivery mode, diet, other environmental can alter diversity leading to dysbiosis. This dysbiosis may inhibit response increase susceptibility cancer. A comprehensive analysis microbiota-cancer interactions be useful for disease management provide valuable information on host-microbiota dynamics, well possible use distinguishable marker progression.

Language: Английский

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Analysis of differences in intestinal flora associated with different BMI status in colorectal cancer patients

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Abstract Background Overweight is known to be an important risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), and the differences in intestinal flora among CRC patients with different BMI status have not been clearly defined. The purpose of this study was elucidate abundance, composition biological function status. Method A total 170 were included grouped according data patients. ≥ 24 kg/m 2 defined as overweight group, within range 18.5–23.9 normal weight group. Preoperative stool collection both groups used 16S rRNA sequencing. Total RNA extracted from 17 tumor tissue samples transcriptome sequencing, then CIBERSORT algorithm convert into relative content matrix 22 kinds immune cells, correlation between cells immune-related genes under states analyzed. Finally, we identified BMI-related differential functional pathways analyzed these flora. Result There no significant difference α diversity β analysis group Partial least square discriminant (PLS-DA) could divide two clusters stratification. 33 by linear effect size (LEfSe), which Actinomyces, Desulfovibrio Bacteroides significantly enriched ko00514: Other types O-glycan biosynthesis are a positive Clostridium IV Macrophages M2 T regulatory (Tregs). negative Dendritic activated CD4 memory activated. Conclusions richness may related status, enrichment Desulphurvibrio microenvironment resides has landscapes, suggesting that some affect process regulating cell infiltration gene expression, but further experiments needed confirm this.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Interaction Between Host and the Gut Microbiota During High-Fat Diet-Induced Colorectal Cancer

The Journal of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(3), P. 153 - 165

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Tumor microenvironment involvement in colorectal cancer progression via Wnt/β-catenin pathway: Providing understanding of the complex mechanisms of chemoresistance

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(26), P. 3027 - 3046

Published: July 7, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be one of the main causes death from because patients progress unfavorably due resistance current therapies. Dysregulation Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a fundamental role in genesis and progression several types cancer, including CRC. In many subtypes CRC, hyperactivation β-catenin is associated with mutations adenomatous polyposis coli gene. However, it can also other causes. recent years, studies tumor microenvironment (TME) have demonstrated its importance development this nest, cell types, structures, biomolecules interact neoplastic cells pave way for spread disease. Cross-communications between TME are then established primarily through paracrine factors, which trigger activation numerous signaling pathways. Crucial advances field oncology been made last decade. This Minireview aims actualize what known about central CRC chemoresistance aggressiveness, focusing on cross-communication TME. Through analysis, our objective was increase understanding complex disease considering more global context. Since treatments advanced fail mechanisms involving chemoresistance, data here exposed analyzed great interest novel effective

Language: Английский

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β‐Glucan alleviates mice with ulcerative colitis through interactions between gut microbes and amino acids metabolism

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103(8), P. 4006 - 4016

Published: Nov. 26, 2022

Food polysaccharide 1,3-β-d-glucan (OBG) has been shown to alleviate ulcerative colitis (UC) in a mouse model, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we aimed investigate potential involving interactions among gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and host metabolic function.OBG alleviated colonic inflammation, barrier dysfunction intestinal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids mice with UC. In addition, relative abundance Muribaculaceae, Alistipes, Erysipelatoclostridium Blautia increased, whereas Proteus, Lachnospiraceae Ruminococcus decreased within microbiota upon OBG treatment. Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes analyses showed that enzymes altered treatment were mainly enriched sub-pathways amino acid biosynthesis. Metabolomics l-tryptophan, l-tyrosine, l-phenylalanine l-alanine which is consistent predictive metabolism microbiota. Correlation analysis interaction networks highlighted (especially Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides, Proteus Blautia), l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine acetic acid) (phenylalanine, tyrosine tryptophan biosynthesis) may be key targets OBG.OBG beneficial microecological balance colitis, becaue its impact on between microbes metabolism). © 2022 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Molecular methods for colorectal cancer screening: Progress with next-generation sequencing evolution

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 425 - 442

Published: March 13, 2023

Prevention of malignant digestive system tumors

Language: Английский

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The roles and applications of short-chain fatty acids derived from microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in human cancer

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 8, 2023

Dietary fibers (DFs) and their metabolites attract significant attention in research on health disease, attributing to effects regulating metabolism, proliferation, inflammation, immunity. When fermented by gut microbiota, DFs mainly produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetic acid, propionic butyric acid. As the essential nutrients for intestinal epithelial cells, SCFAs maintain homeostasis play roles a wide range of biological functions. have been found inhibit histone deacetylase, activate G protein-coupled receptors, modulate immune response, which impacts cancer anti-cancer treatment. Notably, while extensive studies illuminated colorectal development, progression, treatment outcomes, limited evidence is available other types cancers. This restricts our understanding complex mechanisms clinical applications tumors outside tract. In this study, we provide comprehensive summary latest SCFAs, with focus acid derived from microbial fermentation cancer. Additionally, recapitulate treatments offer perspectives challenges, limitations, prospects utilizing therapy.

Language: Английский

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Determination of short-chain fatty acids as putative biomarkers of cancer diseases by modern analytical strategies and tools: a review

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 27, 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates in gastrointestinal tract. They can be seen as major flow carbon from diet, through microbiome to host. SCFAs have been reported important molecules responsible for regulation intestinal homeostasis. Moreover, these a significant impact on immune system and able affect inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type II, or oncological diseases. For this purpose, could used putative biomarkers various including cancer. A potential diagnostic value may offered analyzing with use advanced analytical approaches such gas chromatography (GC), liquid (LC), capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled mass spectrometry (MS). The presented review summarizes importance clinical perspective. Current advances analysis focused sample pretreatment, separation strategy, detection methods highlighted. Additionally, it also shows areas development future tools oncology other varieties diseases based targeted metabolite profiling.

Language: Английский

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