The blood-brain barrier in aging and neurodegeneration

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 2659 - 2673

Published: March 31, 2022

Abstract The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is vital for maintaining brain homeostasis by enabling an exquisite control of exchange compounds between the blood and parenchyma. Moreover, BBB prevents unwanted toxins pathogens from entering brain. This barrier, however, breaks down with age further disruption a hallmark many age-related disorders. Several drugs have been explored, thus far, to protect or restore function. With recent connection gut microbiota, microbial-derived metabolites explored their capabilities physiology. review, will focus on components that make up BBB, dissect levels discuss current therapeutics maintain integrity discoveries effects

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria-containing extracellular vesicles (EV) reduce mouse brain infarct sizes and EV/HSP27 protect ischemic brain endothelial cultures

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 354, P. 368 - 393

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Microglial morphometric analysis: so many options, so little consistency

Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Quantification of microglial activation through morphometric analysis has long been a staple the neuroimmunologist’s toolkit. Microglial morphological phenomics can be conducted either manual classification or constructing digital skeleton and extracting data from it. Multiple open-access paid software packages are available to generate these skeletons via semi-automated and/or fully automated methods with varying degrees accuracy. Despite advancements in morphometrics (quantitative measures cellular morphology), there limited development tools analyze datasets they generate, particular those containing parameters tens thousands cells analyzed by pipelines. In this review, we compare critique approaches using cluster machine learning driven predictive algorithms that have developed tackle large datasets, propose improvements for methods. particular, highlight need commitment open science groups developing classifiers. Furthermore, call attention communication between strong engineering/computer background neuroimmunologists produce effective analytical simplified operability if see their wide-spread adoption glia biology community.

Language: Английский

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Precision drug delivery to the central nervous system using engineered nanoparticles

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 567 - 588

Published: June 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles incorporating retrovirus-like capsids for the enhanced packaging and systemic delivery of mRNA into neurons

Nature Biomedical Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 415 - 426

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Crucial Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Disruption and Therapeutic Implications

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 386 - 386

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial structure that maintains brain homeostasis by regulating the entry of molecules and cells from bloodstream into central nervous system (CNS). Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease, well ischemic stroke, compromise integrity BBB. This leads to increased permeability infiltration harmful substances, thereby accelerating neurodegeneration. In this review, we explore mechanisms underlying BBB disruption, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction, loss tight junction integrity, in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss how breakdown contributes neurotoxicity, abnormal accumulation pathological proteins, all which exacerbate neuronal damage facilitate disease progression. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving or restoring function, anti-inflammatory treatments, antioxidant therapies, approaches enhance integrity. Given role neurodegeneration, maintaining its represents promising approach slow prevent progression

Language: Английский

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Advanced Nanoparticle Engineering for Precision Therapeutics of Brain Diseases

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 318, P. 123138 - 123138

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Major Depressive Disorder

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 42(8), P. 2571 - 2591

Published: Oct. 12, 2021

Language: Английский

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The mechanism of ferroptosis regulating oxidative stress in ischemic stroke and the regulation mechanism of natural pharmacological active components

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 154, P. 113611 - 113611

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

Cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemic stroke, pose serious medical challenges worldwide due to their high morbidity and mortality limitations in clinical treatment strategies. Studies have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated inflammation, excitotoxicity, programmed cell death of each neurovascular unit during post-stroke hypoxia reperfusion play an important role the pathological cascade. Ferroptosis, a characterized by iron-regulated accumulation lipid peroxidation, is caused abnormal metabolism lipids, glutathione (GSH), iron, can accelerate acute central nervous system injury. Recent studies gradually uncovered process ferroptosis stroke. Some drugs iron chelators, ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1) protect nerves after injury stroke inhibiting ferroptosis. In addition, combined with our previous on mediated natural compounds this review summarized progress regulation mechanism chemical components herbal recent years, order provide reference information for future research lead development inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Selenium attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury‑induced damage to the blood‑brain barrier in hyperglycemia through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway‑mediated autophagy inhibition

International Journal of Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 48(3)

Published: July 20, 2021

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability. Diabetes mellitus, characterized by hyperglycemia, common concomitant disease ischemic stroke, which associated with autophagy dysfunction blood‑brain barrier (BBB) damage following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. At present, there no effective treatment strategy for the disease. The purpose present study was to explore molecular mechanisms underlying protective effects selenium on BBB I/R injury in hyperglycemic rats. Middle artery occlusion performed diabetic Sprague‑Dawley Treatment inhibitor 3‑methyladenine significantly reduced infarct volume, brain water content Evans blue leakage, while increasing expression tight junction (TJ) proteins decreasing that autophagy‑related (P<0.05). In addition, increased phosphorylation levels PI3K, AKT mTOR A mouse bEnd.3 microvascular endothelial cell line co‑cultured vitro an MA‑h astrocyte‑hippocampal simulate BBB. cells were then subjected followed oxygen‑glucose deprivation 1 h reoxygenation 24 h. It revealed TJ protein levels, permeability, decreased enhanced phosphorylated (p)‑AKT/AKT p‑mTOR/mTOR wortmannin (an PI3K) prevented beneficial BBB, whereas insulin‑like growth factor (a PI3K activator) mimicked selenium. conclusion, findings indicated can inhibit regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, preventing conditions.

Language: Английский

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