Co-chaperoning of chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis by ORANGE family proteins in plants

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 1048 - 1065

Published: May 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mass spectrometry imaging and single-cell transcriptional profiling reveal the tissue-specific regulation of bioactive ingredient biosynthesis in Taxus leaves

Plant Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(5), P. 100630 - 100630

Published: May 25, 2023

Taxus leaves provide the raw industrial materials for taxol, a natural antineoplastic drug widely used in treatment of various cancers. However, precise distribution, biosynthesis, and transcriptional regulation taxoids other active components remain unknown. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging analysis was to visualize secondary metabolites leaf sections mairei, confirming tissue-specific accumulation different metabolites. Single-cell sequencing produce expression profiles 8846 cells, with median 2352 genes per cell. Based on series cluster-specific markers, cells were grouped into 15 clusters, suggesting high degree cell heterogeneity T. mairei leaves. Our data create first metabolic single-cell atlas reveal spatial temporal patterns several pathways. According cell-type annotation, most taxol biosynthesis are expressed mainly mesophyll cells; phenolic acid flavonoid highly epidermal (including stomatal complex guard cells); terpenoid steroid specifically cells. A number novel cell-specific transcription factors involved metabolite identified, including MYB17, WRKY12, WRKY31, ERF13, GT_2, bHLH46. research establishes landscape major types at resolution provides valuable resources studying basic principles cell-type-specific metabolism.

Language: Английский

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The nutritional composition of the vegetable soybean (maodou) and its potential in combatting malnutrition

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Introduction Global malnutrition continues to be a canker owing poor eating habits and over-reliance on the major staple crops. Vegetable soybean (maodou) is gaining popularity globally as an affordable snack vegetable. Methods In this study, we profiled nutritional composition of 12 cultivars at vegetable (R6-R7) mature (R8) stages. We also conducted RNA-seq analysis during seed development, focusing key biosynthesis enzymes for quality traits. Results The results showed that 100 g maodou contained 66.54% moisture, 13.49% protein, 7.81% fatty acids, 2.47% soluble sugar, abundant content minerals, micronutrients, including folate (462.27 μg FW) carotenoids (3,935.41 FW). Also, isoflavone ranged between 129.26 2,359.35 μg/g FW. With regard recommended daily allowance, fresh weight can contribute 26.98, 115.57, 11.60% folate, zinc, respectively, significant proportions other nutrients linoleic acid (21.16%), linolenic (42.96%), zinc (11.60%), iron (18.01%). On dry basis, has two six folds higher contents tocopherol, carotenoid than soybean. Furthermore, revealed traits are differentially expressed development may variations in Correlation both stages protein only correlated positively with stage but negatively total tocopherol stage. Complex associations among folates, isoflavones were identified. Discussion This study provides insight into demonstrates essential meeting requirements most countries.

Language: Английский

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Nudix hydrolase 23 post-translationally regulates carotenoid biosynthesis in plants

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(5), P. 1868 - 1891

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Abstract Carotenoids are essential for photosynthesis and photoprotection. Plants must evolve multifaceted regulatory mechanisms to control carotenoid biosynthesis. However, the regulators conserved among plant species remain elusive. Phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyzes highly regulated step of carotenogenesis geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPPS) acts as a hub interact with GGPP-utilizing enzymes synthesis specific downstream isoprenoids. Here, we report function Nudix hydrolase 23 (NUDX23), domain-containing protein, in post-translational regulation PSY GGPPS NUDX23 expresses Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves. Overexpression significantly increases protein levels production, whereas knockout dramatically reduces their abundances accumulation Arabidopsis. regulates biosynthesis via direct interactions chloroplasts, which enhances stability large PSY–GGPPS enzyme complex. was found co-migrate proteins be required complex assembly. Our findings uncover mechanism underlying plants offer promising genetic tools developing carotenoid-enriched food crops.

Language: Английский

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Bacterioruberin: Biosynthesis, Antioxidant Activity, and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer and Immune Pathologies

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 167 - 167

Published: April 9, 2024

Halophilic archaea, also termed haloarchaea, are a group of moderate and extreme halophilic microorganisms that constitute the major microbial populations in hypersaline environments. In these ecosystems, mainly aquatic, haloarchaea constantly exposed to ionic oxidative stress due saturated salt concentrations high incidences UV radiation (mainly summer). To survive under harsh conditions, have developed molecular adaptations including hyperpigmentation. Regarding pigmentation, haloarchaeal species synthesise rare C50 carotenoid called bacterioruberin (BR) its derivatives, monoanhydrobacterioruberin bisanhydrobacterioruberin. Due their colours extraordinary antioxidant properties, BR derivatives been aim research several groups all over world during last decade. This review aims summarise most relevant characteristics as well describe reported antitumoral, immunomodulatory, biological activities. Based on activities, carotenoids can be considered promising natural biomolecules could used tools design new strategies and/or pharmaceutical formulas fight against cancer, promote immunomodulation, or preserve skin health, among other potential uses.

Language: Английский

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An abscisic acid-responsive transcriptional regulatory module CsERF110-CsERF53 orchestrates citrus fruit coloration

Plant Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(11), P. 101065 - 101065

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Carotenoid biosynthesis is closely associated with abscisic acid (ABA) during the ripening process of non-climacteric fruits, but regulatory mechanism that links ABA signaling to carotenoid metabolism remains largely unclear. Here, we identified two master regulators ABA-mediated citrus fruit coloration, CsERF110 and CsERF53, which activate expression genes (CsGGPPS, CsPSY, CsPDS, CsCRTISO, CsLCYB2, CsLCYE, CsHYD, CsZEP, CsNCED2) facilitate accumulation. Further investigations showed not only activates CsERF53 by binding its promoter also interacts form transcriptional module CsERF110-CsERF53. We discovered a positive feedback loop between signal regulated Our results reveal CsERF110-CsERF53 responds signaling, thereby orchestrating coloration. Considering importance content for many other carotenoid-rich crops, revelation molecular mechanisms underlie in plants will development transgenic/gene-editing approaches, further contributing improving quality crops.

Language: Английский

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Salicylic Acid Improved the Growth of Dunaliella salina and Increased the Proportion of 9-cis-β-Carotene Isomers

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 18 - 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Dunaliella salina is an important source of natural β-carotene (containing 9-cis and all trans isomers) for industrial production. The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) has been proven to have impacts on the stress resistance higher plants, but research microalgae currently unclear. In this study, effects SA growth, biochemical composition, antioxidant enzyme activity, key enzymes synthesis, cis-and trans-isomers in D. under different salt concentrations were investigated. results shown that at 1.5, 2, 2.5 M NaCl, activity synthesis algal cells significantly increased, content proportion isomer isomers decreased. addition increased growth (SOD, MDA) as well phytoene synthase (PSY), desaturase (PDS), lycopene β cyclase (LCYB) high-salinity conditions. It worth noting treatment SA, three (1.5, NaCl) by 32.09%, 20.30%, 11.32%, respectively. Moreover, can not only improve tolerance salina, also increase isomer, with physiological β-carotene, thereby enhancing application value salina.

Language: Английский

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Specific sets of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases and phytoene synthases control the production of carotenoids and ABA in different tomato tissues

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 177(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Plant carotenoids are plastid‐synthesized isoprenoids with roles as photoprotectants, pigments, and precursors of bioactive molecules such the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The first step carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is production phytoene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), catalyzed by synthase (PSY). GGPP produced plastidial synthases (GGPPS) channeled to direct interaction GGPPS PSY enzymes. Three plastid‐localized isoforms (referred SlG1‐3) three enzymes (PSY1‐3) present in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ). Our previous work showed that SlG1 PSY3 function together roots, whereas rest required aerial tissues. Here we generated analyzed combinations double mutants lacking PSY1 or PSY2 SlG2 SlG3 investigate contribution specific pairs ABA different tissues plant. Despite loss individual was found trigger compensatory mechanisms complicate interpretation results, results confirm a major role for providing housekeeping leaves, become most relevant when more active flowers breaker fruits, i.e., at onset ripening. We could also fruit pericarp dependent on activity than total levels size correlates accumulated ripe rather fruits.

Language: Английский

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Overlapping and specialized roles of tomato phytoene synthases in carotenoid and abscisic acid production

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 193(3), P. 2021 - 2036

Published: July 20, 2023

Abstract Carotenoids are plastidial isoprenoids required for photoprotection and phytohormone production in all plants. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), carotenoids also provide color to flowers ripe fruit. Phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyzes the first main flux-controlling step of carotenoid pathway. Three genes encoding PSY isoforms present tomato, PSY1 PSY3. Mutants have shown that is isoform providing fruit pigmentation, but it dispensable photosynthetic tissues. No mutants available PSY2 or PSY3, their expression profiles suggest a role leaves PSY3 roots. To further investigate specialization with genetic tools, we created gene-edited lines defective MicroTom background. The albino phenotype lacking both confirmed does not contribute biosynthesis shoot Our work showed shoots relies on different contributions leaf chloroplasts, important response high light. contributes flower petals and, lesser extent, chromoplasts. Most interestingly, our results demonstrate growth controlled by abscisic acid (ABA) specifically produced pericarp from PSY1-derived precursors, whereas associated ABA synthesis seeds salt-stressed

Language: Английский

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Roles of Two Phytoene Synthases and Orange Protein in Carotenoid Metabolism of the β-Carotene-Accumulating Dunaliella salina

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3)

Published: April 6, 2023

Phytoene synthase (PSY) is a key enzyme in carotenoid metabolism and often regulated by orange protein. However, few studies have focused on the functional differentiation of two PSYs their regulation protein interaction β-carotene-accumulating Dunaliella salina CCAP 19/18. In this study, we confirmed that DsPSY1 from D. possessed high PSY catalytic activity, whereas DsPSY2 almost had no activity. Two amino acid residues at positions 144 285 responsible for substrate binding were associated with variance between DsPSY2. Moreover, (DsOR) could interact DsPSY1/2. DbPSY sp. FACHB-847 also but DbOR not DbPSY, which might be one reason why it highly accumulate β-carotene. Overexpression DsOR, especially mutant DsORHis, significantly improve single-cell content change cell morphology (with larger size, bigger plastoglobuli, fragmented starch granules) salina. Overall, played dominant role biosynthesis salina, DsOR promoted accumulation, β-carotene via interacting DsPSY1/2 regulating plastid development. Our study provides new clue regulatory mechanism Dunaliella. IMPORTANCE as rate-limiting can various regulators factors. We found carotenogenesis critical Orange promote accumulation development, insights into molecular massive

Language: Английский

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