Aversive memories can be weakened during human sleep via the reactivation of positive interfering memories

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(31)

Published: July 25, 2024

Recollecting painful or traumatic experiences can be deeply troubling. Sleep may offer an opportunity to reduce such suffering. We developed a procedure weaken older aversive memories by reactivating newer positive during sleep. Participants viewed 48 nonsense words each paired with unique image, followed overnight In the next evening, participants learned associations between half of and additional images, creating interference. During following non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, auditory memory cues were unobtrusively delivered. Upon waking, presenting associated both images as opposed not cues, weakened recall while increasing intrusions. Substantiating these benefits, computational modeling revealed that cueing facilitated evidence accumulation toward affect judgments. Moreover, cue-elicited theta brain rhythms sleep predominantly predicted memories. A noninvasive intervention thus modify recollection affective responses.

Language: Английский

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Impairment in recognition memory may be associated with near-term risk for suicide attempt in a high-risk sample

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 350, P. 7 - 15

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploring the influence of a 4-week aerobic exercise intervention on cognitive control processes in young adults: An SFT and DDM study

Progress in brain research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 193 - 229

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Links between socioeconomic position and cognitive and behavioral regulation in adolescence: The role of pubertal development

Journal of Research on Adolescence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 6, 2024

Abstract Adolescent cognitive and behavioral regulation is influenced by multidimensional multidirectional processes within across biological contextual systems that shift throughout development. Key among these influences are distal such as early life socioeconomic position (SEP), proximal pubertal development, but questions remain concerning how links between SEP, accumulate unfold over adolescence. In the current study, in line with Dr. John Schulenberg's foundational work, direct associations puberty, adolescent were examined; then timing tempo considered moderators mediators of SEP regulation. Data drawn from NICHD Study Early Child Care Youth Development, a longitudinal study 970 youth (52% male; 80% White, 13% Black, 7% another race/ethnicity). Cognitive was measured using assessments working memory, planning, risky decision‐making, impulse control at age 15. included maternal education family income‐to‐needs averaged birth to 54 months old; estimates derived logistic growth curve models 9 directly associated Pubertal development tended moderate those links, rarely mediated them. Specifically, disadvantage along earlier or faster be worse Overall, findings suggest may exacerbate existing environmental constraints.

Language: Английский

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Evidence Accumulation Rate Moderates the Relationship between Enriched Environment Exposure and Age-Related Response Speed Declines

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(37), P. 6401 - 6414

Published: July 28, 2023

Older adults exposed to enriched environments (EEs) maintain relatively higher levels of cognitive function, even in the face compromised markers brain health. Response speed (RS) is often used as a simple proxy measure preservation global function older adults. However, it unknown which specific selection, decision, and/or motor processes provide most indices neurocognitive Here, using decision task with electroencephalography (EEG), we found that efficiency an individual accumulates sensory evidence was critical determinant extent RS preserved (63% female, 37% male). Moreover, mitigating influence EE on age-related declines pronounced when accumulation rates were shallowest. These results suggest phenomenon reserve, whereby high individuals can better tolerate suboptimal health facilitate not just applicable neuroanatomical indicators aging but be observed neurophysiology. Our EEG metrics may index vulnerability brain.Significance Statement closely linked trajectories aging. by recording activity while perform computer task, identify neural metric response speed. greater and social stimulation throughout lifetime could faster responding, this impaired. This work suggests useful technique for interrogating how benefits

Language: Английский

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Listening to the Data: Computational Approaches to Addiction and Learning

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(45), P. 7547 - 7553

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Computational approaches hold great promise for identifying novel treatment targets and creating translational therapeutics substance use disorders. From circuitries underlying decision-making to computationally derived neural markers of drug-cue reactivity, this review is a summary the data presented at our 2023 Society Neuroscience Mini-Symposium. Here, we highlight data- hypothesis-driven computational that recently afforded advancements in addiction learning neuroscience. First, discuss value algorithmic modeling approaches, which integrate behavioral, neural, cognitive outputs refine hypothesis testing. Then, advantages data-driven dimensionality reduction machine methods uncovering predictor variables elucidating relationships high-dimensional data. Overall, highlights recent breakthroughs mapping, model-based analysis behavior/risky decision-making, patterns drug taking, relapse, neuromarker discovery, showcases benefits techniques, across both preclinical clinical

Language: Английский

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Aversive memories can be weakened during human sleep via the reactivation of positive interfering memories

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Abstract Recollecting painful or traumatic experiences can be deeply troubling. Sleep may offer an opportunity to reduce such suffering. We developed a procedure weaken older aversive memories by reactivating newer positive during sleep. Participants viewed 48 nonsense words each paired with unique image, followed overnight In the next evening, participants learned associations between half of and additional images, creating interference. During following non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, auditory memory cues were unobtrusively delivered. Upon waking, presenting associated both images as opposed not cues, weakened recall while increasing intrusions. Substantiating these benefits, computational modeling revealed that cueing facilitated evidence accumulation toward affect judgments. Moreover, cue-elicited theta brain rhythms sleep predominantly predicted memories. A noninvasive intervention thus modify recollection affective responses. Significance Statement Not all are welcome: involuntary intrusions debilitating. Prior research shows benefits psychological health, reactivation externally triggered human Here, we introduced novel sleep-based updating found only memories, but also increased intrusion enhanced Our findings open new avenues for weakening

Language: Английский

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Social Human Collective Decision-Making and Its Applications with Brain Network Models

Modeling and simulation in science, engineering & technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 103 - 141

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

A better understanding of social human dynamics would be a powerful tool to improve nearly any computational endeavour that involves interactions. This includes intelligent environments featuring, for instance, efficient illumination systems, smart evacuation signalling transportation crowd control, or disaster response. Moreover, given the population has significantly grown up in number and spread across planet, capacity predict behaviours will help demonstrate special behavioural forms observed when masses people gather together make crowds. Additionally, are characterized by complex psychological sociobiological behaviour. The contributions factors need accounted obtain more reliable models. Many models have been proposed describe group different scenarios. However, due complexity such systems amplified above factors, decision-making with multiple choices not fully scrutinized. In this chapter, we consider probabilistic drift-diffusion Bayesian inference frameworks address issue, assisting decision-making. We provide details models, as well representative numerical examples, discuss process example escape route phenomena further developing frameworks. latter context, also give review recent developments collective its applications brain network Furthermore, illustrative examples role neuromodulation, reinforcement learning processes. Finally, call attention existing challenges, open problems, promising approaches studying decision-making, including those arising from nonequilibrium considerations associated

Language: Английский

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Does moral valence influence the construal of alternative possibilities?

Possibility Studies & Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 318 - 331

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

It is often thought that an agent may be held morally responsible for bringing about a negative outcome only if they could have done otherwise. Inspired by previous research linking moral judgment to free will ascriptions and representations of possibility, we probe the reverse link: Does learning undesirable make preferable alternatives appear more possible? We find modest evidence this case. In preregistered experiment, presented 317 participants with animated footage traffic accident in which two bystanders fail intervene as third person gets run over bus, manipulated whether victim was evil, virtuous, or neutral. Judging from same visual input, people indicate saving evil would been slightly less possible than virtuous neutral victim, arriving at conclusion it demanded time. Using drift-diffusion modeling better understand underlying cognitive processes, found were biased against counterfactual attempts save victim’s life, but then gathered toward their decisions rate regardless morality.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the effects of context, visual working memory, and inhibitory control in hybrid visual search

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Introduction In real-life scenarios, individuals frequently engage in tasks that involve searching for one of the distinct items stored memory. This combined process visual search and memory is known as hybrid search. To date, most studies have been restricted to average observers looking previously well-memorized targets blank backgrounds. Methods We investigated effects context role by modifying task’s memorization phase occur all-new single trials. addition, we aimed assess how individual differences working capacity inhibitory control influence performance during an online experiment, 110 participants searched potential images with without context. A change detection go/no-go task were also performed measure control, respectively. Results show that, target present trials, main hallmarks remain present, a linear relationship between reaction time set size logarithmic size. These behavioral results can be reproduced using simple drift-diffusion model. Finally, did not predict measures. Inhibitory when relationships significant, could account only small portion variability data. Discussion study provides insights into on efficiency termination.

Language: Английский

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