Ketogenic Diet Intervention on Metabolic and Psychiatric Health in Bipolar and Schizophrenia: A Pilot Trial

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 335, P. 115866 - 115866

Published: March 20, 2024

The ketogenic diet (KD, also known as metabolic therapy) has been successful in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and epilepsy. More recently, this shown promise psychiatric illness. We conducted a 4–month pilot study to investigate effects KD on individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder existing abnormalities. Twenty–three participants were enrolled single–arm trial. Results showcased improvements health, no meeting syndrome criteria by conclusion. Adherent experienced significant reduction weight (12%), BMI waist circumference (13%), visceral adipose tissue (36%). Observed biomarker enhancements population include 27% decrease HOMA–IR, 25% drop triglyceride levels. In measurements, showed 32% Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores. Overall Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity improved an average 31%, proportion that started elevated symptomatology at least 1–point CGI (79%). outcomes across cohort encompassed increased life satisfaction (17%) enhanced sleep quality (19%). This trial underscores potential advantages adjunctive dietary grappling serious mental

Language: Английский

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Human gut microbiome, diet, and mental disorders

International Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Diet is one of the most important external factor shaping composition and metabolic activities gut microbiome. The microbiome plays a crucial role in host health, including immune system development, nutrients metabolism, synthesis bioactive molecules. In addition, has been described as critical for development several mental disorders. Nutritional psychiatry an emerging field research that may provide link between diet, microbial function, brain health. this study, we have reviewed influence different diet types, such Western, Mediterranean, vegetarian, ketogenic, on microbiota their implication various neuropsychiatric psychological

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of low carbohydrate and ketogenic diets in treating mood and anxiety disorders: systematic review and implications for clinical practice

BJPsych Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(3)

Published: April 17, 2023

Background There is mounting interest in the potential efficacy of low carbohydrate and very ketogenic diets various neurological psychiatric disorders. Aims To conduct a systematic review narrative synthesis (LC/KD) adults with mood anxiety Method MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO Cochrane databases were systematically searched for articles from inception to 6 September 2022. Studies that included any or disorder treated intervention, reporting effects on symptoms eligible inclusion. PROSPERO registration CRD42019116367. Results The search yielded 1377 articles, which 48 assessed full-text eligibility. Twelve heterogeneous studies (stated as interventions, albeit incomplete measurements ketosis; diet duration: 2 weeks 3 years; n = 389; age range 19 75 years) final analysis. This nine case reports, two cohort one observational study. Data quality was variable, no high-quality evidence identified. Efficacy, adverse discontinuation rates not reported. some those bipolar disorder, schizoaffective possibly unipolar depression/anxiety. Relapse after reported individuals. Conclusions Although there LC/KD disorders, several uncontrolled suggest possible beneficial effects. Robust are now needed demonstrate efficacy, identify clinical groups who may benefit whether (beyond carbohydrate) required characterise risk relapse discontinuation.

Language: Английский

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Pilot study of a ketogenic diet in bipolar disorder

BJPsych Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(6)

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Background Recent evidence from case reports suggests that a ketogenic diet may be effective for bipolar disorder. However, no clinical trials have been conducted to date. Aims To assess the recruitment and feasibility of intervention in Method Euthymic individuals with disorder were recruited 6–8 week trial modified diet, range clinical, economic functional outcome measures assessed. Study registration number: ISRCTN61613198. Results Of 27 participants, 26 commenced 20 completed weeks. The outcomes data-set was 95% complete daily ketone measures, glucose ecological momentary assessment symptoms during period. Mean blood readings 1.3 mmol/L (s.d. = 0.77, median 1.1) period, 91% all indicated ketosis, suggesting high degree adherence diet. Over within normal range, 9% indicating mild hypoglycaemia. Eleven minor adverse events recorded, including fatigue, constipation, drowsiness hunger. One serious event reported (euglycemic ketoacidosis participant taking SGLT2-inhibitor medication). Conclusions retention euthymic feasible, completion rates measures. majority participants reached maintained generally modifiable. A future randomised controlled is now warranted.

Language: Английский

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Complete remission of depression and anxiety using a ketogenic diet: case series

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 14, 2024

Background There is little data that describe the use of ketogenic metabolic therapy to achieve full remission major depression and generalized anxiety disorder in clinical practice. We present a retrospective case series three adults with complex comorbidity, treated personalized therapy, who achieved complete improvements flourishing, self-compassion, health. Methods Three adults, ages 32–36, depression, anxiety, other disorders, comorbid psychiatric conditions were for 12–16 weeks whole food animal-based (1.5:1 ratio) specialized psychiatry Interventions included twice-weekly visits an experienced registered dietitian; daily photo journaling capillary blood BHB/glucose/GKI monitoring; virtual groups; family/friends support; nature walks talks several times per week, community building. Successful adoption diet was defined as achievement maintenance BHB ≥ 0.8 mmol/L GKI < 6. Remission assessed by GAD-7 PHQ-9, quality life subjectively validated scales flourishing self-compassion. Metabolic health laboratories/biometric measures. Results Two patients (PHQ-9 ≤ 4) (GAD-7 within 7 therapeutic nutritional ketosis; one required 12 weeks. Anxiety responded remitted more quickly than depression. Flourishing self-compassion increased steadily. Patients lost 10.9 14.8% their initial body weight improved metabolically; optimal Conclusion Complete occurred 7–12 ketosis during treatment (ratio 1.5:1) engaged program.

Language: Английский

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The metabolic overdrive hypothesis: hyperglycolysis and glutaminolysis in bipolar mania

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 1521 - 1527

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Evidence from diverse areas of research including chronobiology, metabolomics and magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicate that energy dysregulation is a central feature bipolar disorder pathophysiology. In this paper, we propose mania represents condition heightened cerebral metabolism facilitated by hyperglycolysis glutaminolysis. When oxidative glucose becomes impaired in the brain, neurons can utilize glutamate as an alternative substrate to generate through phosphorylation. Glycolysis astrocytes fuels formation denovo glutamate, which be used mitochondrial fuel source via transamination alpha-ketoglutarate subsequent reductive carboxylation replenish tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Upregulation glycolysis glutaminolysis manner causes brain enter state excitatory activity underlie subjective experience mania. Under normal conditions, mechanism serves adaptive function transiently upregulate response acute demand. However, when recruited long term counteract it may become pathological process. article, develop these ideas detail, present supporting evidence novel avenue investigation understand biological basis for

Language: Английский

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Ketogenic diet has a positive association with mental and emotional well-being in the general population

Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 112420 - 112420

Published: March 9, 2024

Ketogenic diet reduces pathological stress and improves mood in neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the effects of ketogenic for people from general population have largely been unexplored. is increasingly used weight loss. Research healthy individuals primarily focuses on physical implications diet. It important to understand holistic not only physiological but also psychological impacts non-clinical samples. The aim this cross-sectional study with multiple cohorts was investigate association different aspects mental health including calmness, contentedness, alertness, cognitive emotional stress, depression, anxiety loneliness a population. Two online surveys were distributed: Cohort 1 using Bond-Lader visual analogue scale (BL-VAS) Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) (n=147) 2 Depression, Anxiety (DASS-21) UCLA-R Loneliness (n=276). associated higher self-reported well-being behaviours compared non-specific This research demonstrated that has potential benefits within

Language: Английский

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The effects of ketogenic metabolic therapy on mental health and metabolic outcomes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a randomized controlled clinical trial protocol

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Background Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar affective disorder are debilitating psychiatric conditions characterized by a chronic pattern of emotional, behavioral, cognitive disturbances. Shared psychopathology includes the pre-eminence altered states, disorders thoughts, behavioral control. Additionally, those share epidemiological traits, including significant cardiovascular, metabolic, infectious, respiratory co-morbidities, resulting in reduced life expectancy up to 25 years. Nutritional ketosis has been successfully used treat range neurological preclinical data have convincingly shown potential for its use animal models psychotic disorders. More recent from open clinical trials pointed toward dramatic reduction psychotic, affective, metabolic symptoms both schizophrenia disorder. Objectives investigate effects nutritional via modified ketogenic diet (MKD) over 14 weeks stable community patients with or schizophrenia. Design A randomized placebo-controlled trial 100 non-hospitalized adult participants diagnosis who capable consenting willing change their diets. Intervention Dietitian-led medically supervised compared following Australian Guide Healthy Eating weeks. Outcomes The primary outcomes include measures, reported as symptom improvement functional changes Positive Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Young Mania Rating (YMS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), WHO Disability Schedule, Affect Lability Cambridge Cognitive Battery. secondary body weight, blood pressure, liver kidney function tests, lipid profiles, markers insulin resistance. Ketone glucose levels will be study correlation between outcomes. Optional hair cortisol analysis assess long-term stress variations fecal microbiome composition. Autonomic nervous system activity measured wearable devices (OURA ring EMBRACE wristband) form skin conductance, oximetry, continuous pulse monitoring, rate, movement tracking, sleep quality. Based on encouraging results established research, other neurodevelopment disorders, schizophrenia, we predict that therapy well tolerated result improved global measures social functioning. We additionally may exist level achieved cognitive, intervention group.

Language: Английский

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The impact of ketogenic diet on the frequency of psychogenic non‐epileptic seizures (PNES): A feasibility randomized pilot study

Epilepsia Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract The potential of dietary interventions, particularly the use ketogenic diet in patients with Psychogenic Non‐Epileptic Seizures (PNES), remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess feasibility a 6‐week (Modified Atkins Diet, MAD) intervention adult PNES and compare its effects on frequency other variables against control healthy (CD). A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted at tertiary neurology hospital, enrolling outpatients diagnosed assigning them either MAD or CD. Baseline follow‐up assessments (at 2, 4, 6 weeks) included evaluation mental health, frequency, metabolic measures. Descriptive inferential methods, including repeated measures ANOVA, were used for statistical analysis. Seventeen (mean age 28.23 ± 7.1) randomly allocated receive ( n = 12) CD 5). entire sample exhibited significant decrease monthly p 0.01, Hedges ES 0.618) without differences between groups. group showed improvement depression, anxiety week six. Results demonstrate that implementation is feasible suggest it may reduce seizure symptoms depression anxiety. These findings warrant further investigation larger, powered studies efficacy. Plain Language Summary explored benefits Modified Diet (MAD) reducing psychogenic non‐epileptic seizures (PNES). results safe, well‐tolerated, occurrence PNES, as well modifications could be helpful complement treatment, though larger are necessary confirm these outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Potential Benefits of Ketone Therapy as a Novel Immunometabolic Treatment for Schizophrenia

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 345, P. 116379 - 116379

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Language: Английский

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