A preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effect of biological sex in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 326(6), P. L661 - L671

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

It is unclear what effect biological sex has on outcomes of acute lung injury (ALI). Clinical studies are confounded by their observational design. We addressed this knowledge gap with a preclinical systematic review ALI animal studies. searched MEDLINE and Embase for intratracheal/intranasal/aerosolized lipopolysaccharide administration (the most common model) that reported sex-stratified data. Screening data extraction were conducted in duplicate. Our primary outcome was histological tissue secondary included alveolar-capillary barrier alterations inflammatory markers. used random-effects inverse variance meta-analysis, expressing as standardized mean difference (SMD) 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Risk bias assessed using the Systematic Review Centre Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool. identified six involving 132 animals across 11 independent experiments. A total 41 extracted, direction suggesting greater severity males than females 26/41 (63%). One study histology found male mice exhibited (SMD: 1.61, CI: 0.53–2.69). Meta-analysis demonstrated significantly elevated albumin levels 2.17, 0.63–3.70) cell counts 0.80, 0.27–1.33) bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from compared female mice. Most had an “unclear risk bias.” findings suggest sex-related differences severity. However, these conclusions drawn small number Further research required to address fundamental issue LPS-induced ALI.

Language: Английский

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Cardiac damage and tropism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

Current Opinion in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 102437 - 102437

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Until now, the World Health Organization registered over 771 million cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection worldwide, which 6.97 resulted in death. Virus-related cardiovascular events and pre-existing heart problems have been identified as major contributing factors to global infection-related morbidity mortality, emphasizing necessity for risk assessment future prevention. In this review, we highlight cardiac manifestations that might arise from an with SARS-CoV-2 provide overview known comorbidities worsen outcome. Additionally, aim summarize therapeutic strategies proposed reverse virus-associated myocardial damage, will be further highlighted outlook successful recovery

Language: Английский

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More than the SRY: The Non-Coding Landscape of the Y Chromosome and Its Importance in Human Disease

Non-Coding RNA, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 21 - 21

Published: April 10, 2024

Historically, the Y chromosome has presented challenges to classical methodology and philosophy of understanding differences between males females. A genetic unsolved puzzle, was last be fully sequenced. With advent Human Genome Project came a realization that human genome is more than just genes encoding proteins, an entire universe RNA discovered. This dark matter biology black box surrounding have collided over few years, as increasing numbers non-coding RNAs been identified across length chromosome, many which played significant roles in disease. In this review, we will uncover what known about connections originates from it, particularly it relates long RNAs, microRNAs circular RNAs.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of COVID-19 on the Tuberculosis Features in a Romanian Pneumology Hospital

Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 2489 - 2498

Published: May 1, 2024

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and tuberculosis have epidemiological similarities, being transmitted airborne, favored by direct contact, crowded environments, vulnerable biological status. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 45 cases pulmonary associated with (TB+COV+) compared to tuberculous monoinfection (TB+COV-), hospitalized during 2021– 2022. Results: demographic characteristics were similar in the two groups, predominating men, median age 51 years, living rural areas, medium level education smoking. Common symptoms groups cough, weight loss, profuse sweating, loss appetite hemoptysis, while fever, headache, myo-arthralgias, digestive characterized TB+COV+ forms. scores radiological lesions TB+COV- group significantly higher persistent, revealing more frequent bilateral extensive lung lesions. There no significant differences parameters between groups. Mortality was 2.2%, regardless association COVID-19. frequency infections Clostridioides difficile cases. Conclusion: co-infection had mild impact on clinical expression diagnosed context. Keywords: tuberculosis, pandemic, co-infection, Romania

Language: Английский

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Cytokine release syndrome after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: an observational cohort study of 2672 patients from Karolinska University Hospital in Sweden

OncoImmunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 3, 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are linked to diverse immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Rare irAEs surface first in clinical practice. Here, we systematically studied the rare irAE, cytokine-release syndrome (CRS), a cohort of 2672 patients treated with ICIs at Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden. We find that risk ICI-induced CRS – defined as fever, negative microbiological findings and absence other probable causes within 30 days after ICI treatment is approximately 1%, higher than previously reported. was often mild rechallenge generally safe. However, two out 28 experienced high-grade CRS, one fatal. While C-reactive protein (CRP) procalcitonin were not discriminative fatal our data suggest quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score might identify high-risk patients. These provide framework for assessment motivate multicenter studies improve early diagnosis.

Language: Английский

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Former SARS-CoV-2 Infection Was Related to Decreased VO2 Peak and Exercise Hypertension in Athletes

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1792 - 1792

Published: May 18, 2023

The impact of former COVID-19 infection on the performance athletes is not fully understood. We aimed to identify differences in with and without infections. Competitive who presented for preparticipation screening between April 2020 October 2021 were included this study, stratified infection, compared. Overall, 1200 (mean age 21.9 ± 11.6 years; 34.3% females) study from 2021. Among these, 158 (13.1%) previously had infection. Athletes older (23.4 7.1 vs. 21.7 12.1 years, p < 0.001) more often male sex (87.7% 64.0%, 0.001). While systolic/diastolic blood pressure at rest was comparable both groups, maximum systolic (190.0 [170.0/210.0] 180.0 [160.0/205.0] mmHg, = 0.007) diastolic (70.0 [65.0/75.0] 70.0 [60.0/75.0] 0.012) during exercise test frequency hypertension (54.2% 37.8%, higher independently associated exercise, related (OR 2.13 [95%CI 1.39-3.28], VO2 peak lower compared those (43.4 [38.3/48.0] 45.3 [39.1/50.6] mL/min/kg, 0.010). SARS-CoV-2 affected negatively 0.94 0.91-0.97], 0.0019). In conclusion, accompanied by a reduced peak.

Language: Английский

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Thrombosis and Bleeding Risk Scores Are Strongly Associated with Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1437 - 1437

Published: March 1, 2024

Background: Internationally established guidelines mention pharmacological prophylaxis for all hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, there are concerns regarding the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants. This study investigated associations between thrombosis/bleeding risk scores clinical outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review adult patients admitted to two hospitals 2021 2022. analyzed data, laboratory results, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) use, thrombosis, bleeding, 30-day survival. Results: Of 160 patients, 69.4% were female, median age was 59 years. The rates thrombotic complications mortality 12.5% 36.3%, respectively. LMWH administered 73 (45.6%). with high Padua prediction (PPS) IMPROVEVTE had significantly higher venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared those (30.8% vs. 9.0%, p = 0.006 25.6% 7.7%, 0.006). Similarly, elevated IMPROVEBRS associated increased (hazard ratios 7.49 6.27, respectively; < 0.001). Interestingly, use not decreased incidence VTE when stratified by groups. Conclusions: this suggests that thrombosis bleeding have rate.

Language: Английский

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Odds of COVID‐19‐associated asthma exacerbations in children higher during Omicron wave

Pediatric Pulmonology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 58(11), P. 3179 - 3187

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Abstract Background We aimed to determine the association of COVID‐19 variant wave with asthma exacerbations in children asthma. Methods conducted a retrospective cross‐sectional study Western Pennsylvania Registry (WPACR). extracted data for all WPACR and compared their acute clinical presentation outcomes during Pre‐Delta (7/1/20–6/30/21), Delta (8/1/21–12/14/21), Omicron (12/15/21–8/30/22) waves. multivariable logistic regression analyses SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated exacerbations, adjusting characteristics that have been associated prior studies. Results Among 573 period, proportion who had an exacerbation was higher than two waves (40.2% vs. 22.6% 26.2%, p = 0.002; unadjusted OR 2.12 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39–3.22], < 0.001). In our models, odds were 2.8 times (adjusted 2.80 CI 1.70–4.61]). similar after additionally severity but no longer significant poor control. Conclusion The experiencing SARS‐CoV‐2 infection waves, adding body evidence COVID‐19‐associated respiratory symptoms vary by variant. These findings provide additional support vaccination prevention.

Language: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 on health of menopausal women: A scoping review

General Hospital Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 84, P. 125 - 141

Published: July 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Outcomes of COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations in Geriatric Patients with Dementia in the United States: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis

Geriatrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Previous studies have convincingly demonstrated the negative impact of dementia on overall health outcomes. In context COVID-19 pandemic, there is burgeoning evidence suggesting a possible association between and adverse outcomes, however relationship has not been conclusively established. We conducted retrospective cohort study involving 816,960 hospitalized patients aged 65 or older from 2020 national inpatient sample. The was bifurcated into with (n = 180,845) those without 636,115). Multivariate regression propensity score matched analyses (PSM) assessed in-hospital mortality complications. observed that had notably higher risk (23.1% vs. 18.6%; aOR 1.2 [95% CI 1.1–1.2]). This elevated persisted even after PSM. Interestingly, reduced several acute complications, including liver failure sudden cardiac arrest. Nevertheless, they longer hospital stays lower total charges. Our findings demonstrate face heightened when but are less likely to experience certain complexity underscores urgent need for individualized care strategies this vulnerable group.

Language: Английский

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