Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of single-dose enteral cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid rich hemp in horses (Equus caballus)
Frontiers in Veterinary Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: April 12, 2024
The
pharmacokinetics
and
tolerability
of
cannabinoids
their
metabolites
were
determined
in
eight
horses
after
enteral
administration
a
commercial
CBD/CBDA-rich
hemp
oil
product.
Each
horse
was
administered
2
mg/kg
or
8
CBD/CBDA
no
treatment
randomized
cross-over
design.
Serial
serum
samples
collected
over
48
h
analyzed
by
high
performance
liquid
chromatography
with
tandem
mass
spectrometry.
Plasma
chemistry
analysis
performed
at
0
24
h.
Vital
parameters,
pedometry,
blinded
mentation
gait
evaluations
recorded
intervals
up
to
Manure
production
gastrointestinal
transit
time
tracked
for
administration.
median
maximal
concentration
CBD
CBDA
5.2
36.95
ng/mL
the
group,
respectively;
40.35
353.56
group.
half-life
elimination
not
calculated
due
lack
points
above
lower
quantifiable
limit
beyond
Cmax
while
it
7.75
absorption
biphasic.
Pharmacokinetic
parameters
tetrahydrocannabinol,
tetrahydrocannabinolic
acid,
cannabigerolic
7-carboxy
cannabidiol
are
also
reported.
No
significant
differences
any
measured
demonstrated
between
groups.
Single-dose
extract
does
appear
produce
neurologic,
behavioral,
effects
horses.
Language: Английский
Exploring factors that influence the behavior response to novel object tests in young thoroughbred horses: investigating sex, test site and auction history
Frontiers in Veterinary Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
The
novel
object
test
is
one
of
the
three
most
common
fear
tests
in
veterinary
science
and
employed
several
different
species.
Although
having
been
applied
studies
horses,
it
surprising
that
there
no
standardized
procedure
available
for
these
kinds
tests.
This
study
investigated
performance
on
42
young
Thoroughbred
horses
to
determine
effect
sex
(mare
or
stallion),
sites
(round
pen
paddock)
whether
had
previously
participated
an
auction
not
behavior
during
test.
Differences
horses'
were
primarily
attributed
sites.
animals
showed
significant
(p
<
0.05)
intra-individual
differences
round
paddock.
Sex
did
affect
direct
interaction
with
object.
seemed
actively
perceive
more
quickly,
so
latency
first
fixation
was
significantly
shorter.
In
order
obtain
comparable
results,
recommended
should
be
performed
at
same
location
under
identical
conditions.
Furthermore,
important
consider
individual
each
horse.
Language: Английский
Endocannabinoid system and phytocannabinoids in the main species of veterinary interest: a comparative review
Veterinary Research Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
48(5), P. 2915 - 2941
Published: Aug. 20, 2024
Since
the
discovery
of
endocannabinoid
system
and
due
to
empirical
evidence
therapeutic
effects
on
several
illnesses
both
in
humans
animals
that
follow
administration
exogenous
cannabinoids
(i.e.,
phytocannabinoids),
numerous
studies
have
been
conducted.
These
investigations
aimed
identify
expression
distribution
cannabinoid
receptors
healthy
pathologic
organs
tissues
different
animal
species
define
interactions
phytocannabinoids
with
these
receptors.
In
last
decade,
pharmacokinetics,
efficacy
tolerability
many
Cannabis
derivatives
formulations,
mainly
containing
cannabidiol,
main
veterinary
interest,
also
investigated.
This
manuscript
summarizes
findings
reported
by
scientific
published
so
far
molecular
mode
action
phytocannabinoids,
localization
tissues,
as
well
dogs,
cats,
horses
other
interest.
A
deep
knowledge
issues
is
crucial
for
use
purposes
species.
Language: Английский