Biotechnological Advancements Toward Sugarcane Crop Improvement

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Sugarcane, is a vital tropical C4 plant known for its sucrose storage capacity, plays crucial role in global sugar and ethanol production. Despite multifaceted applications, the sugarcane industry faces numerous challenges, which impact final harvesting yield quality. Traditional breeding methods prove inefficient due to sugarcane's complexity extended cycles. Modern biotechnological approaches, particularly genetic engineering molecular markers, offer unprecedented opportunities. These techniques enable precise modifications, facilitating development of superior varieties. Molecular markers genomic tools aid identifying high-yield, stress-tolerant cultivars, enhancing selection processes. Additionally, advancements bioinformatics, genomics, proteomics, transcripteomic shed light on intricate gene-protein-metabolite relationships, understanding stress responses. This chapter explores these innovations, showcasing their potential address existing challenges ensure sustainable future production, thereby promoting food security sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Diversity and Breeding of Cactus (Opuntia spp.)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Use of Wheat Starch as Gelling Agent for In Vitro Proliferation of Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) Cultivars and the Evaluation of Genetic Fidelity after Repeated Subcultures

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 902 - 902

Published: Aug. 8, 2023

Micropropagation has an important role in the large-scale production of blackberry plant material, given high proliferation rates this species. The aim present study was to evaluate proliferative capacity grown vitro on wheat starch-gelled culture medium compared classical agar-gelled and assess genetic fidelity between proliferated shoots their mother plants. Six varieties (‘Čačanska Bestrna’, ‘Chester Thornless’, ‘Driscoll’s Victoria’, ‘Loch Ness’, ‘Polar’, ‘Karaka Black’) were tested. For proliferation, Murashige Skoog (MS) supplemented with 0.5 mg dm−3 6-benzyladenine (BA) used. conventional gelled 0.5% agar, starch used as alternative gelling agent a concentration 5%. results showed that for all cultivars, highest number shoots/inoculum obtained medium, maximum value 54.42 ± 4.18 presented by Black’. Considering length shoots, tested cultivars outstanding 5% starch. values regarding observed Thornless’ followed ‘Čačanska Ness’ 5.55 0.04 cm, 5.46 0.06 5.37 0.09 respectively. uniformity micropropagated relation plants confirmed sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) start codon targeted (SCoT) molecular markers.

Language: Английский

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Transient efflux inhibition improves plant regeneration by natural auxins

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 118(2), P. 295 - 303

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Plant genome editing and propagation are important tools in crop breeding production. Both rely heavily on the development of efficient vitro plant regeneration systems. Two prominent systems that widely employed production somatic embryogenesis (SE) de novo shoot regeneration. In many protocols for SE or regeneration, explants treated with synthetic auxin analog 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), since natural auxins, such as indole-3-acetic (IAA) 4-chloroindole-3-acetic (4-Cl-IAA), less effective even fail to induce Based previous reports 2,4-D, compared endogenous is not effectively exported from cells, we investigated whether efflux inhibition auxins could convert these into inducers Arabidopsis immature zygotic embryos (IZEs). We show analogs thereof become when their transiently inhibited by co-application transport inhibitor naphthylphthalamic (NPA). Moreover, IZEs mutants pin2 abcb1 abcb19 enhanced efficiency IAA efflux-inhibited IAA, confirming reduces SE. Importantly, contrast 2,4-D system, where only 50-60% converted seedlings, all SEs induced transport-inhibited seedlings. Efflux-inhibited like also efficiently carrot suspension whereas alone not, 4-Cl-IAA significantly improved Brassica napus. Our data provides new insights action an inducer but shows replacing this improves different types leading a more synchronized homogenous regenerated plants.

Language: Английский

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Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of Coffea arabica Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 108 - 108

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Direct somatic embryogenesis represents a fundamental tool for obtaining genetically homogeneous clones; however, its commercial scaling faces critical challenges at various stages of the process. In this study, protocol is standardized induction and germination embryos from leaf segments, rooting, acclimatization four Coffea arabica hybrids: Casiopea, Excelencia, H3, Milenio. The results show that Casiopea Excelencia hybrids achieve highest rates (71.64% 74.43%) embryo production (8.74 10) per explant in M1 medium, while these values are significantly lower H3 addition, conversion into plantlets more efficient woody plant medium (WPM), rooting optimized using indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations between 1 mg L−1 3 L−1, regardless hybrid. During phase, treated with mycorrhizae exhibit improved morphological, physiological, nutritional indicators, achieving superior quality according to Dickson index. These findings reduce times by establishing precise standards each genotype, thereby overcoming existing gaps protocols providing solid foundation industrial growth.

Language: Английский

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A Comparative Study on Drought Stress Response In Vitro and In Vivo Propagated Fragaria Vesca Plants

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 145 - 145

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

The evaluation of plant responses to water deficit in the substrate, particularly context intensifying climate change, represents a critical factor for ensuring stable agricultural production, economic resilience, and food security. primary objective this study was compare physiological biochemical conventional cultivation Fragaria vesca plants propagated both vitro vivo. research encompassed measurements gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll “a” fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment proline content leaves, leaf relative index, total fruit yield, single weight, fresh dry mass root system, as well concentrations K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo. Additionally, ratio monovalent divalent cations roots, crowns analyzed. results revealed significant differences between experimental variants under optimal conditions their respective drought stress. Plants derived from cultures, despite exhibiting initially lower trait values, demonstrated higher yield potential (no difference compared 78% reduction). However, long-term lack caused greater damage system—a reduction traits 80% observed, maximum decrease 40% seedlings. highlight that environmental acclimatization process cultures can significantly influence adaptive productivity.

Language: Английский

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Cultivation of Siberian Motherwort Plants (Leonurus sibiricus L.) in In Vitro Culture

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 183 - 183

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

In this study, an attempt was made to micropropagate the Siberian motherwort (Leonurus sibiricus L.) in vitro cultures. The aim of study compare methods sterilization seeds, which served as a source initial explants induce culture and multiply shoots from isolated them. primary experiment were seeds. seeds placed on ½ MS medium without PGR enriched with GA3 at concentration 1 mg∙dm−3. addition stimulated their germination. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) 70% ethanol (C2H5OH) used sterilize NaClO for proper concentrations: 0.0% (1), 1.5% (2), 2% (3), 2.5% (4) 11 min. As secondary experiment, single-node fragments sterile seedlings derived used, medium, plant growth regulators (PGR) group auxins cytokinins. largest number live obtained variant To optimize procedure micropropagation, axillary Leonurus L. transferred during third passage onto nine different combinations medium: PGR-free concentrations BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) (0.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 mg∙dm−3) NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid) (1.0 mg∙dm−3). (9.62) forming supplemented 4 mg∙dm−3 NAA, while longest PGR. Induction rhizogenesis plants cultures achieved 0.5 IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). At stage adaptation ex conditions, high survival 90% by using solution salts (25%) irrigation.

Language: Английский

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In vitro callus induction and identification of DNA variation in Etlingera elatior using Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Ornamental Horticulture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Etlingera elatior is a promising ornamental horticultural species with various purposes such as medicinal, antibacterial agent, culinary, ornamental, and floral arrangement. The increasing demand for more variation has led to the improvements of E. via tissue culture technology. Somaclonal helps overcome lack this due asexual propagation. aims study are induce callus shoot detect genetic variations using ISSR markers. results showed that Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented glucose 1.5 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) 3 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) produced significantly higher percentage, 50% after 20 weeks culture. friable calluses were then transferred induction media containing different concentrations BAP, 1-naphthaleneacetic (NAA) thidiazuron (TDZ). After 12 in media, root-like structure was observed masses T11 (0.1 NAA 0.3 TDZ). Seven primers used evaluate calluses. Seventy-two bands generated, which 51 polymorphic an average percentage 72%. Jaccard’s coefficient similarity values recorded between 0.3529 0.4762 exhibited level among In short, explants affected by auxin cytokinin induction. markers revealed occurrence during processes, suggesting potential generate new variants

Language: Английский

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Portugal Gene Bank

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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From induction to innovation: investigating somaclonal variation induced by tissue culture and its role in advancing fruit crop improvement

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 161(1)

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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