Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1006 - 1006

Published: April 26, 2023

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated artery pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance. Underlying mechanisms comprise endothelial dysfunction, remodeling vasoconstriction. Several studies have shown evidence of the critical role oxidative stress in PH pathophysiology. Alteration redox homeostasis produces excessive generation reactive oxygen species, inducing subsequent alteration biological molecules. Exacerbations production can lead to alterations nitric oxide signaling pathways, contributing proliferation arterial cells smooth muscle cells, development. Recently, antioxidant therapy has been suggested as novel therapeutic strategy for pathology. However, favorable outcomes observed preclinical not consistently reproduced clinical practice. Therefore, targeting intervention an area that still being explored. This review summarizes contribution pathogenesis different types suggests promising treatment.

Language: Английский

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Protective effect and mechanism of Polygonatum kingianum against hypoxia-induced injury

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. e14353 - e14353

Published: March 1, 2023

Hypoxia is an essential cause of fatigue and aging, associated with the occurrence development many diseases. Polygonatum kingianum (PK) a deficiency-nourishing Chinese herbal medicine utilized as both food, it has long been used to ameliorate human conditions aging over 2000 years in China. PK important genuine-medicinal-materials cultivated Yunnan, China, by Bai, Wa, Zhuang nationalities traditional for enhancing immunity, anti-fatigue, anti-aging, while preventive effect on hypoxia-induced injury underlying mechanism are indefinite.The present study aimed evaluate anti-hypoxia efficacy understand corresponding water extract.The main active ingredients targets were predicted using network pharmacology, activities Gracillin Liquiritigenin verified vitro experiments. The pharmacodynamic experiments conducted major signal pathways detecting activity.Fifty 371 potential screened then, we confirmed that components exert vitro. revealed enhanced extension rate survival time (ERST) regulated targets-related biochemical parameters rats under hypoxia, showing significant effects rats.The pharmacology results suggested exerts its through multi-component multi-target manner. Simultaneously, also observed (saponins) (flavonoids) play role anti-hypoxia. could be scavenging excess free radicals, maintaining antioxidant enzymes, inhibiting oxidative stress due lipid peroxidation. These findings provide insight into promising medicines or healthcare products preventing treating hypoxia.

Language: Английский

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Potential therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine in acute mountain sickness: pathogenesis, mechanisms and future directions

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 4, 2024

Background and objectives Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a pathology with different symptoms in which the organism not adapted to environment that occurs under special of high altitude. Its main mechanism organism’s tissue damage caused by acute hypobaric hypoxia. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory focuses on holistic concept. TCM has made remarkable achievements treatment many sicknesses. This review outlines pathogenesis AMS modern traditional medicine, progress animal models AMS, summarizes therapeutic effects AMS. Methods Using keywords “traditional medicine,” “herbal “acute sickness,” “high-altitude pulmonary edema,” cerebral hypoxia,” “high-altitude,” all relevant literature published up November 2023 were collected from Scopus, Web Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, key information was analyzed. Results We systematically summarised hypoxia tissues organism, study methodology for establishment an model retrieved 18 proprietary medicines clinical The principle mainly invigorating qi, activating blood removing stasis. components botanical drugs include salidroside, ginsenoside Rg1, tetrahydrocurcumin. action through regulation HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibition inflammatory response oxidative stress, enhancement energy metabolism. Conclusion unclear. Still, formulas have been used treat multifaceted interventions, such as compound danshen drip pills, Huangqi Baihe granules, Rg1. These generally exert anti-AMS pharmacological inhibiting expression VEGF, concentration MDA pro-inflammatory factors, down-regulating NF-κB/NLRP3 promoting SOD Na + -K -ATPase activities, attenuates hypoxia-induced injury. comprehensively analyses application makes suggestions more in-depth studies future, aiming provide some ideas insights subsequent studies.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress-mediated protein sulfenylation in human diseases: Past, present, and future

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 76, P. 103332 - 103332

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) refer to a variety of derivatives molecular oxygen that play crucial roles in regulating wide range physiological and pathological processes. Excessive ROS levels can cause oxidative stress, leading cellular damage even cell demise. However, moderately elevated mediate the post-translational modifications (oxPTMs) redox-sensitive proteins, thereby affecting protein functions various signaling pathways. Among oxPTMs, ROS-induced reversible sulfenylation represents initial form cysteine oxidation for sensing redox signaling. In this review, we will summarize discovery, chemical formation, detection approaches sulfenylation. addition, highlight recent findings diseases, including thrombotic disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular neurodegenerative cancer.

Language: Английский

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Effects of altitude on the gut microbiome and metabolomics of Sanhe heifers

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Extreme environments at high altitudes pose a significant physiological challenge to animals. We evaluated the gut microbiome and fecal metabolism in Sanhe heifers from different altitudes.Twenty (body weight: 334.82 ± 13.22 kg, 15-month-old) selected two regions of China: Xiertala Cattle Breeding Farm Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia [119°57' E, 47°17' N; approximately 700 m altitude, low altitude (LA)] Zhizhao Dairy Cow Lhasa, Tibet [91°06' 29°36' 3,650 (HA)], were used this study. Fecal samples collected differences microbiota metabolomics determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing metabolome analysis.The results showed that did not significantly affect concentrations volatile fatty acids, including acetate, propionate, butyrate, total acids (p > 0.05). However, affected microbial composition. Principal coordinate analysis based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity revealed difference between groups = 0.001). At family level, relative abundances Peptostreptococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Family_XIII lower < 0.05) LA than HA heifers. In addition, Lachnospiraceae, Domibacillus, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Bacteroidales_RF16_group, Porphyromonadaceae, Spirochaetaceae higher Metabolomic enrichment 10 metabolic pathways, organismal systems, metabolism, environmental information processing, genetic disease induction. The genera Romboutsia, Paeniclostridium, g_unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae strongly associated with 28 differential metabolites. This study is first analyze reared provides insights into adaptation mechanism high-altitude areas.

Language: Английский

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Protective effects of the Terminalia bellirica tannin-induced Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rats with high-altitude pulmonary hypertension

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 6, 2023

Abstract Background Oxidative stress and endothelial cell dysfunction induced by high-altitude hypoxia have important roles in the pathological process of pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). Tannins present Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (TTR) pharmacological activities that produce oxidation resistance exert anti-inflammatory effects. Whether TTR exerts a protective effect on HAPH remains unknown. Methods A rat model was established. The mean arterial pressure (mPAP) animals measured, serum levels SOD, MDA, GSH-Px were measured using ELISA, expression Bax, Bcl-2, Nrf2, HO-1 proteins lung tissue each group rats Western blotting. Pathological changes also observed. damage to H 2 O -induced artery cells (PAECs) generated, proliferation CCK-8 assays. Flow cytometry used measure ROS PAECs. blotting detect Results hemodynamic pathologic findings showed mPAP increased markedly, vascular wall thickness ( P < 0.05). reduced mPAP, alleviated or slowed remodeling, SOD activity, lowered level MDA 0.05), downregulated Bax tissues rats, while upregulated results experiments inhibited PAEC apoptosis production PAECs, Conclusion suggest reduces pressure, decreases oxidative during HAPH, effects with its mechanism action is related regulation Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

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Identification of blood exosomal metabolomic profiling for high-altitude cerebral edema

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a severe neurological condition that can occur at high altitudes. It characterized by the accumulation of fluid in brain, leading to range symptoms, including headache, confusion, loss coordination, and even coma death. Exosomes play crucial role intercellular communication, their contents have been found change various diseases. This study analyzed metabolomic characteristics blood exosomes from HACE patients compared those healthy controls (HCs) with aim identifying specific metabolites or metabolic pathways associated development conditions. A total 21 were recruited for this study. Comprehensive profiling serum exosome samples was conducted using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS). Additionally, Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis performed identify affected patients. Twenty-six metabolites, ( +)-camphoric acid, choline, adenosine, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, deoxyguanosine guanosine, hypoxanthine-9-β-D-arabinofuranoside, among others, exhibited significant changes expression HCs. these differentially abundant confirmed be potential biomarkers HACE. KEGG revealed several significantly affect energy metabolism regulation (such as purine metabolism, thermogenesis, nucleotide metabolism), estrogen-related (the estrogen signaling pathway, GnRH pathway), cyclic cGMP-PKG cAMP hormone synthesis secretion (renin secretion, parathyroid synthesis, action, aldosterone secretion). In HACE, hypoxanthine-9-β-D-arabinofuranoside negatively correlated height. Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate weight BMI. LPE (18:2/0:0) pregnanetriol positively age. identified provided valuable insights into underlying mechanisms disease. These findings may lead targets early diagnosis therapeutic intervention

Language: Английский

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Sambucus nigra-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 85 - 85

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Background: Gentamicin (GM) administration is associated with decreased metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and induction of nephrotoxicity. Sambucus nigra L., containing flavonoids, anthocyanins, phytosterols, possesses antioxidant anti-inflammatory potential. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective potential lyophilized fruit extract (S. extract) reduce acute stress residual toxicity GM in a 7-day experimental model Balb/c rodents. Methods: S. was (300 rpm; 10 min; −45 °C) improve pharmacological properties. mice were divided into four (n = 6) groups: controls; per os (120 mg kg−1 day−1 bw); (200 bw) (4); + therapy. activities renal enzymes, cytokines, levels biomarkers—Hydroxiproline, CysC, GST, KIM-1, PGC-1α, MDA, GSPx—were analyzed by ELISA tests. ROS RNS levels, as well 5-MSL-protein oxidation, measured EPR spectroscopy. Results: antioxidant-protective effect kg−1) demonstrated reduced ROS, activation endogenous enzymes. Furthermore, significantly expression IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, KIM-1 regulated collagen/protein (PGC-1α albumin) deposition tissues. Conclusions: Histological evaluation confirmed that attenuated dysfunction structural damage modulating inflammation could be used an anti-fibrotic alternative

Language: Английский

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Eleutheroside B Ameliorates Cardiomyocytes Necroptosis in High-Altitude-Induced Myocardial Injury via Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 190 - 190

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of eleutheroside B (EB) in high-altitude-induced myocardial injury (HAMI) and unravel underlying molecular mechanisms. SD rats were used for vivo experiments. Following pretreatment with EB, exposed a hypobaric environment within chamber 48 h. Electrocardiograms, H&E staining, serum biochemical indices measured EB on HAMI. Immunofluorescence Western blotting utilized detect expression associated proteins. In parallel, hypoxic cell incubator establish an vitro model hypoxia-induced injury. The anti-necroptotic effect its potential mechanisms investigated verified vitro. Exposure hypoxia led electrocardiogram disorders, pathological changes tissue, increased concentrations BNP CK-MB, elevated levels oxidative stress indicators inflammatory factors. Additionally, necroptosis-related proteins upregulated. Pretreatment effectively ameliorated caused by hypoxia, mitigated inflammation, suppressed necroptosis. Furthermore, facilitated translocation Nrf2 into nucleus. conclusion, this provides evidence suggesting that may exert against HAMI inhibiting cardiomyocyte necroptosis via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

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Elucidating the potential role of quercetin in augmenting the acclimatization process via controlling high altitude induced redox imbalance in rats: a molecular approach

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100187 - 100187

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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