The Influence of Gut Microbiota on Oxidative Stress and the Immune System

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1388 - 1388

Published: May 8, 2023

The human gastrointestinal tract is home to a complex microbial community that plays an important role in the general well-being of entire organism. gut microbiota generates variety metabolites and thereby regulates many biological processes, such as regulation immune system. In gut, bacteria are direct contact with host. major challenge here prevent unwanted inflammatory reactions on one hand other ensure system can be activated when pathogens invade. Here REDOX equilibrium utmost importance. This controlled by either directly or indirectly via bacterial-derived metabolites. A balanced microbiome sorts for stable balance, whereas dysbiosis destabilizes this equilibrium. An imbalanced status affects disrupting intracellular signaling promoting responses. we (i) focus most common reactive oxygen species (ROS) (ii) define transition from state oxidative stress. Further, (iii) describe ROS regulating Thereafter, (iv) examine influence homeostasis how shifts pro- anti-oxidative cellular conditions suppress promote responses inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Nrf2 signaling pathway: current status and potential therapeutic targetable role in human cancers

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Cancer is a borderless global health challenge that continues to threaten human health. Studies have found oxidative stress (OS) often associated with the etiology of many diseases, especially aging process and cancer. Involved in OS reaction as key transcription factor, Nrf2 pivotal regulator cellular redox state detoxification. can prevent damage by regulating gene expression antioxidant response elements (ARE) promote process. generated an imbalance promotes accumulation mutations genome instability, thus establishment development different cancers. activation regulates plethora processes inducing proliferation, differentiation death, strongly OS-mediated What’s more, also involved anti-inflammatory effects metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative multidrug resistance. highly expressed multiple body parts digestive system, respiratory reproductive system nervous system. In oncology research, has emerged promising therapeutic target. Therefore, certain natural compounds drugs exert anti-cancer through signaling pathway, blocking pathway reduce some types tumor recurrence rates increase sensitivity chemotherapy. However, Nrf2’s dual role controversial impact cancer are inevitable consideration factors when treating this review, we summarized current biological characteristics its mechanism cells, discussed Keap1/Nrf2/ARE downstream genes, elaborated related pathways such AMPK/mTOR NF-κB. Besides, main target strategies using inhibitors or activators, well possible positive negative were reviewed. It be concluded serves important factor formation development, provides basis for targeted therapy

Language: Английский

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Mycotoxins in Food: Cancer Risks and Strategies for Control

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 3502 - 3502

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by fungi such as

Language: Английский

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Advances in Precision Medicine Approaches for Colorectal Cancer: From Molecular Profiling to Targeted Therapies

ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 967 - 990

Published: March 19, 2024

Precision medicine is transforming colorectal cancer treatment through the integration of advanced technologies and biomarkers, enhancing personalized effective disease management. Identification key driver mutations molecular profiling have deepened our comprehension genetic alterations in cancer, facilitating targeted therapy immunotherapy selection. Biomarkers such as microsatellite instability (MSI) DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) guide decisions, opening avenues for immunotherapy. Emerging liquid biopsies, artificial intelligence, machine learning promise to revolutionize early detection, monitoring, selection precision medicine. Despite these advancements, ethical regulatory challenges, including equitable access data privacy, emphasize importance responsible implementation. The dynamic nature with its tumor heterogeneity clonal evolution, underscores necessity adaptive strategies. future lies potential enhance patient care, clinical outcomes, understanding this intricate disease, marked by ongoing evolution field. current reviews focus on providing in-depth knowledge various diverse approaches utilized against at both biochemical levels.

Language: Английский

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Broccoli: A Multi-Faceted Vegetable for Health: An In-Depth Review of Its Nutritional Attributes, Antimicrobial Abilities, and Anti-inflammatory Properties

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1157 - 1157

Published: July 7, 2023

Broccoli, Brassica oleracea var. italica, has recently gained considerable attention due to its remarkable nutritional composition and numerous health benefits. In this review, the aspects of broccoli are examined, highlighting rich nutrient content essential bioactive compounds. The cruciferous vegetable is a source several important nutrients, including fiber, vitamins (A, C, K), minerals (calcium, potassium, iron), antioxidants. It also been shown contain compounds such as glucosinolates, sulforaphane, indole-3-carbinol, all which have significant health-promoting effects. These chemicals known potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer This review article aims comprehensively examine diverse spectrum nutrients contained in explore medicinal potential promote human health.

Language: Английский

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Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1255 - 1255

Published: June 11, 2023

Genetic, developmental, biochemical, and environmental variables interact intricately to produce sex differences. The significance of differences in cancer susceptibility is being clarified by numerous studies. Epidemiological research registries have revealed over the past few years that there are definite variations incidence, progression, survival. However, oxidative stress mitochondrial dysfunction also a significant impact on response treatment neoplastic diseases. Young women may be more protected from than men because most proteins implicated regulation redox state function under control sexual hormones. In this review, we describe how hormones activity antioxidant enzymes mitochondria, as well they affect several molecular pathways underlie gender-related discrepancies been identified better understood, which lead effective precision medicine vital information options for both males females with illnesses.

Language: Английский

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Mangiferin (mango) attenuates AOM-induced colorectal cancer in rat’s colon by augmentation of apoptotic proteins and antioxidant mechanisms

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Abstract Mangiferin (MF) is a natural C-glucosylxantone compound that has many substantial curative potentials against numerous illnesses including cancers. The present study's goal to appraise the chemo preventive possessions of MF on azoxymethane (AOM)-mediated colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Rats clustered into 5 groups, negative control (A), inoculated subcutaneously with normal saline twice and nourished 0.5% CMC; groups B-E injected 15 mg/kg followed by ingestion CMC (B, cancer control); intraperitoneal inoculation 35 5-fluorouracil (C, reference rats) or 30 (D) 60 (E) MF. Results gross morphology colorectal specimens showed significantly lower total ACF incidence MF-treated rats than controls. colon tissue examination increased availability bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, higher depletion submucosal glands compared treatment caused regulation pro-apoptotic (increased Bax) proteins reduced β-catenin) expression. Moreover, fed had glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations their homogenates. supplementation down-shifted pro-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-α interleukine-6) up-shifted anti-inflammatory (interleukine-10) based serum analysis. chemo-protective mechanistic AOM-induced ACF, shown values penetration, could be correlated its positive modulation apoptotic cascade, antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory originating from AOM oxidative stress insults.

Language: Английский

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TRIM28-Mediated Excessive Oxidative Stress Induces Cellular Senescence in Granulosa Cells and Contributes to Premature Ovarian Insufficiency In Vitro and In Vivo

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 308 - 308

Published: March 1, 2024

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical syndrome of dysfunction characterized by the abnormal alteration hormone levels such as FSH and E2. POI causes infertility, severe daily life disturbances, long-term health risks. However, underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that associated with cellular senescence granulosa cells, TRIM28 mediates oxidative stress (OS)-induced in cells. Mechanistically, OS decrease protein KGN Subsequently, it triggers an increase autophagy marker proteins ATG5 LC3B-II, downregulation P62. Abnormal induces markers γ-H2A.X, P16, P21, provoking vitro. The overexpression through microinjection lentivirus attenuated autophagy, senescence, follicular atresia ovaries mice improved mouse fertility vivo. Our study highlights for POI, where reduction TRIM28, which regulated reactive oxygen species, via triggering inducing cell senescence. Shedding light on may represent potential intervention strategy POI.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between Dietary Antioxidants, Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome: Their Putative Role in Inflammation and Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8250 - 8250

Published: July 28, 2024

The intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases underscores significance developing strategies to modulate GI microbiota for promoting human health. administration probiotics prebiotics represents a good strategy that enhances population beneficial bacteria in intestinal lumen post-consumption, which has positive impact on In addition, dietary fibers serve as significant energy source inhabiting cecum colon. Research articles reviews sourced from various global databases were systematically analyzed using specific phrases keywords investigate these relationships. There is clear association fiber intake improved colon function, gut motility, reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Moreover, state health reflected reciprocal bidirectional relationships among food, antioxidants, inflammation, body composition. They are known their antioxidant properties ability inhibit angiogenesis, metastasis, cell proliferation. Additionally, they promote survival, immune inflammatory responses, inactivate pro-carcinogens. These actions collectively contribute role prevention. different investigations, supplements containing vitamins have been shown lower risk types. contrast, some evidence suggests taking can increase cancer. Ultimately, collaborative efforts immunologists, clinicians, nutritionists, dietitians imperative designing well-structured nutritional trials corroborate clinical efficacy therapy managing inflammation preventing carcinogenesis. This review seeks explore interrelationships fiber, microbiome, with particular focus potential implications

Language: Английский

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Enhancing chemotherapy response prediction via matched colorectal tumor-organoid gene expression analysis and network-based biomarker selection

Translational Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 102238 - 102238

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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