Plant Foods and Their Bioactives as Dietary Enhancers for Colon Cancer Treatment with 5-Fluorouracil

Food Reviews International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 50

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Cancer is the world's second most common cause of death, with colon cancer (CC) ranking third in prevalence and cancer-related fatalities. CC originates or rectum influenced by genetic mutations, lifestyle, diet. Although chemotherapy, especially 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), fundamental to treatment has improved patient survival, its benefits are often limited significant side effects emerging drug resistance. Recently, plant-based foods have drawn interest research for their natural bioactive compounds relatively low toxicity. Certain plant not only exhibit anti-cancer activity but may also boost effectiveness 5-FU while reducing adverse effects. Despite evidence suggesting a synergistic effect between 5-FU, this area remains fragmented. This review consolidates current on including fruits, vegetables, legumes, tea bioactives treatment. Besides, it explores mechanisms through which these enhance efficacy reduce effects, evaluates clinical application prospects, identifies challenges future directions. comprehensive analysis aims provide scientific foundation integrated CC, highlighting potential enhancing chemotherapy associated toxicities.

Language: Английский

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Nobiletin reduces 5-FU-induced lung injury with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Abstract Like other chemotherapeutic agents, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) targets cancerous cells, but it also causes many unwanted side effects on healthy tissues and cells. Based the undesirable of 5-FU, aim this study was to determine how 5-FU affects lung tissue whether nobiletin has any protective effect. The consisted negative control, Nobiletin, Nobiletin + groups. groups received 10 mg/kg i.g. for 7 days. On day 8, 100 administered i.p. Biochemical immunohistochemical analyses were performed dissected at end study. caused growth retardation, disturbed oxidant-antioxidant balance by increasing MDA levels decreasing GSH levels, triggered cellular apoptosis Bax caspase-3 Bcl-2, increased inflammation damage NFκB IL-1β levels. However, determined that prevented disruption balance, showed significant anti-apoptotic effects, especially reducing partially modulating Bcl-2 exhibited anti-inflammatory supported normal development animals. Our results pretreatment activity inhibiting pathway in 5-FU-induced injury, suppressed oxidative stress with its antioxidant effective activity. In conclusion, been shown have an important potential fluorouracil-induced acting through multiple pathways. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Cardiotoxicity Associated With a Low Doses of 5-FU Promotes Morphoquantitative Changes in the Intrinsic Cardiac Nervous System

Cardiovascular Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Relieving 5-fluorouracil-associated testicular toxicity in rats: Investigating the therapeutic potential of arbutin

South African Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 179, P. 22 - 30

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Targeted Modulation of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Ameliorates 5‐Fluorouracil‐Induced Renal Injury in BALB/c Mice

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Background: The present study reports the protective effect conferred by scavenging mitochondrial oxidative stress (mtOS) in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced renal injury. Methods: 5-FU toxicity model was created administering (12 mg/kg b.w. intraperitoneally [i.p.], for 4 days) to male BALB/c mice. of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (MTA), Mito-TEMPO coadministered at a dosage 0.1 i.p., established terms levels/expressions injury markers, histopathological alterations, DNA damage, proinflammatory mtOS, dysfunction, and modulation apoptotic proteins cell death. Results: A significant rise levels serum urea, uric acid, creatinine noted after administration animals. Immunohistochemical ELISA findings demonstrated decrease podocin conversely increase neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression challenge. analysis further revealed Bowman's capsule dilation, glomerular condensation, vacuolar degeneration. treatment significantly lowered reversed expressions NGAL normal, restored normal histoarchitecture tissue. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), mtLPO, activity enzyme complexes, defense status were improved protected group as compared group. Further, decreased 8-OHdG, reduction death, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 group, indicating its against 5-FU-induced Conclusion: approach targeting mtOS using MTA, Mito-TEMPO, may prove safe adjuvant alleviating during chemotherapy.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic modulation of the motor neuron translatome during developmental synapse elimination

Science Signaling, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(882)

Published: April 15, 2025

The developmental sculpting of neuromuscular circuitry in early postnatal life occurs through the process synapse elimination: Supernumerary axon inputs are gradually eliminated from junction (NMJ), resulting each muscle fiber being innervated by a single terminal. Here, we investigated molecular pathways underlying this using ChAT-RiboTag mouse model which isolated ribosome-bound mRNAs motor neurons during elimination vivo. Analysis these translating ribosome affinity purification followed RNA sequencing (TRAP-seq) revealed dynamic changes neuron translatome over first 2 weeks life, were largely independent parallel transcriptional and correlated with progressive supernumerary inputs. Bioinformatic analysis identified distinct clusters transcripts that translated at specific time points elimination. Treating mice two small molecules predicted to independently target proteins or encoded transcript cluster associated neural metabolism increased rate Together, data provide cell type–specific overview temporal modifications occurring elimination, revealing rapid responses cues.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of Thymoquinone and Hesperidin in Attenuating Cardiotoxicity from 5-Fluorouracil: Insights from In Vivo and In Silico Studies

Toxics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 688 - 688

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used in chemotherapy but poses serious risks of cardiotoxicity, which can significantly affect treatment outcomes. Identifying interventions that prevent these adverse effects without undermining anticancer efficacy crucial. This study investigates the Thymoquinone (TQ) and Hesperidin (HESP) preventing cardiotoxicity induced by 5-FU Wistar rats elucidates molecular interactions through docking studies. We employed an experimental design involving multiple groups exposed to 5-FU, with concurrent administration TQ HESP. Cardiac function markers, oxidative stress indicators, inflammatory markers were assessed. Additionally, was analyze interaction HESP key proteins. Treatment not only lowered levels cardiac enzymes also improved antioxidant capacity reduced inflammation tissues. Notably, combination provided more significant protective than either agent alone. Molecular supported findings, showing effective binding targets. demonstrate potential as agents against 5-FU-treated rats, their combined use offering enhanced protection. These findings suggest a viable strategy for reducing associated chemotherapy.

Language: Английский

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Ulva pertusa Modulated Colonic Oxidative Stress Markers and Clinical Parameters: A Potential Adjuvant Therapy to Manage Side Effects During 5-FU Regimen

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 12988 - 12988

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

One of the most used chemotherapy agents in clinical practice is 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), a fluorinated pyrimidine category antimetabolite agents. 5-FU to treat variety cancers, including colon, breast, pancreatic, and stomach its efficacy lies direct impact on patient's DNA RNA. Specifically, mechanism blocks enzymes thymidylate synthetase uracil phosphatase, inhibiting synthesis uracil, which cannot be incorporated into nuclear cytoplasmic Despite being one drugs oncology, it associated with several significant side effects, inflammation mouth, loss appetite, reduction blood cells. In our study, we examined effects regimen administered at doses 15 mg/kg 6 for 14 days 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. On 14th day, rats were treated orally 2 weeks 100

Language: Английский

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Ameliorative Effect of N-Acetylcysteine Against 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Targeting TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(2), P. 335 - 335

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Background and Objectives: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely prescribed effective chemotherapeutic drug, but its cardiotoxic side effects pose significant challenge to use. Identifying protective agent that does not affect anticancer efficacy essential. Our study aimed investigate the cardioprotective effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) against 5-FU-induced cardiac injury elucidate underlying mechanisms. Materials Methods: This included four experimental groups, each with eight rats (n = 8): Group I (control group), II (NAC III (5-FU IV (combined group 5-FU+NAC). Cardiac enzymes, oxidative stress, inflammatory, apoptotic markers were investigated, sections from different groups histologically examined. Results: Co-treatment 5-FU NAC resulted in significantly lower levels enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) by 62.1%, aspartate (AST) 73.6%, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 55.8%, creatine kinase (CK) 57.3%) compared group, along marked improvements heart tissue histology. Additionally, enhanced activity antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD) 295.6%, catalase (CAT) 181%, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 320.9%) while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) 51.1%, marker membranous lipid peroxidation. might be due upregulation nuclear factor erythroid-2-related 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway at gene protein levels. The combined treatment decreased expression toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B-cell (NF-κB) pathway. Furthermore, it downregulated inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) 29.9%, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) 21.9%, interleukin-6 (IL-6) 49.3%. Moreover, upregulated antiapoptotic lymphoma (Bcl-2) 269% indicators Bcl-2-associated x (Bax) 57.9% caspase-3 30.6% group. Conclusions: confirmed prevented through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, properties, suggesting potential application as an adjuvant therapy chemotherapy alleviate cardiotoxicity.

Language: Английский

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Pathological Investigation of the Effect of Bovine Colostrum Against 5-FU-Induced Liver, Kidney, and Heart Toxicity in Rats

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 564 - 564

Published: March 31, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the possible histopathological and immunohistochemical effects of bovine colostrum (BC) against toxic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on liver, kidney, heart Wistar Albino rats. Animals were divided into three groups: control, 5-FU, 5-FU+BC. The control group received 2 mL/kg i.p. saline, 5-FU 100 mg/kg 5-FU+BC saline first day study. groups 1000 BC orally each Liver, tissues examined histopathologically for lesions expression TNF-α, HSP-27, CASP-3, 8-OHdG. No pathologic observed in group, whereas severe group. In less than examination, biomarker was not it At end study, that 5-FU-induced pathological findings decreased with use colostrum. difference between significant (p < 0.01 p 0.05, respectively). Although addition did show any statistical significance scores tissues, improved these tissues. Nevertheless, analyses showed visible improvements more studies are needed, is hoped will improve prognosis by both reducing side a good chemotherapeutic agent, its antineoplastic properties.

Language: Английский

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