Study on the mechanism of plant metabolites to intervene oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Diabetic retinopathy is the main microvascular complication of diabetes and first blinding eye disease in working-age population. Oxidative stress an important pathogenesis diabetic retinopathy. Plant metabolites can be divided into two types: primary secondary metabolites, are active components sources for developing new drugs. It has unique effect treatment However, research on intervention mechanism plant still relatively shallow, which limit application metabolites. With deepening research, more have been reported to play a role treating through anti-oxidative stress, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, etc. Therefore, this article reviewed potential last 10 years elucidated their action. We hope provide some references valuable resources development drugs

Language: Английский

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Diabetic retinopathy: New concepts of screening, monitoring, and interventions

Survey of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(6), P. 882 - 892

Published: July 3, 2024

The science of diabetes care has progressed to provide a better understanding the oxidative and inflammatory lesions pathophysiology neurovascular unit within retina (and brain) that occur early in diabetes, even prediabetes. Screening for retinal structural abnormalities, traditionally been performed by fundus examination or color photography; however, these imaging techniques detect disease only when there are sufficient lesions, predominantly hemorrhagic, recognized late process after significant neuronal apoptosis atrophy, as well microvascular occlusion with alterations vision. Thus, interventions have primarily oriented toward later-detected stages, clinical trials, while demonstrating slowing progression, demonstrate minimal visual improvement modest reduction continued loss over prolonged periods. Similarly, vision measurement utilizing charts detects problems function late, begins most often parafoveally increasing number progressive expansion, including into fovea. While acuity long used define endpoints such current methods reviewed herein found be imprecise. We review improved testing newer recommendation must utilized discover evaluate injury earlier process, prediabetic state. This would allow therapy ocular systemic pharmacologic treatments lower neuro-inflammatory processes eye brain. also may include newer, micropulsed laser that, if applied during cascade, should result normalized without adverse treatment effects standard photocoagulation therapy.

Language: Английский

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The Protective Role of Dietary Polyphenols in Urolithiasis: Insights into Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Action

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3753 - 3753

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

Urolithiasis is a common urological disease with increasing prevalence and high recurrence rates around the world. Numerous studies have indicated reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative stress (OS) were crucial pathogenic factors in stone formation. Dietary polyphenols are large group of natural antioxidant compounds widely distributed plant-based foods beverages. Their diverse health benefits attracted growing scientific attention recent decades. Many literatures reported effectiveness dietary against The antiurolithiatic mechanisms been explained by their potential to scavenge free radicals ROS, modulate expression activity endogenous prooxidant enzymes, regulate signaling pathways associated OS, maintain cell morphology function. In this review, we first describe OS its effects urolithiasis summarize classification sources polyphenols. Then, focus on current evidence defining formation put forward challenges future perspectives To conclude, offer applications treatment prevention urolithiasis.

Language: Английский

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Management of the Brain: Essential Oils as Promising Neuroinflammation Modulator in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 178 - 178

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Neuroinflammation, a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of various brain disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, has become focal point for therapeutic exploration. This review highlights neuroinflammatory mechanisms that hallmark diseases and potential benefits essential oils counteracting neuroinflammation oxidative stress, thereby offering novel strategy managing mitigating impact disorders. Essential oils, derived from aromatic plants, have emerged as versatile compounds with myriad health benefits. exhibit robust antioxidant activity, serving scavengers free radicals contributing to cellular defense against stress. Furthermore, showcase anti-inflammatory properties, modulating immune responses inflammatory processes implicated chronic diseases. The intricate by which phytomolecules exert their effects were explored, shedding light on multifaceted properties. Notably, we discussed ability modulate diverse pathways crucial maintaining homeostasis suppressing responses, capacity rescue cognitive deficits observed preclinical models neurotoxicity

Language: Английский

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Potential of Pterostilbene as an Antioxidant Therapy for Delaying Retinal Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 244 - 244

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Chronic hyperglycemia is a major driver of neurovascular damage in diabetic retinopathy (DR), leading cause preventable blindness adults. DR progression often undetected until its advanced stages, with oxidative stress recognized as primary contributor. In diabetes, disrupts retinal cellular balance, damaging proteins, DNA, and lipids, triggering photoreceptor degeneration. Pterostilbene (Pter), polyphenol antioxidant properties, has demonstrated protective effects animal models was assessed pilot clinical study. patients treated 250 mg/day oral Pter showed reduction the development vascular alterations characteristic disease. Urinary analyses confirmed Pter's role reducing lipid peroxidation polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including arachidonic adrenic acids, indicators DR. also improved GSH/GSSG ratio, reflecting restored redox balance. However, after six months without treatment, reappeared, highlighting importance sustained intervention. These findings suggest that may help slow by protecting against highlight implementing therapies from diagnosis although long-term impact consistent biomarkers deserve more research to optimize management.

Language: Английский

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Study on the Correlation between Tea and Diabetic Retinopathy

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(02), P. 790 - 797

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Protective effect of A-type ECG dimer on oxidative damage of retinal pigment epithelial cell

Food Bioscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106443 - 106443

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Nutrients and Natural Substances for Hypoglycemic Effects and Management in Diabetic Retinopathy

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1207 - 1207

Published: March 30, 2025

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a significant microvascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM), resulting in visual impairment and blindness. Controlling hyperglycemia essential for avoiding alleviating diabetic retinopathy. Nutrients natural compounds possessing hypoglycemic characteristics present promising supplementary approaches to conventional therapies. This review assesses the influence nutrients substances on glycemic regulation their possible effects To investigate consolidate knowledge about exhibiting properties processes prevention management Extensive reviews were conducted pertinent studies from databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web Science. Selection criteria encompassed papers that examined substances, nutrients, or dietary supplements blood glucose levels pathways associated Principal findings encapsulated according mechanisms, efficacy, safety. Numerous foods, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, polyphenols (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol), have by improving insulin sensitivity diminishing oxidative stress. Natural like berberine, quercetin, flavonoids demonstrate analogous effects, influencing with inflammation, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), angiogenesis, which are critical factors evolution (DR). The synergistic benefits integrating medicines antidiabetic medications may enhance control reduce retinal damage. safety profiles these therapies predominantly positive; nonetheless, clinical trials still constrained both breadth scale. therapy Additional research, encompassing extensive studies, required substantiate determine optimal dose, verify long-term use into practice improve comprehensive consequences.

Language: Английский

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From Vineyard to Vision: Efficacy of Maltodextrinated Grape Pomace Extract (MaGPE) Nutraceutical Formulation in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2850 - 2850

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Despite recent advances, pharmacological treatments of diabetic retinopathy (DR) do not directly address the underlying oxidative stress. This study evaluates efficacy a nutraceutical formulation based on maltodextrinated grape pomace extract (MaGPE), an stress inhibitor, in managing DR. A 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 99 patients with mild to moderate non-proliferative DR was conducted. The MaGPE group showed improvement best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) values at T3 (p < 0.001) and T6 0.01), reduction CRT (at T6, both p 0.0001) stabilization vascular perfusion percentage, slight increases (+3.0% +2.7% respectively, compared baseline). Additionally, levels reactive oxygen metabolite derivatives (dROMs) decreased from 1100.6 ± 430.1 UCARR T0 974.8 390.2 further 930.6 310.3 0.05 vs. T0). Similarly, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) 953.9 212.4 µEq/L 867.0 209.5 markedly 735.0 213.7 0.0001 These findings suggest that supplementation effectively reduces retinal swelling stress, contributing improved outcomes patients.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin in Diabetic Neuropathy and Retinopathy: Exploring Molecular Mechanisms

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(27), P. 2351 - 2361

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

: Diabetes mellitus poses a significant health challenge globally, often leading to debilitating complications, such as neuropathy and retinopathy. Quercetin, flavonoid prevalent in fruits vegetables, has demonstrated potential therapeutic effects these conditions due its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective properties. This review summarizes provides comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying efficacy quercetin ameliorating diabetic A thorough search was carried out across scientific databases, SciFinder, PubMed, Google Scholar, gather pertinent literature regarding effect on retinopathy till February 2024. Preclinical studies indicate that mitigates neuropathic pain, sensory deficits, nerve damage associated with by improving neuronal function, reducing DNA damage, regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, enhancing antioxidant enzyme levels endothelial well restoring injuries. In retinopathy, shows preserve retinal structure inhibiting neovascularization, preventing cell death, increasing neurotrophic factor levels. Moreover, through modulating key signaling pathways, AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) activation, Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT 4) upregulation, insulin secretion regulation, demonstrates oxidative stress inflammation, thereby protecting tissues. Despite promising preclinical findings, challenges, limited bioavailability, necessitate further research optimize quercetin’s clinical application order establish optimal dosage, formulation, long-term settings.

Language: Английский

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