Carnosine supplementation improves cognitive outcomes in younger participants of the NEAT trial

Neurotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e00541 - e00541

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Some prior studies suggested that supplementation with carnosine or β-alanine can improve cognitive abilities and neurodegenerative disorders in certain elderly at-risk populations. However, the efficacy of improving performance a healthy, adult population has not been assessed. We examined this as post-hoc secondary outcome placebo-controlled, randomized Nucleophilic Defense Against PM Toxicity (NEAT) clinical trial (NCT03314987). Participants were instructed to take either cornstarch (placebo) capsules (2g daily) for up 12wk. Cognitive ability was assessed using Cognition test battery, which consists ten individual tests known engage specific brain systems covering range domains. Speed, accuracy, efficiency obtained whole battery well each tests. Participant testing occurred at baseline, randomization, after approximately 6wk (Follow-up-1), 12wk (Follow-up-2). Of 299 participants who randomized, we useable measures 242 Follow-up-1 231 ​at Follow-up-2. Age-based stratification (23–35 years, 36–50 51–65 years), showed statistically significant improvements overall speed youngest age group stratum both follow-up visits. This same also demonstrated seven accuracy scores The other groups few no improvements. Thus, study largely devoid susceptibility factors pre-existing conditions, selectively improved high-level young individuals.

Language: Английский

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Disulfide stress and its role in cardiovascular diseases

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 103297 - 103297

Published: Aug. 3, 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes mortality in humans, and oxidative stress plays a pivotal role progression. This phenomenon typically arises from weakening cellular antioxidant system or excessive accumulation peroxides. review focuses on specialized form stress-disulfide stress-which triggered by an imbalance glutaredoxin thioredoxin systems within cell, to disulfide bonds. The genesis usually induced extrinsic pathological factors that disrupt thiol-dependent system, manifesting as sustained glutathionylation proteins, formation abnormal intermolecular bonds between cysteine-rich irreversible oxidation thiol groups sulfenic sulfonic acids. Disulfide not only precipitates collapse reactive oxygen species, exacerbating stress, but may also initiate inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis through cascade signaling pathways. Furthermore, this explores detrimental effects progression various CVDs including atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure. proposes several potential therapeutic avenues improve future treatment CVDs.

Language: Английский

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The role of potential oxidative biomarkers in the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and the exploration antioxidants as possible preventive and treatment options

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a non traumatic that occurs in certain part of the brain. It usually leads to brain cell damage. According large number experimental research, oxidative stress an important pathophysiological processes cerebral hemorrhage. In this paper, we aim determine how changes biomarkers indicate damage degree hemorrhage, and explore summarize potential treatments or interventions. We found patients with are characterized by increased levels markers, such as total malondialdehyde (MDA), F2 isoprostaglandin, hydroxynonenal, myeloperoxidase protein hydroxyl. Therefore, caused ICH on these markers can be used evaluate diagnose ICH, predict its prognosis, guide preventive treatment turn antioxidant based new alternative.

Language: Английский

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A fluorescent probe for progressive tracking glyoxal and sulfite and its application in food analysis and biological imaging

Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 339, P. 126290 - 126290

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Relationship between remnant cholesterol and the risk of diabetic microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: An observational study

Published: May 23, 2025

Background Diabetic microvascular complications (DMCs) are a major contributor to morbidity in type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet the role of remnant cholesterol (RC) their development remains unclear. This study aimed investigate association between RC levels and DMC risk patients with T2D. Methods prospective cohort was conducted using Mendelian randomization analysis data from United Kingdom Biobank, including 22,270 older adults T2D at baseline (median age: 61 y; 40% women). Participants were grouped according low, medium, high levels. The main outcome measures prevalence diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy based on hospital admissions mortality data. Results Increased significantly associated an increased composite (hazard ratio [HR] for highest vs. lowest tertiles = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.23), particularly nephropathy (HR 1.19, CI: 1.08–1.31) neuropathy 1.22, 1.04–1.43). revealed statistically significant causal relationships genetically predicted (p 0.035) 0.044). Restricted cubic spline nonlinear dose–response relationship retinopathy. Conclusions Elevated independently DMCs, neuropathy. results support nephropathy. These suggest potential as biomarker that it can aid early screening prediction damage.

Language: Английский

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The role of ALDHs in lipid peroxidation-related diseases

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 138760 - 138760

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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