Natural Product Heme Oxygenase Inducers as Treatment for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(24), P. 9493 - 9493

Published: Dec. 14, 2020

Heme oxygenase (HO) is a critical component of the defense mechanism to wide variety cellular stressors. HO induction affords protection through breakdown toxic heme into metabolites, helping preserve integrity. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathological condition by which accumulates fat. The incidence NAFLD has reached all-time high levels driven primarily obesity epidemic. NALFD can progress nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advancing further cirrhosis or cancer. also contributing factor cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. There are currently no drugs specifically treat NAFLD, with most treatments focused on lifestyle modifications. One emerging area for treatment use dietary supplements such as curcumin, pomegranate seed oil, milk thistle cold-pressed Nigella Satvia resveratrol, among others. Recent studies have demonstrated that several these natural attenuate hepatic lipid accumulation fibrosis in animal models. beneficial actions compounds associated oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Thus, targeting HO-1 dietary-supplements may be useful therapeutic either alone

Language: Английский

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Lutein Exerts Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Influences Iron Utilization of BV-2 Microglia

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 363 - 363

Published: Feb. 27, 2021

Lutein is a tetraterpene carotenoid, which has been reported as an important antioxidant and it widely used supplement. Oxidative stress participates in many human diseases, including different types of neurodegenerative disorders. Microglia, the primary immune effector cells central nervous system, are implicated these disorders by producing harmful substances such reactive oxygen species (ROS). The protective mechanisms scavenge ROS include enzymes substances. effects carotenoids against oxidative have described previously. Our study focuses on lutein enzymes, cytokines iron metabolism under conditions BV-2 microglia. We performed cell culture experiments: were treated with and/or H2O2; latter was for inducing microglial cells. Real-time PCR gene expression analyses ELISA detection pro- anti-inflammatory cytokines. results show that application suppressed H2O2-induced (10′: 7.5 ng + 10 µM H2O2, p = 0.0002; ng/µL 0.0007), influenced utilization changed pro-inflammatory cytokine secretions increased IL-10 compared to control (24 h: 0.0274; 0.0008) H2O2-treated 0.0003; 0.0003), while decreased TNFα H2O2 < 0.0001; 0.0001). These contribute understanding lutein, may help preventing or suppressing ROS-mediated microglia activation, related neuronal degeneration scenario.

Language: Английский

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Pathogenesis of Multiple Organ Failure: The Impact of Systemic Damage to Plasma Membranes

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: March 15, 2022

Multiple organ failure (MOF) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care patients, but mechanisms causing this severe syndrome are still poorly understood. Inflammatory response, tissue hypoxia, immune cellular metabolic dysregulations, endothelial microvascular dysfunction main features MOF, exact leading to MOF unclear. Recent progress membrane research suggests that plasma membranes play an important role key functions diverse organs. Exploration contributing damage repair suggest these processes can be missing link development MOF. Elevated levels extracellular phospholipases, reactive oxygen nitrogen species, pore-forming proteins (PFPs), dysregulation osmotic homeostasis occurring upon systemic inflammatory response inducers damage, which may simultaneously operate different organs their profound dysfunction. Hypoxia activates similar processes, they predominantly occur within cells targeting intracellular compartments ultimately cell death. To combat have developed several mechanisms, such as exocytosis, shedding, protein-driven remodeling. Analysis knowledge on reveals associated with potentially reversible quickly recovered, if pathological stimuli eliminated. Alternatively, it transformed a non-resolving phase, not sufficient deal large or extended essential for vital functions.

Language: Английский

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Protective Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids against Ang- II-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Brain Endothelial Cells: A Potential Role of Heme Oxygenase 2

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 160 - 160

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Objectives: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites released from gut microbiota, are altered during hypertension and obesity. SCFAs play a beneficial role in cardiovascular system. However, effect of on cerebrovascular endothelial cells is yet to be uncovered. In this study, we use brain investigate vitro heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2) mitochondrial function after angiotensin II (Ang-II) treatment. Methods: Brain human microvascular were treated with Ang-II (500 nM for 24 h) presence absence an cocktail (1 μM; acetate, propionate, butyrate) and/or HO-2 inhibitor (SnPP 5 μM). At end treatment, HO-2, markers (p-eNOS NO production), inflammatory (TNFα, NFκB-p50, -p65), calcium homeostasis, membrane potential, ROS H2O2, respiration determined all groups cells. Key Results: Our data showed that rescued Additionally, Ang-II-induced eNOS reduction potential impairment damage. On other hand, reduced inflammation, dysregulation, ROS, H2O2. All effects occurred through HO-2. Conclusions: treatment restored following oxidative stress. exert these by acting results opening door more studies SCFAs/HO-2 axis obesity-induced diseases.

Language: Английский

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A Review of the Relationship between the Immune Response, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and the Pathogenesis of Sickle Cell Anaemia

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2413 - 2413

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Sickle cell anaemia (SCD) is a life-threatening haematological disorder which predominant in sub-Saharan Africa and triggered by genetic mutation of the β-chain haemoglobin gene resulting substitution glutamic acid with valine. This leads to production an abnormal molecule called S (HbS). When deoxygenated, (HbS) polymerises results sickle-shaped red blood rigid has significantly shortened life span. Various reports have shown strong link between oxidative stress, inflammation, immune response, pathogenesis sickle disease. The consequence these processes development vasculopathy (disease vessels) several other complications. role system, particularly innate SCD become increasingly clear recent years research; however, little known about roles adaptive system this review examines interaction transfusion, their effects on anaemia.

Language: Английский

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Leishmanicidal and immunomodulatory activity of Terminalia catappa in Leishmania amazonensis in vitro infection

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. e24622 - e24622

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Leishmaniases are infectious-parasitic diseases that impact public health around the world. Antileishmanial drugs presented toxicity and increase in parasitic resistance. Studies with natural products show an alternative to this effect, several metabolites have demonstrated potential treatment of various diseases.

Language: Английский

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Linking Labile Heme with Thrombosis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 427 - 427

Published: Jan. 22, 2021

Thrombosis is one of the leading causes death worldwide. As such, it also occurs as major complications in hemolytic diseases, like uremic syndrome, hemorrhage and sickle cell disease. Under these conditions, red blood lysis finally leads to release large amounts labile heme into vascular compartment. This, turn, can trigger oxidative stress proinflammatory reactions. Moreover, heme-induced activation coagulation system was suggested a mechanism for initiation thrombotic events under conditions. Studies infusion subsequent reactions support this assumption. Furthermore, several direct effects on different cellular protein components were reported. However, are controversially discussed or not yet fully understood. This review summarizes existing reports its interference processes, emphasizing relevance considering context treatment thrombosis patients with disorders.

Language: Английский

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Carbon monoxide-triggered health effects: the important role of the inflammasome and its possible crosstalk with autophagy and exosomes

Archives of Toxicology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 95(4), P. 1141 - 1159

Published: Feb. 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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Dual role of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in Z-ligustilide-induced ferroptosis against AML cells

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 155288 - 155288

Published: Dec. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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The role of host defences in Covid 19 and treatments thereof

Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Sept. 29, 2020

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is a natural defence against the infections from enveloped RNA viruses and likely involved also in Covid 19. It was already shown to inhibit growth pathogenic mechanisms of variety it now found that circulating H S higher 19 survivors compared fatal cases. release triggered by carbon monoxide (CO) catabolism heme inducible oxygenase (HO-1) proteins possess catalytic activity necessary for signalling protein persulfidation. Subjects with long promoter HMOX1 gene, coding HO-1, are predicted lower efficiency this mechanism. SARS-cov-2 exerts ability attack hemoglobin other heme-proteins thus hampering both S. Lack S-induced persulfidation K ATP channels leucocytes causes adhesion inflammatory cytokines, lung infiltration systemic endothelial damage hyper-coagulability. These events largely explain sex age distribution, clinical manifestations co-morbidities Covid-19. The understanding mechanism may be guidance re-evaluating ongoing therapeutic strategies, special attention interaction mechanical ventilation, paracetamol chloroquine use, individuation genetic traits causing increased susceptibility disruption these physiologic processes critical Finally, an array interventions potential clinically modulate HO-1/CO/H axis available or under development. include CO donors boost endogenous production possible.

Language: Английский

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