Salivary biomarkers: novel noninvasive tools to diagnose chronic inflammation

International Journal of Oral Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: June 29, 2023

Abstract Several chronic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, heart disease and cancer are preceded by a state of low-grade inflammation. Biomarkers for the early assessment encompass acute phase proteins (APP), cytokines chemokines, pro-inflammatory enzymes, lipids oxidative stress mediators. These substances enter saliva through blood flow and, in some cases, there is close relation between their salivary serum concentration. Saliva can be easily collected stored with non-invasive cost-saving procedures, it emerging concept to use detection inflammatory biomarkers. To this purpose, present review aims discuss advantages challenges using standard cutting-edge techniques discover biomarkers which may used diagnosis/therapy several diseases consequences pursuit possibly replace conventional paths detectable soluble mediators saliva. Specifically, describes procedures collection, approaches measurement novel methodological strategies such as biosensors improve quality care chronically affected patients.

Language: Английский

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Classification of Skin Cancer Using Novel Hyperspectral Imaging Engineering via YOLOv5

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 1134 - 1134

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Many studies have recently used several deep learning methods for detecting skin cancer. However, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a noninvasive optics system that can obtain wavelength information on the location of cancer lesions and requires further investigation. Hyperspectral technology capture hundreds narrow bands electromagnetic spectrum both within outside visible range as well enhance distinction image features. The dataset from ISIC library was in this study to detect classify basis basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous (SCC), seborrheic keratosis (SK). divided into training test sets, you only look once (YOLO) version 5 applied train model. model performance judged according generated confusion matrix five indicating parameters, including precision, recall, specificity, accuracy, F1-score trained Two models, namely, narrowband (HSI-NBI) RGB classification, were built then compared understand HSI with Experimental results showed learn SCC feature better than original because more prominent or not captured other categories. recall rate models 0.722 0.794, respectively, thereby an overall increase 7.5% when using

Language: Английский

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Saliva as a potential non-invasive liquid biopsy for early and easy diagnosis/prognosis of head and neck cancer

Translational Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40, P. 101827 - 101827

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the most devastating diseases in India southeast Asia. It is a preventable curable disease if detected early. Tobacco alcohol consumption two major risk-factors but infection of high-risk HPVs also associated with development predominantly oral oropharyngeal carcinomas. Interestingly, unlike cervical cancer, HPV-induced HNSCCs show good prognosis better survival contrast, majority tobacco-associated HPV−ve highly aggressive poor clinical outcome. Biomarker analysis circulatory body-fluids for early cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring becoming important practice. Early diagnosis using non-invasive saliva or other plays an role successful prognosis. Saliva mirrors body's state health as it comes into direct contact lesions needs no trained manpower to collect, making suitable bio-fluid choice screening. can be used detect not only virus, bacteria biomarkers variety molecular genetic markers detection, diseases. The performance saliva-based diagnostics reported (≥95 %) sensitive specific indicating test's ability correctly identify true positive negative cases. This review focuses on potentials detection HPV pathogens identification reliable gene mutations, oral-microbiomes, metabolites, salivary cytokines, non-coding RNAs exosomal miRNAs. discusses importance reliable, cost-effective easy alternative invasive procedures.

Language: Английский

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The LOD paradox: When lower isn't always better in biosensor research and development

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 116670 - 116670

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Graphene Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Salivary Biomarker Detection: A Translational Approach to Oral Cancer Diagnostics

Nano TransMed, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100073 - 100073

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Review—Lab-in-a-Mouth and Advanced Point-of-Care Sensing Systems: Detecting Bioinformation from the Oral Cavity and Saliva

ECS Sensors Plus, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(2), P. 021603 - 021603

Published: June 1, 2022

Cavitas sensors and point-of-need capable of providing physical biochemical information from the oral cavity saliva have attracted great attention because they offer remarkable advantages for noninvasive sensing systems. Herein, we introduce basic anatomy physiology important body cavities to understand their characteristics as it is a pivotal foundation successful development in-mouth devices. Next, advanced in lab-in-a-mouth analyzing are explained. In addition, discuss integrations artificial intelligence electronic technologies smart networks healthcare This review ends with discussion challenges, future research trends, opportunities relevant disciplines. Mouthguard-based conventional salivary devices will continue be significant progress next-generation

Language: Английский

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Emerging histological and serological biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Applications in diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and personalized therapeutics (Review)

Oncology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(6)

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity and accounts for >90% all cancers. Despite advances in diagnostic procedures therapeutic interventions, overall survival has not improved significantly recent decades, primarily due to late diagnosis, locoregional recurrence treatment resistance. Identifying reliable biomarkers early detection, prognosis evaluation response prediction critical improving clinical outcomes patients with OSCC. In present review, prognostic predictive utility circulating biomarkers, such as tumour cells, serological histological genetic were explored context addition, potential role immune checkpoints OSCC was highlighted rapidly evolving field liquid biopsy its revolutionize examined. The existing evidence these critically evaluated challenges limitations associated their introduction into routine practice addressed. conclusion, review highlights promising current understanding pathogenesis offers avenues patient care through personalized medicine approaches.

Language: Английский

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Revolutionizing Oral Cancer Detection: An Approach Using Aquila and Gorilla Algorithms Optimized Transfer Learning-Based CNNs

Biomimetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 499 - 499

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

The early detection of oral cancer is pivotal for improving patient survival rates. However, the high cost manual initial screenings poses a challenge, especially in resource-limited settings. Deep learning offers an enticing solution by enabling automated and cost-effective screening. This study introduces groundbreaking empirical framework designed to revolutionize accurate automatic classification using microscopic histopathology slide images. innovative system capitalizes on power convolutional neural networks (CNNs), strengthened synergy transfer (TL), further fine-tuned novel Aquila Optimizer (AO) Gorilla Troops (GTO), two cutting-edge metaheuristic optimization algorithms. integration approach, addressing bias unpredictability issues commonly encountered preprocessing phases. In experiments, capabilities well-established pre-trained TL models, including VGG19, VGG16, MobileNet, MobileNetV3Small, MobileNetV2, MobileNetV3Large, NASNetMobile, DenseNet201, all initialized with 'ImageNet' weights, were harnessed. experimental dataset consisted Histopathologic Oral Cancer Detection dataset, which includes 'normal' class 2494 images 'OSCC' (oral squamous cell carcinoma) 2698 results reveal remarkable performance distinction between AO GTO, consistently outperforming GTO across models except Xception model. DenseNet201 model stands out as most accurate, achieving astounding average accuracy rate 99.25% 97.27% GTO. signifies significant leap forward automating detection, showcasing tremendous potential applying optimized deep realm healthcare diagnostics. our CNN-based not only pushes boundaries but also underscores transformative impact techniques field medical image analysis.

Language: Английский

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Salivary biomarkers for early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and head/neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Japanese Dental Science Review, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 32 - 39

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Oral cancer became a very common condition. WHO estimates that there are 4 cases of lip and oral cavity for every 100,000 people worldwide. The early diagnosis cancers is currently top focus in the health sector. Recent systematic reviews meta-analyses have identified promising biomarkers detection several original research investigations. However, it still unclear quality these evidence which biomarker performs best terms detection. Therefore, objective was, to map methodological reporting available squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) or head/neck (HNSCC) meta-analysis. Secondly, evaluate diagnostic accuracy salivary craniofacial compare value different biomarkers. PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Embase Cochrane Library electronic databases were used meta-analysis conducted on HNSCC, OSCC using AMSTAR-2 checklist. inclusion criteria published topic HNSCC Exclusion no animal studies; primary studies, due limitation competency other languages articles with language than English excluded. sensitivity specificity calculated ranked according network principles. A total N = 5893 patients included from four studies. All together, n 37 94 pooled categorised into stages at they detected (I-IV). In OSCC, Chemerin MMP-9 displayed highest sensitivity, registering 0.94 (95% CI 0.78, 1.00) balanced 0.93. Phytosphingosine closely followed, 0.91 0.68, 0.99) 0.87. For three Actin, IL-1β Singleplex, IL-8 ELISA. Actin leads 0.68-0.99), 0.67, an overall 0.79. Subsequently, Singleplex exhibits 0.62 0.30-0.88), 0.89, 0.75, followed by ELISA 0.81 0.54-0.97), 0.59, 0.70. conclusion, was chemerin There need further more studies identify OSCC.

Language: Английский

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Wearable electrochemical sensors for real-time monitoring in diabetes mellitus and associated complications

Soft Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: April 22, 2024

This comprehensive review underscores the pivotal role wearable electrochemical sensors play in proactive management and prevention of diabetes mellitus (DM) its associated complications. Acknowledging substantial impact DM on individuals urgency for effective monitoring strategies, have emerged as a pragmatic solution. These can detect analytical signals from biofluids, including sweat, tears, saliva, interstitial fluid (ISF), employing minimally invasive techniques facilitated by technological advancements. The seamless integration these with computational platforms such smartphones enhances their practicality routine use. systematically explores diverse methodologies, encompassing both enzymatic non-enzymatic principles, employed surveillance analytes within biofluids. foundational principles are meticulously applied to devices, affording point-of-care solutions catering detection individual or simultaneous multiplexed analyte detection. wireless systems incorporation machine learning algorithms introduce layer sophistication, elevating capability nuanced Through an in-depth analysis advancements, this describes significant potential essential tool real-time managing DM. approaches presented underscore adaptability, versatility, inherent efficacy addressing multifaceted challenges intrinsic complications academic discourse.

Language: Английский

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