Non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Insights into regulatory mechanisms, clinical significance, and therapeutic potential DOI Creative Commons

Han Qin,

Mengchen Wang,

Xi Dong

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex and heterogeneous malignancy with high incidence poor prognosis. In addition, owing to the lack of diagnostic prognostic markers, current multimodal treatment options fail achieve satisfactory outcomes. Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, metastasis, metabolism, drug resistance are important factors influencing tumor development therapy. The intercellular communication these processes mediated by variety bioactive molecules regulate pathophysiological in recipient cells. Among molecules, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long (lncRNAs), circular (circRNAs), account for large part human transcriptome, their dysregulation affects progression HCC. purpose this review evaluate potential regulatory mechanisms ncRNAs HCC, summarize novel biomarkers from somatic fluids (plasma/serum/urine), explore some small-molecule modulators as drugs. Thus, through review, we aim contribute deeper understanding mechanisms, early diagnosis, prognosis, precise

Language: Английский

Apoptosis Deregulation and the Development of Cancer Multi-Drug Resistance DOI Open Access
Christiana M. Neophytou, Ioannis P. Trougakos, Nuray Erin

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(17), P. 4363 - 4363

Published: Aug. 28, 2021

The ability of tumor cells to evade apoptosis is established as one the hallmarks cancer. deregulation apoptotic pathways conveys a survival advantage enabling cancer develop multi-drug resistance (MDR), complex phenotype referring concurrent toward agents with different function and/or structure. Proteins implicated in intrinsic pathway apoptosis, including Bcl-2 superfamily and Inhibitors Apoptosis (IAP) family members, well their regulator, suppressor p53, have been development MDR many types. PI3K/AKT pivotal promoting proliferation often overactive tumors. In addition, microenvironment, particularly factors secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts, can inhibit reduce effectiveness anti-cancer drugs. this review, we describe main alterations that occur apoptosis-and related promote MDR. We also summarize therapeutic approaches against resistant tumors, targeting small molecule inhibitors IAPs or AKT natural origin may be used monotherapy combination conventional therapeutics. Finally, highlight potential exploitation epigenetic modifications reverse phenotype.

Language: Английский

Citations

240
Therapy resistance: opportunities created by adaptive responses to targeted therapies in cancer DOI
Marilyne Labrie, Joan S. Brugge, Gordon B. Mills

et al.

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 323 - 339

Published: March 9, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

223
The role of epigenetic modifications in drug resistance and treatment of breast cancer DOI Creative Commons
Mohsen Karami Fath, Ali Azargoonjahromi,

Arash Kiani

et al.

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: June 28, 2022

Abstract Background Breast cancer is defined as a biological and molecular heterogeneous disorder that originates from breast cells. Genetic predisposition the most important factor giving rise to this malignancy. The notable mutations in occur BRCA1 BRCA2 genes. Owing disease heterogeneity, lack of therapeutic target, anti-cancer drug resistance, residual disease, recurrence, researchers are faced with challenges developing strategies treat patients cancer. Results It has recently been reported epigenetic processes such DNA methylation histone modification, well microRNAs (miRNAs), have potently contributed pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment These observations persuaded move their approaches beyond genetic framework toward concept. Conclusion Herein we discuss mechanisms underlying progression resistance various aspects epigenetic-based therapies monotherapy combined immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

88
MicroRNAs as regulators of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy: targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways DOI Creative Commons

Arefeh Zabeti Touchaei,

Sogand Vahidi

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 10, 2024

Abstract Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the power of immune system to eliminate tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block negative regulatory signals that prevent T cells from attacking cells. Two key ICIs target PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, which includes programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor death (PD-1). Another ICI targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). While have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various malignancies, only a subset patients respond favorably. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression, play crucial role modulating checkpoints, including CTLA-4. This review summarizes latest advancements immunotherapy, highlighting therapeutic potential targeting CTLA-4 checkpoints miRNAs these pathways. Consequently, understanding complex interplay between is essential for developing more effective personalized immunotherapy strategies treatment. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

32
A systematic review of non-coding RNA therapeutics in early clinical trials: a new perspective against cancer DOI Creative Commons
Katia Grillone, Giulio Caridà, Francesco Luciano

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Aug. 5, 2024

Targeting non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long (lncRNAs), has recently emerged as a promising strategy for treating malignancies other diseases. In recent years, the development of ncRNA-based therapeutics targeting protein-coding genes also gained momentum. This review systematically examines ongoing completed clinical trials to provide comprehensive overview emerging landscape therapeutics. Significant efforts have been made advance ncRNA early studies. The most advanced conducted with small interfering (siRNAs), miRNA replacement using nanovector-entrapped mimics, or silencing by antisense oligonucleotides. While siRNA-based already received FDA approval, inhibitors, lncRNA-based are still under evaluation in preclinical We critically discuss rationale methodologies strategies illustrate this rapidly evolving field.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
lncRNA-microRNA axis in cancer drug resistance: particular focus on signaling pathways DOI
Raed Obaid Saleh, Mushtak T.S. Al-Ouqaili,

Eyhab Ali

et al.

Medical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(2)

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

19
The Role of miRNA in Tumor Immune Escape and miRNA-Based Therapeutic Strategies DOI Creative Commons
Zhengjia Zhang,

Qingcai Huang,

Liuchunyang Yu

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Tumor immune escape is a critical step in the malignant progression of tumors and one major barriers to immunotherapy, making immunotherapy most promising therapeutic approach against today. cells evade surveillance by altering structure their own, or causing abnormal gene protein expression, allowing for unrestricted development invasion. These genetic epigenetic changes have been linked microRNAs (miRNAs), which are important determinants post-transcriptional regulation. perform tumor abnormally expressing related miRNAs, reduce killing effect cells, disrupt response, apoptotic pathways. Consequently, there strong trend toward thoroughly investigating role miRNAs utilizing them treatment. However, because properties an urgent need safe, targeted easily crossed biofilm vehicle protect deliver vivo , exosomes, with excellent biological properties, successfully beaten traditional vehicles provide support miRNA therapy. This review summarizes multiple roles discusses potential applications as anti-tumor Also, this work proposes exosomes new opportunity therapy, novel ideas more effective tumor-fighting approaches based on miRNAs.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
The Clinical Utility of lncRNAs and Their Application as Molecular Biomarkers in Breast Cancer DOI Open Access
Cristian Arriaga-Canon, Laura Contreras‐Espinosa, Sergio Aguilar-Villanueva

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(8), P. 7426 - 7426

Published: April 18, 2023

Given their tumor-specific and stage-specific gene expression, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated to be potential molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response. Particularly, the lncRNAs DSCAM-AS1 GATA3-AS1 serve as examples of this because high subtype-specific expression profile in luminal B-like breast cancer. This makes them candidates use clinical practice. However, lncRNA studies cancer are limited sample size restricted determination biological function, which represents an obstacle its inclusion utility. Nevertheless, due specificity among diseases, such cancer, stability body fluids, promising that could improve reliability, sensitivity, techniques used diagnosis. The development lncRNA-based diagnostics therapeutics will useful routine medical practice patient management quality life.

Language: Английский

Citations

38
Current Understanding on Why Ovarian Cancer Is Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors DOI Open Access
Anna Pawłowska, Anna K. Rekowska, Weronika Kuryło

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(13), P. 10859 - 10859

Published: June 29, 2023

The standard treatment of ovarian cancer (OC) patients, including debulking surgery and first-line chemotherapy, is unsatisfactory because recurrent episodes in the majority (~70%) patients with advanced OC. Clinical trials have shown only a modest (10-15%) response OC individuals to based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). resistance therapy caused by various factors, heterogeneity, low density tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), non-cellular cellular interactions tumor microenvironment (TME), as well network microRNA regulating pathways. Moreover, ICIs are most efficient tumors that marked high microsatellite instability mutation burden, which rare among patients. great challenge ICI implementation connected distinguishing hyper-, pseudo-, real progression disease. understanding immunological, molecular, genetic mechanisms crucial selecting group whom personalized would be beneficial. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about selected factors inducing discuss future directions ICI-based immunotherapy development for

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential DOI Creative Commons

Ya-Nan Pi,

Wen-Cai Qi,

Bairong Xia

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 6, 2021

Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) is considered a revolutionary advance in the fight against cancer. The complexity of immune microenvironment determines success or failure CIT. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) an extremely versatile molecule that can interact with RNA, DNA, proteins to promote inhibit expression protein-coding genes. LncRNAs are expressed many different types cells and regulate both innate adaptive immunity. Recent studies have shown discovery lncRNAs provides novel perspective for studying regulation tumor (TIME). Tumor associated change escape recognition elimination by system. LncRNA induces formation immunosuppressive through related pathways, thereby controlling tumors from surveillance promoting development metastasis drug resistance. Using lncRNA as therapeutic target strategy improving efficacy immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

52