Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) Systematic Literature Review

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for (WCRF/AICR) Third Expert Report, including studies up to 2015, determined 'limited-no conclusion' evidence on dietary patterns and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk due insufficient data varying pattern definitions. This updated review synthesized literature CRC risk/mortality. PubMed Embase were searched through 31 March 2023 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) prospective cohort adulthood patterns. Patterns categorized by derivation method: a priori, posteriori, or hybrid; then descriptively reviewed in relation the primary outcomes: mortality. Global Update Programme Committee Panel independently graded likelihood of causality using pre-defined criteria. Thirty-two scores from 53 observational three RCTs reviewed. 'Limited-suggestive' was concluded higher alignment with priori-derived patterns: Mediterranean, healthful plant-based index, Healthy Eating Index (HEI)/alternate HEI (AHEI), Dietary Approaches Stop Hypertension (DASH) lower risk. Common features across these diets included high food intake limited red/processed meat. Hybrid-derived Empirical Pattern Hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) Inflammatory (EDIP) showed 'strong-probable' increased Evidence low-fat interventions posteriori-derived as conclusion'. By subsite, Mediterranean diet 'limited-suggestive' rectal risk, HEI/AHEI DASH colon risks. EDIH EDIP All exposure-mortality pairs other pattern-outcome associations highlights role risk/mortality, providing insights future research public health strategies. registered at PROSPERO CRD42022324327 (Link: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022324327).

Language: Английский

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Decoding the genetic and environmental forces in propelling the surge of early-onset colorectal cancer

Chinese Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

Abstract Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) shows a different epidemiological trend compared to later-onset cancer, with its incidence rising in most regions and countries worldwide. However, the reasons behind this remain unclear. The etiology of EOCRC is complex could involve both genetic environmental factors. Apart from Lynch syndrome Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, sporadic exhibits broad spectrum pathogenic germline mutations, polymorphisms, methylation changes, chromosomal instability. Early-life exposures risk factors, including lifestyle dietary have been found be associated risk. Meanwhile, specific chronic diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, EOCRC. Interactions between factors also explored. Here we present findings narrative review studies on assessment early-life exposures, EOCRC-specific their interactions susceptible loci. We results genome-wide association that used perform Mendelian randomization analyses ascertain potential causal links

Language: Английский

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The comparison of risk factors for colorectal neoplasms at different anatomical sites

International Journal of Colorectal Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Abstract Aim Both the clinical manifestation and molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC) vary according to anatomical site. We explored risk factors for four groups neoplasms (CRN) at different sites. Methods extracted data from database Tianjin Colorectal Cancer Screening Program 2010 2020. According CRN sites, patients were divided into groups: proximal colon group, distal rectum multiple Binary logistic regression analysis was used explore differences in Results The numbers with colon, rectum, sites 4023, 6920, 3657, 7938, respectively. Male sex associated a higher rectum. Advanced age obesity also significantly overall risk, but there some between men women. Smoking only both Frequent alcohol consumption family history CRC first-degree relatives (FDRs) multisite males. Conclusions observed advanced age, obesity, smoking, consumption, neoplasms. These by gender.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Analysis of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review

Journal of the Anus Rectum and Colon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 241 - 249

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), which refers to CRC diagnosed in individuals below the age of 50 years, is a growing health concern that presents unique challenges diagnosis, treatment, and long-term outcomes. Although approximately 70% early-onset cases are sporadic, with no apparent family history, 25% have familial component, up 20% may be associated germline mutations, indicating higher prevalence compared general population. Despite progress identifying environmental, molecular, genetic risk factors CRC, underlying causes for global increase its incidence remain unclear. This comprehensive review aims provide thorough analysis by examining trends incidence, clinical pathological characteristics, factors, molecular profiles, prognosis screening strategies. By deepening our understanding significant advances related improving outcomes alleviating burden this disease on individuals, families, healthcare systems can achieved.

Language: Английский

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Factors influencing advanced colorectal neoplasm anatomic site distribution in China: An epidemiological study based on colorectal cancer screening data

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(24), P. 22252 - 22262

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Abstract Objective Existing studies indicate that advanced colorectal neoplasms exhibit distinct clinical and biological traits based on anatomical sites. However, in China, especially for neoplasms, there's limited information available these traits. Our primary objective is to comprehensively study the characteristics of neoplasm patients different sites China. Methods We selected from cancer screening database Tianjin, since 2010 as subject. chose valid 3113 with comprehensive data diagnosed (ANs) a pool 19,308 individuals be included study. then conducted further analysis examine correlation between epidemiological tumor location. Results Among patients, left side colon accounted largest proportion, while right had smallest followed by rectal neoplasms. The highest proportion was found among men. In age group 39–49 years old, late‐stage equal increased age. Smoking, drinking, history first‐degree relatives showed statistically significant associations location distribution A appendicitis, appendectomy, cholecystitis, or cholecystectomy did not significantly affect such histories, there relationship those rectum. Similar results were observed BMI. Conclusion research findings demonstrate display unique depending their locations, distinctions deviate Western populations. These insights contribute more understanding topic offer valuable guidance future advocate investigations centered enhance precision (CRC) treatment.

Language: Английский

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The relationship between physical activity, self-efficacy and quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Discover Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

This study aimed to investigate the current situation and factors influencing physical activity, self-efficacy, quality of life in Chinese colorectal cancer survivors. Additionally, this explored associations between life.

Language: Английский

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Carbohydrate quality, not quantity, linked to reduced colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in US populations: evidence from a prospective study

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 5, 2024

Abstract Background Carbohydrates have been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the specific impact of carbohydrate quality and quantity on CRC susceptibility US populations remains unclear. Methods We followed 101,694 participants from Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. The index (CQI) low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDs) were used to evaluate daily separately, where higher scores indicated greater adherence. Cox proportional hazards regression was compute HRs 95% CIs for incident related death. Subgroup analyses conducted identify potential effect modifiers. Results During follow-up, we documented 1085 cases CRC, whom 311 died CRC. Individuals highest compared with lowest quartiles CQI had a lower incidence (Q4 vs Q1: HR 0.80, CI 0.67–0.96, P trend = 0.012) mortality 0.61, 0.44–0.86, 0.004). inverse association between risk observed distal colon rectum not proximal cancer. Regarding mortality, this only significant LCDs. No associations found LCDs or mortality. Conclusions Our findings suggest focusing quality, rather than restricting quantity, consumption may be an effective approach reduce population, particularly rectal cancers.

Language: Английский

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Uncovering newly identified aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genetic variants that lead to acetaldehyde accumulation after an alcohol challenge

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Background Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is critical for alcohol metabolism by converting acetaldehyde to acetic acid. In East Asian descendants, an inactive genetic variant in ALDH2, rs671 , triggers flushing response due accumulation. As not exclusive those of descent, we questioned whether additional ALDH2 variants can drive facial and inefficient using human testing biochemical assays. Methods After IRB approval, subjects were given challenge (0.25 g/kg) while quantifying levels the physiological (heart rate skin temperature) alcohol. Further, employing techniques including purified proteins transiently transfected NIH 3T3 cells, characterized two newly identified enzymatic activity, dimer/tetramer formation, reactive oxygen species production after treatment. Results Humans heterozygous rs747096195 (R101G) or rs190764869 (R114W) had a 2-fold increase levels, (E504K) 6-fold relative wild type carriers. vitro studies with recombinant R101G R114W enzyme showed reduced efficiency that unique when compared E504K wild-type ALDH2. The effect caused lack functional formation decreased V max both R114W. Transiently NIH-3T3 cells also activity ~ 50% subjected alcohol, 2-3-fold respect Conclusions We humans causing accumulation consumption. use associated several-fold higher risk esophageal cancer variant, methodology developed here characterize lead way precision medicine strategies further understand interplay consumption, genetics, cancer.

Language: Английский

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Capacity of a Microbial Synbiotic To Rescue the In Vitro Metabolic Activity of the Gut Microbiome following Perturbation with Alcohol or Antibiotics

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89(3)

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

The human gut microbiome contributes crucial bioactive metabolites that support health and is sensitive to perturbations from the ingestion of alcohol antibiotics. We interrogated response recovery microbes after acute or broad-spectrum antibiotic administration in a model simulating luminal mucosal colonic environment with an inoculated microbiome. Both treatments reduced production major short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (acetate, propionate, butyrate), which are established modulators health. Treatment microbial synbiotic restored enhanced function. Butyrate acetate increased by up 29.7% 18.6%, respectively, relative untreated, dysbiotic samples. In parallel, treatment led increases abundances beneficial commensal organisms not found (e.g., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii urolithin-producing organism Gordonibacter pamelaeae) as well species present Bifidobacterium infantis), suggesting synergistic interactions between supplemented native microorganisms. These results lead us conclude functional shifts microbiome, evaluated both metabolite specific taxonomic compositional changes, appropriate metric assess "recovery" following dysbiosis-inducing disruption. Overall, these findings execution randomized clinical studies determine whether can help restore function IMPORTANCE disruptions common stressors such consumption treatment. this study, we used vitro system modeling investigate stress. find complex community treated antibiotics showed levels acids, critical molecules produced healthy microbiota. stressed communities resulted SCFA increase abundance organisms. Our suggest has potential stress merits further investigation studies.

Language: Английский

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A novel prognostic model based on urea cycle-related gene signature for colorectal cancer

Frontiers in Surgery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in world. This study aimed to develop a urea cycle (UC)-related gene signature that provides theoretical foundation for prognosis and treatment patients with CRC.Differentially expressed UC-related genes CRC were confirmed using differential analysis Venn diagrams. Univariate Cox least absolute shrinkage selection operator regression analyses performed identify prognostic genes. A was created distinct datasets. Independent predictors authenticated analysis. The Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets RNA Transcripts algorithm Spearman method applied probe linkage between tumor immune-infiltrating cells. Human Protein Atlas database used determine protein expression levels normal tissues. Verification clinical tissue samples real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).A total 49 DEUCRGs mined. Eight (TIMP1, FABP4, MMP3, MMP1, CD177, CA2, S100P, SPP1) identified construct signature. then affirmed an external validation set. risk score demonstrated be credible independent predictor Functional enrichment revealed focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, IL-17 signaling pathway, nitrogen metabolism associated Immune infiltration correlation significant immune cells two subgroups. Finally, qPCR results further public database.Taken together, this developed CRC, which will great significance identification molecular biomarkers, prediction, development strategies CRC.

Language: Английский

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