Vimentin: Regulation and pathogenesis

Biochimie, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 197, P. 96 - 112

Published: Feb. 11, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Heterogeneity and plasticity of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis: Focusing on partial EMT and regulatory mechanisms

Cell Proliferation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(6)

Published: Feb. 19, 2023

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or mesenchymal-epithelial (MET) plays critical roles in cancer metastasis. Recent studies, especially those based on single-cell sequencing, have revealed that EMT is not a binary process, but heterogeneous and dynamic disposition with intermediary partial states. Multiple double-negative feedback loops involved by EMT-related transcription factors (EMT-TFs) been identified. These between drivers MET finely regulate the state of cell. In this review, general characteristics, biomarkers molecular mechanisms different states were summarized. We additionally discussed direct indirect tumour More importantly, article provides evidence heterogeneity closely related to poor prognosis gastric cancer. Notably, seesaw model was proposed explain how cells themselves remain specific states, including epithelial state, hybrid/intermediate mesenchymal state. Additionally, also review current status, limitations future perspectives signalling clinical applications.

Language: Английский

---

Circulating tumor cells: from new biological insights to clinical practice

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Abstract The primary reason for high mortality rates among cancer patients is metastasis, where tumor cells migrate through the bloodstream from original site to other parts of body. Recent advancements in technology have significantly enhanced our comprehension mechanisms behind bloodborne spread circulating (CTCs). One critical process, DNA methylation, regulates gene expression and chromosome stability, thus maintaining dynamic equilibrium Global hypomethylation locus-specific hypermethylation are examples changes methylation patterns that pivotal carcinogenesis. This comprehensive review first provides an overview various processes contribute formation CTCs, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), immune surveillance, colonization. We then conduct in-depth analysis how modifications within CTCs impact each these stages during CTC dissemination. Furthermore, we explored potential clinical implications with cancer. By understanding epigenetic modifications, can gain insights into metastatic process identify new biomarkers early detection, prognosis, targeted therapies. aims bridge gap between basic research application, highlighting significance context metastasis offering avenues improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

---

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Rhus coriaria extract and their anticancer activity against triple-negative breast cancer cells

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 12, 2024

Abstract The growing interest in using plant extracts for the biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) stems from their facile, eco-friendly, and biologically safe approach instead chemical routes. For first time, ZnO NPs were successfully biosynthesized Rhus coriaria fruit aqueous extract as a reducing capping agent. Characterization revealed that possessed maximum absorbance approximately 359 nm closely resembled hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure, with an average size 16.69 nm. transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed presence spherical morphologies, grain 20.51 ± 3.90 Moreover, elemental composition synthesized was assessed via energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), phytocompounds on surface subsequently verified through FT-IR analysis. ζ-potential recorded at − 19.9 0.1663 mV. Regarding anti-cancer properties, found to possess potent anti-tumor effects MCF-7 MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Their efficacy dose-dependent, IC 50 values ranging 35.04–44.86 μg/mL 55.54–63.71 µg/mL Mechanistic studies cells apoptosis induction, validated by DAPI staining, confocal microscopy, Annexin V/PI showing 12.59% 81.57% ½ values, respectively. Additionally, observed provoke S-phase arrest inhibit colony-forming metastatic potential modulating metastasis-related genes. This study unravels new insights into how cell death metastasis, revealing prospects nanotechnology.

Language: Английский

---

Cancer-associated fibroblasts: Vital suppressors of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 35 - 48

Published: July 22, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Contribution of Autophagy to Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Induction during Cancer Progression

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 807 - 807

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a dedifferentiation process implicated in many physio-pathological conditions including tumor transformation. EMT regulated by several extracellular mediators and under certain it can be reversible. Autophagy conserved catabolic which intracellular components such as protein/DNA aggregates abnormal organelles are degraded specific lysosomes. In cancer, autophagy plays controversial role, acting different both suppressor tumor-promoting mechanism. Experimental evidence shows that deep interrelations exist between autophagy-related pathways. Although this interplay has already been analyzed previous studies, understanding mechanisms the translational implications of autophagy/EMT need further study. The role not limited to morphological changes, but activation could important DNA repair/damage system, cell adhesion molecules, proliferation differentiation processes. Based on this, related pathways now considered targets for cancer therapy. review article, contribution progression discussed. This article also describes multiple connections their implication treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Emerging insights into keratin 7 roles in tumor progression and metastasis of cancers

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Keratin 7 (KRT7), also known as cytokeratin-7 (CK-7) or K7, constitutes the principal constituent of intermediate filament cytoskeleton and is primarily expressed in simple epithelia lining cavities internal organs, glandular ducts, blood vessels. Various pathological conditions, including cancer, have been linked to abnormal expression KRT7. KRT7 overexpression promotes tumor progression metastasis different human cancers, although mechanisms these processes caused by yet be established. Studies indicated that suppression leads rapid regression tumors, highlighting potential a novel candidate for therapeutic interventions. This review aims delineate various roles played malignancies investigate its prognostic significance cancer treatment. Finally, differential diagnosis cancers based on emphasized.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring new frontiers: cell surface vimentin as an emerging marker for circulating tumor cells and a promising therapeutic target in advanced gastric Cancer

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(1)

Published: April 30, 2024

Abstract Background Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) hold immense promise in guiding treatment strategies for advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, their clinical impact has been limited due to challenges identifying epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-CTCs using conventional methods. Methods To bridge this knowledge gap, we established a detection platform CTCs based on the distinctive biomarker cell surface vimentin (CSV). A prospective study involving 127 GC patients was conducted, comparing enumeration both EpCAM and CSV. This approach enabled of regular EMT-CTCs, providing comprehensive analysis. Spiking assays WES were employed verify reliability marker technique. explore potential inducer CSV + formation, combination Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics, m 6 RNA immunoprecipitation–qPCR (MeRIP–qPCR), single-base elongation- ligation-based qPCR amplification method (SELECT) sequencing (RNA-seq) utilized screen confirm target gene. Both vitro vivo experiments performed molecular mechanism expression regulation its role metastasis. Results Our findings revealed predicting therapeutic responses long-term prognosis patients. Additionally, compared EpCAM-based method, CSV-specific positive selection assay significantly better evaluating response successfully predicted disease progression 14.25 months earlier than radiology evaluation. Apart from excellent as marker, emerges promising attenuating It found that fat mass obesity associated protein (FTO) could act catalyst insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) mRNA decay through modification. The activation IGF-I/IGF-IR signaling enhanced translocation cytoplasm phosphorylation at serine 39 (S39). In mouse model, simultaneous inhibition blockade IGF-IR pathway yielded outcomes. Conclusion summary, leveraging universal represents significant breakthrough advancing personalized medicine with GC. research not only paves way tailored but also underscores pivotal enhancing management, opening new frontiers precision medicine.

Language: Английский

---

From Crypts to Cancer: A Holistic Perspective on Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 9463 - 9463

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health burden, with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Recent progress in research highlights the distinct clinical molecular characteristics of colon versus rectal cancers, underscoring tumor location's importance treatment approaches. This article provides comprehensive review our current understanding CRC epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, management strategies. We also present intricate cellular architecture colonic crypts their roles intestinal homeostasis. carcinogenesis multistep processes are described, covering conventional adenoma-carcinoma sequence, alternative serrated pathways, influential Vogelstein model, which proposes sequential

Language: Английский

---

Molecular Complexity of Colorectal Cancer: Pathways, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Strategies

Cancer Management and Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 1389 - 1403

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a diverse disease entity and leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. CRC results from the accumulation multiple genetic epigenetic alterations. This heterogeneity underscores significance understanding its molecular landscape, as variations in tumor genetics can greatly influence both patient prognosis therapeutic response. The complexity defined by three major carcinogenesis pathways: chromosomal instability (CIN), microsatellite (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). These pathways contribute to onset progression through mutations, modifications, dysregulated cellular signalling networks. heterogeneous nature continues pose challenges identifying universally effective treatments, highlighting need for personalized approaches. Hence, present review aims at unravelling that essential improving diagnosis, prognostication, treatment. We detail on current framework CRC, central associated with initiation malignant phenotype, further invasion, progression, metastases, response therapy. Continued research into CRC's biomarkers will pave way development more precise strategies, ultimately outcomes. Keywords: colorectal cancer, mechanisms, pathways, instability, adenomatous polyposis coli,

Language: Английский

---