Signaling pathways in rheumatoid arthritis: implications for targeted therapy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an incurable systemic autoimmune disease. Disease progression leads to joint deformity and associated loss of function, which significantly impacts the quality life for sufferers adds losses in labor force. In past few decades, RA has attracted increased attention from researchers, abnormal signaling pathways are a very important research field diagnosis treatment RA, provides evidence understanding this complex disease developing novel RA-linked intervention targets. The current review intends provide comprehensive overview including general introduction disease, historical events, epidemiology, risk factors, pathological process, highlight primary progress various molecular mechanisms, genetic epigenetic summarize most recent developments identifying new inhibitors treating RA. therapeutic interventions approved drugs, clinical pre-clinical cutting-edge technologies. These will hopefully drive strategically targeted therapies hope ideas options future.

Language: Английский

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Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Molecular Mechanisms of Joint Destruction and Pharmacological Treatments

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 2871 - 2871

Published: March 6, 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a variety of symptoms and pathologies often presenting with polyarthritis. The primary symptom in the initial stage joint swelling due to synovitis. With progression, cartilage bone are affected cause deformities. Advanced osteoarticular destruction deformation can irreversible physical disabilities. Physical disabilities not only deteriorate patients’ quality life but also have substantial medical economic effects on society. Therefore, prevention progression important task. Recent studies progressively improved our understanding molecular mechanism which synovitis caused immune disorders results activation osteoclasts; activated osteoclasts turn para-articular osteoporosis. In this paper, we review mechanisms metabolism under physiological RA conditions, describe therapeutic intervention against bone.

Language: Английский

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Role of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage in rheumatoid arthritis and targeted drugs

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, pannus formation, and bone cartilage damage. It has a high disability rate. The hypoxic microenvironment of RA joints can cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation mitochondrial damage, which not only affect the metabolic processes immune cells pathological changes in fibroblastic but also upregulate expression several inflammatory pathways, ultimately promoting inflammation. Additionally, ROS damage are involved angiogenesis destruction, thereby accelerating progression. In this review, we highlighted effects on response, angiogenesis, RA. summarized therapies that target or mitochondria to relieve symptoms discuss gaps research existing controversies, hoping provide new ideas for area insights targeted drug development

Language: Английский

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Current pharmacological therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, factors for its effectiveness and associated complications: systematic review

Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation / Rehabilitacion Interdisciplinaria, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 76 - 76

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune, and systemic inflammatory disease that mainly affects diarthrodial joints. Its global prevalence 0,5-1 % in adults, increasing to 5 women over 55 years old. RA reduces the quality of life expectancy by 3-10 years, due associated cardiovascular diseases. Current treatment based on initiating early disease-modifying therapy with goal suppressing inflammation, inducing remission, preventing joint damage, improving functionality. Antirheumatic medications include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, non-biological immunosuppressants like methotrexate, biological immunomodulators such as anti-TNF or anti-interleukins, which have shown high clinical effectiveness. However, there individual variability therapeutic response, adverse effects, loss efficacy time. This study conducted systematic literature review following PRISMA methodology. The search was performed PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, using MESH terms keywords related rheumatoid arthritis, treatments, effectiveness, prognostic factors. Studies published between 2015-2022 were included, ultimately selecting 30 articles met eligibility criteria. objective this compile synthesize available evidence currently used therapies for factors success, most frequently reported complications effects. results contribute enhancing strategies, considering personalized approach each patient's needs.

Language: Английский

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AIF1: Function and Connection with Inflammatory Diseases

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 694 - 694

Published: May 9, 2023

Macrophages are a type of immune cell distributed throughout all tissues an organism. Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1) is calcium-binding protein linked to the activation macrophages. AIF1 key intracellular signaling molecule that participates in phagocytosis, membrane ruffling and F-actin polymerization. Moreover, it has several type-specific functions. plays important roles development diseases: kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases neurological disorders, transplants. In this review, we present comprehensive review known structure, functions role diseases.

Language: Английский

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Limosilactobacillus reuteri in immunomodulation: molecular mechanisms and potential applications

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Frequent use of hormones and drugs may be associated with side-effects. Recent studies have shown that probiotics effects on the prevention treatment immune-related diseases. Limosilactobacillus reuteri ( L. ) had regulatory intestinal microbiota, host epithelial cells, immune cytokines, antibodies (Ab), toll-like receptors (TLRs), tryptophan (Try) metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, expression related genes, exhibits antibacterial anti-inflammatory effects, leading to alleviation disease symptoms. Although specific composition cell-free supernatant (CFS) has not been clarified, its efficacy in animal models drawn increased attention potential use. This review summarizes flora regulation, discusses feasibility application atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), provides insights for

Language: Английский

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“Smart” stimuli-responsive biomaterials revolutionizing the theranostic landscape of inflammatory arthritis

Materials Today Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 102178 - 102178

Published: July 1, 2024

Inflammatory arthritis is a growing worldwide concern, afflicting millions of individuals and leading to depreciating quality life, significant morbidity, subsequent healthcare burden. Conventional therapies for inflammatory often hold limitations, including systemic cross-reactivities, side effects, inadequate management inflammation. Therefore, "Smart" stimuli-responsive biomaterials are materialized as promising theranostic approaches management. These designed specific external internal stimulation, enabling the sustained release bioactive therapeutic agents during local or administration. Stimuli-responsive allow precise spatiotemporal control over drug release, minimizing exposure, reducing off-target real-time monitoring pathological conditions, driving potential breakthrough in managing arthritis. Owing this prominence, review article expounds on emerging prospects targeting molecular signatures associated with intricately elicit minimal no contradictory effects. In addition, application these disease progression multi-stimuli-responsive comprehended show progress diagnosis treatment. This "single-platted" comprehensive acquaintance clinical-based outcomes navigates microenvironment, proposing an optimistic avenue personalized effective minimized

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic delivery systems for rheumatoid arthritis based on hydrogel carriers

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 115300 - 115300

Published: March 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advances in research on immunocyte iron metabolism, ferroptosis, and their regulatory roles in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(7)

Published: July 4, 2024

Abstract Autoimmune diseases commonly affect various systems, but their etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Currently, increasing research has highlighted the role of ferroptosis in immune regulation, with cells being a crucial component body’s system. This review provides an overview discusses relationship between ferroptosis, programmed cell death cells, autoimmune diseases. Additionally, it summarizes key targets such as GPX4 TFR, responses. Furthermore, release multiple molecules, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), following by is examined, these molecules further influence differentiation function thereby affecting occurrence progression Moreover, secrete factors or metabolites, which also impact target organs tissues involved Iron chelators, chloroquine its derivatives, antioxidants, calreticulin have been demonstrated to be effective animal studies for certain diseases, exerting anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory effects. Finally, brief summary future perspectives on are provided, aiming guide disease treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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A New Strategy in Modulating the Protease-Activated Receptor 2 (Par2) in Autoimmune Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 410 - 410

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Autoimmune diseases are complex conditions characterized by immune-mediated tissue damage and chronic inflammation. Protease-activated receptor 2 (Par2) has been implicated in these diseases, exhibiting dual roles that complicate its therapeutic potential. This review examines the perplexing functions of Par2, which promotes inflammation through immune cell activation while facilitating healing damaged organs. By analyzing findings across diverse autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, we highlight how context location Par2 determine effects. Recent studies from our laboratory have resolved some contradictions distinguishing Par2’s tissue-reparative functions. These insights pave way for context-specific strategies, such as selective modulators, can mitigate enhancing repair. However, achieving precision modulation remains a significant challenge, necessitating further research into signaling pathways. underscores complexity transformative potential disease management, offering nuanced perspective on duality implications.

Language: Английский

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