Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 30, 2024
Male
infertility
affects
10–15%
of
couples
globally,
with
azoospermia
—
complete
absence
sperm
accounting
for
15%
cases.
Traditional
diagnostic
methods
are
subjective
and
variable.
This
study
presents
a
novel,
noninvasive,
accurate
method
using
surface-enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
(SERS)
combined
machine
learning
to
analyze
seminal
plasma
exosomes.
Semen
samples
from
healthy
controls
([Formula:
see
text])
azoospermic
patients
were
collected,
their
exosomal
SERS
spectra
obtained.
Machine
algorithms
employed
distinguish
between
the
profiles
samples,
achieving
an
impressive
sensitivity
99.61%
specificity
99.58%,
thereby
highlighting
significant
spectral
differences.
integrated
approach
offers
sensitive,
label-free,
objective
tool
early
detection
monitoring
azoospermia,
potentially
enhancing
clinical
outcomes
patient
management.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: April 9, 2024
Introduction
Azoospermia,
characterized
by
an
absence
of
sperm
in
the
ejaculate,
represents
most
severe
form
male
infertility.
While
surgical
retrieval
obstructive
azoospermia
(OA)
is
successful
majority
cases,
patients
with
non-obstructive
(NOA)
show
rates
only
about
50%
and
thus
frequently
have
unnecessary
surgery.
Surgical
intervention
could
be
avoided
if
without
preserved
spermatogenesis
are
identified
preoperatively.
This
prospective
study
aimed
to
discover
biomarkers
seminal
plasma
that
employed
for
a
non-invasive
differential
diagnosis
OA/NOA
order
rationalize
surgery
recommendations
improve
success
rates.
Methods
All
signed
written
informed
consent,
underwent
comprehensive
andrological
evaluation,
received
human
genetics
exclude
relevant
pathologies,
retrieval.
Using
label-free
LC-MS/MS,
we
compared
proteomes
samples
from
fertile
men
(healthy
controls
(HC),
n=8)
infertile
diagnosed
1)
OA
(n=7),
2)
NOA
(mixed
testicular
atrophy
(MTA),
n=8),
3)
(Sertoli
cell-only
phenotype
(SCO),
n=7).
Relative
abundance
changes
two
candidate
markers
retrieval,
HSPA2
LDHC,
were
confirmed
Western
Blot.
Results
We
found
protein
expression
levels
42
proteins
significantly
down-regulated
(p
≤
0.05)
SCO
relative
HC
whereas
one
was
MTA
patients.
Analysis
tissue
cell
suggested
testis-specific
PGK2,
DPEP3,
germ-cell
enriched
heat-shock
HSPA4L
promising
spermatogenic
function.
blotting
revealed
lower
LDHC
(SCO
MTA)
controls.
Discussion
The
results
indicate
certain
when
measured
plasma,
serve
as
indicators
presence
testis
predict
Used
conjunction
conventional
clinical
assessments,
these
proteomic
may
assist
idiopathic
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: April 16, 2024
Recent
advancements
in
reproductive
medicine
have
guided
novel
strategies
for
addressing
male
infertility,
particularly
cases
of
non-obstructive
azoospermia
(NOA).
Two
prominent
invasive
interventions,
namely
testicular
sperm
extraction
(TESE)
and
microdissection
TESE
(micro-TESE),
emerged
as
key
techniques
to
retrieve
gametes
assisted
reproduction
technologies
(ART).
Both
heterogeneity
complexity
NOA
pose
a
multifaceted
challenge
clinicians,
the
invasiveness
these
procedures
their
unpredictable
success
underscore
need
more
precise
guidance.
Seminal
plasma
can
be
aptly
regarded
liquid
biopsy
tract,
encompassing
secretions
from
testes,
epididymides,
seminal
vesicles,
bulbourethral
glands,
prostate.
This
fluid
harbors
variety
cell-free
nucleic
acids,
microvesicles,
proteins,
metabolites
intricately
linked
gonadal
activity.
However,
despite
numerous
investigations
exploring
potential
biomarkers
fluid,
widespread
inclusion
into
clinical
practice
remains
limited.
could
partially
due
complex
interplay
diverse
genetic
factors
inherent
that
likely
contributes
absence
definitive
residual
spermatogenesis.
It
is
conceivable
integration
data
with
increase
predicting
surgical
procedure
outcomes
choice
cases.
comprehensive
review
addresses
retrieval
through
non-invasive
biomarkers.
Moreover,
we
delve
promising
perspectives,
elucidating
innovative
approaches
grounded
multi-omics
methodologies,
including
genomics,
transcriptomics
proteomics.
These
cutting-edge
techniques,
combined
genetics
features
patients,
improve
use
personalized
medical
approaches,
patient
counseling,
decision-making
continuum.
Finally,
Artificial
intelligence
(AI)
holds
significant
realm
combining
data,
also
context
identifying
retrieval.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(11), P. 3147 - 3147
Published: May 27, 2024
Infertility
represents
a
significant
global
health
challenge
impacting
millions
of
couples
worldwide.
Approximately
half
all
infertile
exhibit
compromised
semen
quality,
indicative
diminished
male
fertility.
While
the
diagnosis
infertility
traditionally
relies
on
analysis,
its
limitations
in
providing
comprehensive
assessment
reproductive
have
spurred
efforts
to
identify
novel
biomarkers.
Seminal
plasma,
complex
fluid
containing
proteins,
lipids,
and
metabolites,
has
emerged
as
rich
source
such
indicators.
Reproduction
depends
heavily
seminal
primary
transporter
chemicals
from
glands.
It
provides
non-invasive
sample
for
urogenital
diagnostics
demonstrated
potential
identification
biomarkers
linked
illnesses
system.
The
abundance
proteins
enabled
deeper
understanding
their
biological
functions,
origins,
differential
expression
various
conditions
associated
with
infertility,
including
azoospermia,
asthenozoospermia,
oligozoospermia,
teratozoospermia,
among
others.
true
prevalence
is
understated
due
current
diagnostic
techniques.
This
review
critically
evaluates
landscape
plasma
utility
assessing
infertility.
Βy
bridging
gap
between
research
clinical
practice,
integrative
offers
multimodal
approach
comprehensively
evaluate
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Feb. 19, 2025
Abstract
Sox30
has
recently
been
demonstrated
to
be
a
key
regulator
of
spermatogenesis.
However,
the
precise
roles
in
testis
remain
largely
unclear.
Here,
specific
functions
testicular
cells
were
determined
by
single-cell
sequencing
and
confirmed
via
pathological
analyses.
loss
appears
damage
all
different
extents.
chiefly
drives
differentiation
primary
spermatocytes.
deficiency
causes
spermatocyte
arrest
at
early
phase
meiosis
I,
with
nearly
no
normally
developing
second
spermatocytes
three
new
-subclusters
emerging.
In
addition,
seems
play
important
mature
phenotypes
Sertoli
Leydig
cells,
proliferation
spermatogonia.
The
developmental
trajectory
germ
begins
spermatogonia
splits
into
two
branches,
Sox30-null
wild-type
placed
divergent
ends.
An
opposite
subclusters
is
observed,
followed
incomplete
development
spermatid
mice.
clearly
alters
intercellular
cross-talk
major
dysregulates
transcription
factor
networks
primarily
involved
cell
differentiation.
Mechanistically,
have
similar
terminal
that
are
mainly
spermatogenic
among
performs
these
crucial
through
preferential
regulation
signalling
pathways.
Our
study
describes
exact
highlights
meiotic
cells.
UroPrecision,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Abstract
Ten
percent
of
infertile
males
have
azoospermia,
classified
into
obstructive
and
nonobstructive
types,
which
require
specific
medical
or
surgical
treatments.
In
advancements
in
microsurgery
allow
for
effective
sperm
retrieval
about
half
cases.
This
review
aimed
to
highlight
the
most
recent
studies
utilizing
whole
exome
sequencing
(WES)
seminal/serum
biomarkers
aim
predict
micro‐dissection
testicular
extraction
(micro‐TESE)
outcomes
reduce
failure
rates.
WES
identifies
rare
genetic
mutations
affecting
spermatogenesis
that
could
explain
micro‐TESE
failures,
improving
preoperative
assessments.
Despite
its
potential,
is
limited
by
high
costs.
Biomarkers
such
as
Anti‐Müllerian
Hormone
testis‐expressed
sequence
101
protein
can
indicate
spermatogenic
activity,
though
standardization
these
measurements
needed
accuracy.
Additionally,
microRNAs
non‐invasive
markers
offer
potential
assessing
reserve
classifying
azoospermia
but
their
efficacy
identifying
disorders
remains
under
researched,
necessitating
further
on
multivariate
miRNA
models.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: May 19, 2025
Purpose
Male
infertility,
a
complex
multifactorial
condition,
is
frequently
caused
by
asthenozoospermia
(AZS).
Although
osteopontin
(OPN)
has
been
implicated
in
mammalian
reproduction,
its
specific
effects
on
sperm
motility
and
fertility
are
not
well
understood.
This
study
investigates
the
relationships
between
seminal
plasma
OPN
levels
parameters
cases
of
male
infertility.
Methods
A
total
158
semen
samples
were
analyzed,
comprising
78
from
infertile
men
with
AZS
80
healthy
fertile
controls.
concentrations
measured
using
ELISA
method.
Additionally,
we
assessed
vitro
effect
patients
Results
Significantly
lower
observed
compared
to
controls
(
P
<0.0001).
discriminated
groups,
an
area
under
curve
0.793.
treatment
significantly
improved
group,
enhancing
progressive
motility,
as
kinematic
concentration-dependent
manner.
Conclusions
established
link
level
individuals
AZS,
suggesting
potential
biomarker
for
supplement
assisted
reproductive
techniques.
Journal of Reproductive Healthcare and Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5, P. 2 - 2
Published: March 22, 2024
The
reproductive
lifespan
of
an
individual
is
a
critical
determinant
their
health,
population
dynamics,
and
aging.
Research
has
established
clear
association
between
environmental
air
pollution,
particulate
matter
(PM),
health.
Recent
studies
have
focused
on
the
impact
pollution
male
Chronic
or
acute
exposure
to
airborne
PM0.1,
PM2.5,
PM10
been
found
trigger
mitochondrial
oxidative
stress,
double-strand
DNA
breaks,
epigenetic
modifications,
endocrine
disruption
in
tract
functions.
Consequently,
identifying
validating
PM-associated
predictive
biomarkers,
including
genes,
transcripts,
epimutations,
proteins,
metabolites,
hold
promise
for
improving
efficiency.
Omics-based
techniques,
such
as
next-generation
sequencing,
comparative
genomic
hybridization,
genome-wide
studies,
single-cell
RNA
microarray
analysis,
mass
spectroscopy,
2D
gel
electrophoresis,
Raman
near-infrared
nuclear
magnetic
resonance,
provided
crucial
insights
into
pathological
mechanisms
underlying
pollution-related
health
issues.
This
article
presents
comprehensive
assessment
existing
evidence
this
field,
offering
methodical
examination
findings
that
immense
potential
addressing
adverse
effects
