The role of histone modifications: from neurodevelopment to neurodiseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 6, 2022

Abstract Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA expression, play critical roles in cell differentiation organ development through spatial temporal gene regulation. Neurogenesis is a sophisticated complex process by which neural stem cells differentiate into specialized brain types at specific times regions of the brain. A growing body evidence suggests that epigenetic such as modifications, allow fine-tuning coordination spatiotemporal expressions during neurogenesis. Aberrant modifications contribute to neurodegenerative neuropsychiatric diseases. Herein, recent progress understanding regulating embryonic adult neurogenesis comprehensively reviewed. The implicated diseases are also covered, future directions this area provided.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics: A Threat for Male Fertility

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. 2392 - 2392

Published: March 1, 2021

Much of the planet is swimming in discarded plastic, which harming animal and possibly human health. Once at sea, sunlight, wind, wave action break down plastic waste into small particles: microplastics (MPs). Currently, particular attention has been drawn to their effects on aquatic environments but health risks, especially mammals, are poorly known. These non-biodegradable materials can act as a vector for environmental pollutants, be ingested by humans food water, enter accumulate tissues with possible risk heath. Recent studies revealed deleterious MPs exposure male reproduction sperm quality, making them potential hazard reproductive success. This manuscript summarizes main changes quality along lifespan upcoming fertility mammals.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols and Their Impact on the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Development

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3454 - 3454

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

It is well known that neurodegenerative diseases’ development and progression are accelerated due to oxidative stress inflammation, which result in impairment of mitochondrial function, cellular damage, dysfunction DNA repair systems. The increased consumption antioxidants can postpone the these disorders improve quality patients’ lives who have already been diagnosed with diseases. Prolonging life span developed countries contributes an increase incidence ratio chronic age-related disorders, such as PD (Parkinson’s disease), AD (Alzheimer’s or numerous forms dementias. Dietary supplementation neuroprotective plant-derived polyphenols might be considered important element healthy aging. Some cognition, mood, visual functions, language, verbal memory functions. Polyphenols bioavailability differs greatly from one compound another determined by solubility, degree polymerization, conjugation, glycosylation resulting chemical structure. still unclear beneficial because their potential depends on efficient transport across BBB (blood-brain barrier), bioavailability, stability CNS (central nervous system). brain functions having a direct impact cells processes CNS. For effect, polyphenolic compounds must able overcome accumulate tissue. In this review, latest achievements studies (animal models clinical trials) effect activity function described. plant may summarized role increasing plasticity related cognition improvement. As reversible MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors, mood modulators neuronal self-being through dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline amounts After analyzing prohealth effects various eating patterns, it was postulated synergistic interactions between individual dietary components. act endothelial BBB’s integrity reduce thus protecting additional injury during stroke autoimmune Polyphenolic capable lowering blood pressure improving cerebral flow. Many revealed nutritional model based has ameliorate cognitive associated disorders. Randomized trials also shown improvement foods rich flavonoids independent age health conditions. therapeutic use, sufficient quantities cross reach tissue active form. An issue action not only penetration BBB, but metabolism localization. low. most usual oral administration conflicts bioavailability. main factors limit process efficacy are: selective permeability gastrointestinal transformations, poor absorption, rapid hepatic colonic metabolism, systemic elimination. Thus, phenolic inadequate for human applications any effects. recent years, new strategies attempted order exert benefits Converting into nanostructures theories proposed enhance following nanoscale delivery systems used encapsulate polyphenols: nanocapsules, nanospheres, micelles, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes. results great expectations wide-scale effective use prevention Thus far, natural studied neuroprotectors. Perhaps some modification structure given polyphenol its transportation BBB. However, questions should answered before developing medications polyphenols.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Polyphenolic-Food on Longevity: An Elixir of Life. An Overview

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 507 - 507

Published: March 24, 2021

Aging and, particularly, the onset of age-related diseases are associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some which can be attributed to accumulation oxidative damage. Recently, growing interest has emerged on beneficial effects plant-based diets for prevention chronic including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease. Several studies collectively suggests that intake polyphenols their major food sources may exert improving insulin resistance related diabetes risk factors, such as inflammation stress. They most abundant antioxidants in diet, been a reduced aging humans. Polyphenolic shown effective at ameliorating several phenotypes, stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis, cellular senescence, both vitro vivo. In this paper, these phytochemicals (either pure forms or polyphenolic-food) reviewed summarized according affected signaling pathways. Finally, effectiveness anti-aging preventive action nutritional interventions based rich polyphenolic food, Blue zones, discussed.

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol and neuroprotection: an insight into prospective therapeutic approaches against Alzheimer’s disease from bench to bedside

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 59(7), P. 4384 - 4404

Published: May 12, 2022

Language: Английский

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Naringin and Naringenin Polyphenols in Neurological Diseases: Understandings from a Therapeutic Viewpoint

Life, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 99 - 99

Published: Dec. 29, 2022

The glycosides of two flavonoids, naringin and naringenin, are found in various citrus fruits, bergamots, tomatoes, other fruits. These phytochemicals associated with multiple biological functions, including neuroprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, cardioprotective effects. higher glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio 3-NP-induced rats is attributed to the ability reduce hydroxyl radical, hydroperoxide, nitrite. However, although progress has been made treating these diseases, there still global concerns about how obtain a solution. Thus, natural compounds can provide promising strategy for many neurological conditions. Possible therapeutics neurodegenerative disorders include naringenin polyphenols. New experimental evidence shows that polyphenols exert wide range pharmacological activity; particular attention was paid diseases such as Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s well conditions anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, chronic hyperglycemic peripheral neuropathy. Several preliminary investigations have shown neuroprotection. main objective this review reflect on developments understanding molecular mechanisms underlying development potential neuroprotective medications. Furthermore, configuration relationships between discussed, their plant sources extraction methods.

Language: Английский

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The Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Regulation of Ageing Hallmarks

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 5508 - 5508

Published: March 14, 2023

Ageing is a complex process characterized mainly by decline in the function of cells, tissues, and organs, resulting an increased risk mortality. This involves several changes, described as hallmarks ageing, which include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic loss proteostasis, dysregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell depletion, altered intracellular communication. The determining role that environmental factors such diet lifestyle play on health, life expectancy, susceptibility to diseases, including cancer neurodegenerative wellestablished. In view growing interest beneficial effects phytochemicals prevention chronic studies have been conducted, they strongly suggest intake dietary polyphenols may bring numerous benefits due their antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, has associated with impaired ageing humans. Polyphenol shown be effective ameliorating age-related phenotypes, oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, among other features, contribute ageing-associated diseases. review aims address, general way, main findings literature about each well regulatory mechanisms responsible for observed antiageing effects.

Language: Английский

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Neuroprotective effect of curcumin against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced cognitive and physical impairments in mice: an insight into the role of the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(2), P. 1499 - 1518

Published: Dec. 19, 2023

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable chronic neurodegenerative disease where autoimmunity, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation collaboration predispose myelin sheath destruction. Interestingly, curcumin, a natural polyphenol, showed neuroprotective effect in numerous diseases, including MS. Nevertheless, the influence of curcumin against MS-induced cognitive impairment still vague. Hence, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice using spinal cord homogenate (SCH) complete Freund’s adjuvant, which eventually mimic This study aimed not only to evaluate efficacy EAE-induced motor dysfunction, but also explore novel mechanism action, by exerts its beneficial effects Curcumin (200 mg/kg/day) was evaluated behavioral tests, histopathological examination, biochemical tests. Concisely, amended impairments, as demonstrated tests examination hippocampus. activated adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (AMPK/SIRT1) axis, triggered cyclic AMP response element-binding protein/brain-derived neurotrophic factor/myelin basic (CREB/BDNF/MBP) pathway, hindering demyelination corpus callosum. Furthermore, AMPK/SIRT1 activation augmented nuclear factor erythroid 2-related (Nrf2), powerful antioxidant, amending stress. Additionally, abolished inhibiting Janus kinase /signal transducers activators transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) various pathways, activation. JAK2/STAT3 inhibition halts inflammatory cytokines synthesis. In conclusion, curcumin’s EAE controlled, at least part, activation, ultimately minimizes neuronal demyelination, neuroinflammation. Graphical illustration putative molecular pathways implicated management curcumin. activates AMPK/SIRT1, turn multiple that hinder neurodegeneration, Moreover, conquers pathway JAK2/STAT3/NF-kβ.

Language: Английский

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The killifish visual system as an in vivo model to study brain aging and rejuvenation

npj Aging and Mechanisms of Disease, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Aug. 17, 2021

Worldwide, people are getting older, and this prolonged lifespan unfortunately also results in an increased prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, contributing to a diminished life quality elderly. Age-associated neuropathies typically include diseases leading dementia (Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease), as well eye such glaucoma macular degeneration. Despite many research attempts aiming unravel aging processes their involvement neurodegeneration functional decline, achieving healthy brain remains challenge. The African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) is the shortest-lived reported vertebrate that can be bred captivity displays hallmarks have been described for human aging, which makes it very promising biogerontology model. As vision decline important hallmark manifestation we performed comprehensive characterization fish's visual system. Our work reveals several retina eventually result performance. Moreover, found evidence occurrence events old retina. Altogether, introduce system fast-aging valuable model understand cellular molecular mechanisms underlying central nervous These findings put forward target validation drug discovery rejuvenating or neuroprotective therapies ensuring aging.

Language: Английский

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Pleiotropic Outcomes of Glyphosate Exposure: From Organ Damage to Effects on Inflammation, Cancer, Reproduction and Development

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(22), P. 12606 - 12606

Published: Nov. 22, 2021

Glyphosate is widely used worldwide as a potent herbicide. Due to its ubiquitous use, it detectable in air, water and foodstuffs can accumulate human biological fluids tissues representing severe health risk. In plants, glyphosate acts an inhibitor of the shikimate pathway, which absent vertebrates. this, international scientific authorities have long-considered compound that has no or weak toxicity humans. However, increasing evidence highlighted formulations animals cells tissues. Thus, despite extension authorization use Europe until 2022, several countries begun take precautionary measures reduce diffusion. been detected urine, blood maternal milk found induce generation reactive oxygen species (ROS) cytotoxic genotoxic effects vitro animal models directly indirectly through metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). This review aims summarize more relevant findings on underlying molecular mechanisms glyphosate, with particular focus glyphosate's potential inflammation, DNA damage alterations gene expression profiles well adverse reproduction development.

Language: Английский

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