Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Adolescents

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 385(3), P. 239 - 250

Published: May 27, 2021

BackgroundUntil very recently, vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had not been authorized for emergency use in persons younger than 16 years of age. Safe, effective are needed to protect this population, facilitate in-person learning and socialization, contribute herd immunity.MethodsIn ongoing multinational, placebo-controlled, observer-blinded trial, we randomly assigned participants a 1:1 ratio receive two injections, 21 days apart, 30 μg BNT162b2 or placebo. Noninferiority the immune response 12-to-15-year-old as compared with that 16-to-25-year-old was an immunogenicity objective. Safety (reactogenicity adverse events) efficacy confirmed disease 2019 (Covid-19; onset, ≥7 after dose 2) cohort were assessed.ResultsOverall, 2260 adolescents 12 15 age received injections; 1131 BNT162b2, 1129 As has found other groups, favorable safety side-effect profile, mainly transient mild-to-moderate reactogenicity (predominantly injection-site pain [in 79 86% participants], fatigue 60 66%], headache 55 65%]); there no vaccine-related serious events few overall events. The geometric mean SARS-CoV-2 50% neutralizing titers relative 1.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47 2.10), which met noninferiority criterion lower boundary two-sided 95% greater 0.67 indicated cohort. Among without evidence previous infection, Covid-19 cases onset 7 more noted among recipients, occurred placebo recipients. observed vaccine 100% CI, 75.3 100).ConclusionsThe recipients produced young adults, highly Covid-19. (Funded by BioNTech Pfizer; C4591001 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04368728.)

Language: Английский

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Association and Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review

Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 88 - 88

Published: Dec. 2, 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious, potentially life-threatening condition. Epidemiologic studies show that increases cardiovascular diseases risk factors including hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. OSA also responsible for serious illnesses such as congestive heart failure, stroke, arrhythmias, bronchial asthma. The aim of this systematic review to evaluate evidence the association between disease morbidities identify conditions. In 34 conducted in 28 countries with sample 37,599 people, several comorbidities were identified patients severe OSA—these were: disease, kidney asthma, COPD, acute chronic hyperlipidemia, thyroid cerebral infarct or embolism, myocardial infarction, psychological stress depression. Important contributing included: age > 35 years; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2; alcoholism; higher Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS); mean duration; oxygen desaturation index (ODI); nocturnal (NOD). Severe (AHI 30) was significantly associated excessive daytime index. can be reduced by controlling overweight/obesity, alcoholism, smoking, mellitus, hyperlipidemia.

Language: Английский

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Changes in Youth Mental Health, Psychological Wellbeing, and Substance Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Review

Adolescent Research Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 161 - 177

Published: Feb. 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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Global burden of mental health problems among children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 317, P. 114814 - 114814

Published: Aug. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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The impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on service delivery and treatment outcomes in people living with HIV: a systematic review

AIDS Research and Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 epidemic and various control mitigation measures to combat the widespread outbreak of disease may affect other parts health care systems. There is a concern that pandemic could disrupt HIV services. Therefore, this study aimed systematically evaluate effect on service delivery treatment outcomes in people with HIV. Methods In study, systematic search was conducted using keywords online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web Science, Cochrane databases. retrieved articles underwent two-step title/abstract full-text review process, eligible papers were selected included qualitative synthesis. Result We 16 studies out 529 records met inclusion criteria for review. Study populations either HIV-positive patients or clinics healthcare providers. Most focused adhering obtaining medication attending clinical appointments their decrement during pandemic. Other aspects (alternative settings, viral suppression, psychological care, etc.) discussed lesser extent by studies. Conclusion Interruption in-person visits medical follow-up services, loss adherence treatment, subsequent increase mortality due complications PLHIV have led growing concerns. challenges disorders such as anxiety depression, an substance abuse, rise experienced stigma discrimination. However, use telemedicine some countries helps alleviate situation recommended similar settings future.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause severe global disruption, resulting in significant excess mortality, overwhelming healthcare systems, and imposing substantial social economic burdens on nations. While most of the attention therapeutic efforts have concentrated acute phase disease, a notable proportion survivors experience persistent symptoms post-infection clearance. This diverse set symptoms, loosely categorized as long COVID, presents potential additional public health crisis. It is estimated that 1 5 exhibit clinical manifestations consistent with COVID. Despite this prevalence, mechanisms pathophysiology COVID remain poorly understood. Alarmingly, evidence suggests cases within condition develop debilitating or disabling symptoms. Hence, urgent priority should be given further studies equip systems for its management. review provides an overview available information emerging condition, focusing affected individuals’ epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, immunological inflammatory profiles.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Students’ Mental Health and Sleep in Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(17), P. 9344 - 9344

Published: Sept. 4, 2021

Mental health problems are prevalent among university students in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on students' mental and sleep Arabia.A total 582 undergraduate from Arabia aged between 18 45 years old (M = 20.91, SD 3.17) completed a cross-sectional online questionnaire measuring depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, insomnia during (2020). Analysis included an independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, Hierarchical regression analysis.Undergraduate reported high levels perceived stress low resilience (p < 0.001) pandemic. In addition, experiencing insomnia. A hierarchical analysis indicated that lower insomnia, having pre-existing condition, learning difficulties (such as dyslexia, dyspraxia, or dyscalculia) were significantly associated with depression stress. level conditions anxiety. Finally, psychological increased anxiety within students.This has provided evidence Arabia, thus enhancing interventions support vital student well-being outcomes throughout

Language: Английский

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The impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of Canadian children and youth

FACETS, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 1628 - 1648

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Children and youth flourish in environments that are predictable, safe, structured. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted these protective factors making it difficult for children to adapt thrive. Pandemic-related school closures, family stress, trauma have led increases mental health problems some youth, an area of was already crisis well before declared a global pandemic. Because early life associated with significant impairment across family, social, academic domains, immediate measures needed mitigate the potential long-term sequalae. Now more than ever, Canada needs national strategy is delivered context which most easily accessible—schools. This should provide coordinated care sectors stepped framework full continuum supports spanning promotion, prevention, intervention, treatment. In parallel, we must invest comprehensive population-based follow-up Statistics Canada’s Canadian Health Survey on Youth so accurate information about how affecting all can be obtained. It time government prioritizes its management beyond.

Language: Английский

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Changes in Adolescents’ Psychosocial Functioning and Well-Being as a Consequence of Long-Term COVID-19 Restrictions

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(16), P. 8755 - 8755

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

This work studied self-reports from adolescents on how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed their behaviors, relationships, mood, and victimization. Data collection was conducted between September 2020 February 2021 in five countries (Sweden, USA, Serbia, Morocco, Vietnam). In total, 5114 high school students (aged 15 to 19 years, 61.8% females) responded our electronic survey. A substantial proportion of reported decreased time being outside (41.7%), meeting friends real life (59.4%), performance (30.7%), while reporting increased do things they did not have for before (49.3%) using social media stay connected (44.9%). One third exercise felt that more control over life. Only a small substance use, norm-breaking or The overall impact adolescent gender-specific: we found stronger negative female students. results indicated majority could adapt dramatic changes environment. However, healthcare institutions, municipalities, schools, services benefit findings this study meet needs those young people who signaled worsened psychosocial functioning, stress,

Language: Английский

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Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic Period in the European Population: An Institutional Challenge

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(15), P. 9347 - 9347

Published: July 30, 2022

The worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for an infectious pandemic, with repercussions on socio-economic aspects and the physical mental health general population. present systematic review aimed to evaluate data belonging European framework, analyzing population by age group. Original articles reviews state have researched starting from 2021. Initially, a total 1764 studies were found, among which 75 selected. Youth group most affected pandemic consequences health, emotional behavioral alterations observed third more than half children adolescents examined. Among both adults, female gender had higher prevalence psychopathological symptoms. main risk factors poor social support, economic difficulties, and, in particular, unemployment or job changes. Additional individual perception loneliness, presence pre-pandemic illness/distress, some personality traits, such as neuroticism, impulsiveness, use maladaptive coping strategies. Unexpectedly, elderly maintained good resilience towards change, even if stress factor was represented feeling loneliness contact. As regards suicidal behaviors, adolescents, there increase attempts 25%, greater gender. This increased also association symptoms anxiety depression, socio-environmental conditions. In conclusion, groups found be at psychological burden during waves, thus representing priority targets socio-health interventions.

Language: Английский

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