Role of Insect Gut Microbiota in Pesticide Degradation: A Review

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 3, 2022

Insect pests cause significant agricultural and economic losses to crops worldwide due their destructive activities. Pesticides are designed be poisonous intentionally released into the environment combat menace caused by these noxious pests. To survive, insects can resist toxic substances introduced humans in form of pesticides. According recent findings, microbes that live insect as symbionts have recently been found protect hosts against toxins. Symbioses formed between various microbes, a defensive mechanism pathogens Insects’ guts provide unique conditions for microbial colonization, resident bacteria deliver numerous benefits hosts. Insects vary significantly reliance on gut basic functions. digestive tracts very different shape chemical properties, which big impact structure composition community. microbiota has contribute feeding, parasite pathogen protection, immune response modulation, pesticide breakdown. The current review will examine roles detoxification mechanisms behind development resistance better understand detoxifying agriculturally pest insects, we provided comprehensive information regarding role

Language: Английский

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Impact of Pesticides on Human Health in the Last Six Years in Brazil

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(6), P. 3198 - 3198

Published: March 9, 2022

Every year, Brazil intensifies its activity in agriculture and, as a result, it has become one of the biggest consumers pesticides world. The high rate these substances raises environmental and human health concerns. Therefore, we collected papers from PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Web Science databases, 2015 to 2021. After blind selection using software Rayyan QCRI by two authors, 51 studies were included. Researchers South Southeast Brazilian regions contributed most publications, areas that concentrate agricultural commodity complexes. Among described studies, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides frequent. articles reported multiple toxic effects, particularly rural workers. results obtained can be used direct policies reduce use pesticides, protect population.

Language: Английский

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Contribution of insect gut microbiota and their associated enzymes in insect physiology and biodegradation of pesticides

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 14, 2022

Synthetic pesticides are extensively and injudiciously applied to control agriculture household pests worldwide. Due their high use, toxic residues have enormously increased in the agroecosystem past several years. They caused many severe threats non-target organisms, including humans. Therefore, complete removal of compounds is gaining wide attention protect ecosystem diversity living organisms. Several methods, such as physical, chemical biological, degrade compounds, but compared other biological methods considered more efficient, fast, eco-friendly less expensive. In particular, employing microbial species purified enzymes makes degradation pollutants accessible converts them into non-toxic products by metabolic pathways. The digestive tract insects usually known a superior organ that provides nutrient-rich environment hundreds perform pivotal role various physiological ecological functions. There direct relationship between insect pests: reduce growth alter phyla located gut microbiome. comparison, microbiota tries changing toxicity, increasing production regulation diverse range enzymes. These breakdown derivatives, utilize sole source carbon, sulfur energy. resistance (carbamates, pyrethroids, organophosphates, organochlorines, neonicotinoids) developed mechanisms, expression detoxifying genes guts. This review summarizes effects agrochemicals on humans, animals, birds beneficial arthropods. It explores preferential process mechanism species. Additionally, pathways been systematically discussed better understand xenobiotics

Language: Английский

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Effects of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Maternal Body on Infants

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 9, 2022

There are many organochlorine pollutants in the environment, which can be directly or indirectly exposed to by mothers, and as estrogen endocrine disruptors cause damage lactation capacity of mammary gland. In addition, because breast milk contains a lot nutrients, it is most important food source for new-born babies. If mothers pesticides (OCPs), lipophilic contaminants accumulate fat passed infant through milk. Therefore, necessary investigate human estimate health risks these breastfed infants. toxic substances mother also fetus placenta, something we need pay attention to. This article introduces several types OCPs, such dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), methoxychlor (MXC), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), endosulfan, chlordane, heptachlorand hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mainly expounds their effects on women’s ability health, provides reference maternal health. some measures methods control described here.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the gut microbiota: lifestyle choices, disease associations, and personal genomics

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

The gut microbiota is a rich and dynamic ecosystem that actively interacts with the human body, playing significant role in state of health disease host. Diet, exercise, mental health, other factors have exhibited ability to influence bacterial composition, leading changes can prevent improve, or favor worsen, both intestinal extra-intestinal conditions. Altered microbial states, ‘dysbiosis’, associated conditions diseases are often characterized by shifts abundance diversity, including an impaired Firmicutes Bacteroidetes ratio. By understanding effect lifestyle on microbiota, personalized advice be generated suit each individual profile foster adoption ameliorate dysbiosis. delivery effective reliable advice, however, depends not only available research current topic, but also methods used assess individuals discover associations, which introduce bias at multiple stages. aim this review summarize how variability defined what choices shown association composition. Furthermore, popular investigate outlined, focus possible caused lack use standardized methods. Finally, overview based testing presented, underlining its power limitations.

Language: Английский

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Widespread use of toxic agrochemicals and pesticides for agricultural products storage in Africa and developing countries: Possible panacea for ecotoxicology and health implications

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. e15173 - e15173

Published: April 1, 2023

Chemicals used for storage majorly possess insecticidal activities – deterring destructive insect pests and microorganisms from stored agricultural produce. Despite the controversy about their safety, local farmers agro-wholesalers still predominantly use these chemicals in developing countries, especially Africa, to ensure an all-year supply of agriproducts. These could have short- or long-term effects. state-of-the-art knowledge, factors such as poor education awareness, limited subventions, quests cheap chemicals, over-dosage, many more are possible reasons toxic chemicals' setback persistent countries. This paper provides up-to-date review environmental ecological effects, well health impacts arising indiscriminate Existing data link pesticides endocrine disruption, genetic mutations, neurological dysfunction, other metabolic disorders, apart myriad acute Finally, this study recommended several naturally sourced preservatives viable alternatives chemical counterparts emphasized invaluable role awareness programs mitigating nations a sustainable society.

Language: Английский

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Pesticide exposure and the microbiota-gut-brain axis

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1153 - 1166

Published: June 16, 2023

Abstract The gut microbiota exist within a dynamic ecosystem shaped by various factors that includes exposure to xenobiotics such as pesticides. It is widely regarded the plays an essential role in maintaining host health, including major influence on brain and behaviour. Given widespread use of pesticides modern agriculture practices, it important assess long-term collateral effects these xenobiotic exposures have composition function. Indeed, studies using animal models shown can induce negative impacts microbiota, physiology health. In tandem, there growing body literature showing pesticide be extended manifestation behavioural impairments host. With increasing appreciation microbiota-gut-brain axis, this review we whether pesticide-induced changes profiles functions could driving alterations. Currently, diversity type, dose variation experimental designs hinders direct comparisons presented. Although many insights presented, mechanistic connection between remains insufficiently explored. Future experiments should therefore focus causal mechanisms examine mediator observed following exposure.

Language: Английский

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Insect Microbial Symbionts: Ecology, Interactions, and Biological Significance

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2665 - 2665

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

The guts of insect pests are typical habitats for microbial colonization and the presence bacterial species inside gut confers several potential advantages to insects. These bacteria located symbiotically digestive tracts insects help in food digestion, phytotoxin breakdown, pesticide detoxification. Different shapes chemical assets gastrointestinal have a significant impact on structure makeup population. number communities system differs owing varying shape composition tracts. Due their short generation times rapid evolutionary rates, can develop numerous metabolic pathways adapt diverse ecological niches. In addition, despite hindering insecticide management programs, they still biotechnological uses, including industrial, clinical, environmental uses. This review discusses prevalent associated with guts, mode symbiotic interaction, role resistance, various other biological significance, along knowledge gaps future perspectives. practical consequences microbiome its interaction host may lead encountering mechanisms behind evolution resistance

Language: Английский

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Diverse mechanisms by which chemical pollutant exposure alters gut microbiota metabolism and inflammation

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 190, P. 108805 - 108805

Published: June 10, 2024

The human gut microbiome, the host, and environment are inextricably linked across life course with significant health impacts. Consisting of trillions bacteria, fungi, viruses, other micro-organisms, microbiota living within our particularly dynamic responsible for digestion metabolism diverse classes ingested chemical pollutants. Exposure to pollutants not only in early but throughout growth into adulthood can alter hosts' ability absorb metabolize xenobiotics, nutrients, components critical longevity. Inflammation is a common mechanism underlying multiple environmentally related chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer types, mental health. While growing research supports complex interactions between gaps exist. Few reviews provide descriptions mechanisms by which interact host microbiome through either direct or indirect pathways disease risk, particular focus on inflammatory pathways. This review focuses examples several commonly humans, (i) heavy metals, (ii) persistent organic (POPs), (iii) nitrates. Digestive enzymes microbes first line absorption these chemicals, have been shown compounds from less more toxic state influencing subsequent distribution excretion. In addition, may selection harmful commensal microbiota, leading dysbiosis, changes receptor-mediated signaling that integrity function intestinal tract. Arsenic, cadmium, lead (heavy metals), influence directly altering different subsequently driving inflammation metabolite production (LPS/TLR4 proteoglycan/TLR2 pathways). POPs microbial composition indirectly depending their activate key intestine (e.g., PCB-126 AHR). Nitrates nitrites' effect depend be transformed secondary tertiary metabolites bacteria. Future should continue support foundational both vitro, vivo, longitudinal population-based better identify opportunities prevention, gain additional mechanistic insights environmental translational science.

Language: Английский

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Food for thought: Making the case for food produced via regenerative agriculture in the battle against non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs)

One Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18, P. 100734 - 100734

Published: April 20, 2024

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) pose a global health challenge, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic strain. Our review underscores the escalating incidence of NCDs worldwide highlights potential regenerative agriculture (RA) products in mitigating these diseases. We also explore efficacy dietary interventions NCD management prevention, emphasizing superiority plant-based diets over those high processed foods red meat. Examining role gut microbiome various diseases, including liver disorders, allergies, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, colon cancer, we find compelling evidence implicating its influence on disease development. Notably, modifications can positively affect microbiome, fostering symbiotic relationship with host making this critical strategy prevention treatment. Investigating agricultural practices, identify parallels between soil/plant human studies, suggesting crucial link soil health, plant- animal-derived food quality, well-being. Conventional/Industrial (IA) characterized part by use chemical inputs, have adverse effects diversity, ecosystems. In contrast, RA prioritizes through natural processes, includes avoiding synthetic crop rotation, integrating livestock. Emerging suggests that from systems surpasses IA-produced quality nutritional value. Recognizing interconnection human, plant, microbiomes, promoting RA-produced emerges as improve environmental sustainability. By climate change impacts carbon sequestration water cycling, offers dual benefits for planetary Emphasizing pivotal diet practices combating addressing concerns, adoption regional becomes imperative. Increasing integration into local enhance availability, affordability while safeguarding planet's future.

Language: Английский

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