Serum vitamin D levels and COVID-19 during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 120 - 127

Published: Sept. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Deficiency and COVID-19 Severity in Pregnant Women

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 15188 - 15188

Published: Dec. 2, 2022

Evidence from studies in the general population suggests an association between vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency and COVID-19 susceptibility disease severity. The present study was performed on 165 third-trimester pregnant women at time of delivery. Seventy-nine tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. From 86 testing positive, 32 were asymptomatic, 44 presented a mild form disease, 10 experienced severe symptoms. Serum 25-OH levels measured blood samples collected admission. Low detected symptomatic but not asymptomatic patients compared to healthy (

Language: Английский

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Acute painful crises may be causes of sudden deaths in sickle cell diseases

World Family Medicine Journal/Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: Sickle cell diseases (SCDs) are severe inflammatory processes on vascular endothelium, especially at the capillary level because system is actual distributor of hardened red blood cells (RBCs) into tissues. Methods: All cases with SCDs were included. Results: We studied 222 males and 212 females similar mean ages (30.8 vs 30.3 years, p>0.05, respectively). Disseminated teeth losses (5.4% 1.4%, p<0.001), ileus (7.2% cirrhosis (8.1% 1.8%, leg ulcers (19.8% 7.0%, digital clubbing (14.8% 6.6%, coronary heart disease (18.0% 13.2%, p<0.05), chronic renal (9.9% 6.1%, obstructive pulmonary (25.2% stroke (12.1% 7.5%, p<0.05) all higher in but not acute chest syndrome (2.7% 3.7%), hypertension (12.6% 11.7), deep venous thrombosis and/or varices telangiectasias (9.0% 6.6%), or age mortality (30.2 33.3 years) (p>0.05 for all). Conclusion: The RBCs-induced endothelial damage, inflammation, edema, fibrosis initiated birth, terminate disseminated tissue hypoxia multiorgan failures even childhood SCDs. Although RBCs supports corticosteroids phase aspirin plus hydroxyurea both phases decrease severity diseases, survivals still shortened genders, dramatically. Infections, medical surgical emergencies, emotional stresses-induced increased basal metabolic rate aggravates sickling may painful crises, failures, sudden deaths. Key words: deaths, atherosclerosis, aging

Language: Английский

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The Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning in Improving Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills in Medical Students: A Systematic Review of Fifteen Years’ Experience (2005-2019)

World Family Medicine Journal/Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: An ongoing challenge for medical education in the twenty-first century is determining best method to foster problem-solving and critical thinking learners. These higher-order aptitudes help prepare doctors practice a rapidly evolving health system. In education, Problem-Based Learning (PBL) an instructional pedagogy which pupils are challenged seek answers authentic patient scenarios small groups. PBL techniques proposed as one enhance pupils’ learning abilities including problem-solving. Aim: This systematic review was conducted search evidence from past fifteen years of literature, demonstrating capability improve skills students. Review Question: Is there support problem solving students? Methods: The process through electronic databases on publications related impact PBL, particularly, two fundamental skills; restricted publicationsbetween January 1, 2005 December 31, 2019. Four were searched, namely; Medline, PubMed, EMBASE Scopus. Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) guidelines utilised guide way this conducted. Quality assessment performed rating evaluation methods included studies. employing five-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree 5= agree) each study relation three items; appropriateness design, implementation well data analysis. then mapped grade 1 (low) 5 (high), aligns with BEME strength findings. Results: Searching four aforementioned produced 657 publications, 249 duplicates. Therefore, 408 screened based their titles against inclusion exclusion criteria, leaving 86 articles screen abstracts. A further 9 manually obtained such that total 95 Forty-one met criteria full text review. Following review, twenty-nine excluded. twelve studies findings follows; only reviewed graded 5, 4, six 3. Of reviewed, five provided among Two these while Discussion: available limited claim improves students’ aptitudes. Only claim, remaining seven did not. assessed knowledge, comprehension, application domains, student perspectives. studies, where description either case-analysis tests or modified essay questions, not give actual indication measuring skills. Another describe written i.e. proxy questions purported measure skills, prevented use specified question. reported scores final significantly (p>0.05) compared initial assessment. Conclusion: There very little published over last supporting recent evidence. As such, investigations required legitimise claims Key words: Learning, Critical Thinking Problem-Solving Skills, Students

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D Receptor—Interplay in COVID-19-Negative, -Infected, and -Vaccinated Women during Pregnancy

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(20), P. 6140 - 6140

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

The trophoblast is a significant source of vitamin D synthesis during pregnancy, with the literature suggesting its role in fetal growth. We aim to underline possible mechanism that would explain negative outcomes COVID-19-positive mothers by examining relationship between altered placental structure and function throphoblast cells' receptor levels.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 in Pregnancy: Influence of Body Weight and Nutritional Status on Maternal and Pregnancy Outcomes—A Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 1052 - 1052

Published: Feb. 20, 2023

In the last two and a half years, COVID-19 has been one of most challenging public health issues worldwide. Based on available evidence, pregnant women do not appear to be more susceptible infection than general population but having during pregnancy may increase risk major complications for both mother fetus. The aim this study is identify correlation between BMI nutritional status likelihood contracting in pregnancy, its severity, maternal outcomes. We carry out systematic literature search meta-analysis using three databases following guidelines Cochrane Collaboration. include 45 studies about COVID-19-positive women. Compared with normal-weight COVID-19, obesity associated severe (OR = 2.32 [1.65–3.25]), increased death 2.84 [2.01–4.02]), higher rate hospital admission 2.11 [1.37–3.26]). Obesity adverse outcomes by increasing symptom severity and, consequently, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, finally, rates. For micronutrients, results are less definite, even if there seems lower level particular Vitamin D,

Language: Английский

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The Vitamin D Serum Levels in Pregnant Women Affected by COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 2588 - 2588

Published: May 31, 2023

Vitamin D can modulate immune responses, and its deficiency is linked to increased autoimmunity susceptibility infection. In the general population, it has been observed that serum vitamin levels are connected with risk of COVID-19 severity. Our study aims examine reported findings on effect infection during pregnancy. PubMed, Web Science, Embase, Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. Serum in COVID-19-positive COVID-19-negative pregnant women 24.61 ± 20.86 ng/mL 24.12 17.33 ng/mL, respectively. mild vs. moderate critical women, 16.71 9.04 10.7 9.37 severe non-severe 13.21 11.47 15.76 10.0 ng/mL. Only one placenta compared control results varied amounted 14.06 0.51 12.45 0.58 tends be common who have COVID-19, level this demonstrated a strong correlation severity illness. As correlate symptoms even occurrence, appropriate supplementation prenatal period suggested.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D Intake and Serum Levels in Pregnant and Postpartum Women

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3493 - 3493

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Maternal vitamin D deficiency, which is highly prevalent in pregnant women Europe, linked to adverse health effects for both the mother and child. The objective was assess status by evaluating their dietary supplemental intake, serum levels, parathyroid hormone lifestyle factors. This cross-sectional study, with a total of 735 participants (145 590 up seventh day postpartum), took place Latvia. Blood samples, food frequency questionnaire, medical documentation were used data collection. median concentration 34.0 ng/mL, having higher levels (42.9 ng/mL) than postpartum (31.8 ng/mL). There no association between intake (p > 0.05), whereas there significant correlation use supplements (r = 0.41; p < 0.001 r 0.35; women). study demonstrated that minority (21.9%) had optimal (>45 ng/mL), diet impact on levels. Thus, our proposed recommendation during pregnancy 63 mcg (2500 IU) year-round Northeastern Europe.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Ultrasound in Thyroid Assessment

World Family Medicine Journal/Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The recent prevalence of ultrasonography (US) has facilitated the early detection and qualitative evaluation thyroid nodules. Furthermore, novel technical developments are extending application range US for other diseases. use to differentiate between carcinoma benign nodule, a metastatic lymph node reactive node, lymphoma chronic thyroiditis, destruction-induced thyrotoxicosis Graves’ disease is introduced. Classification systems nodule have shown high diagnostic accuracy carcinomas except follicular carcinoma. diagnosis metastasis showed specificity but low sensitivity. Patients who were suspected based on findings should undergo incisional biopsy or thyroidectomy histologic type if fine needle aspiration suggest lymphoma. be carefully followed even they diagnosed as negative cytologic findings. Measurement blood flow helpful diagnosing thyrotoxicosis, such painless by distinguishing lesion from disease. Ultrasonography useful various diseases, including remaining issue resolved Trials using techniques these lesions expected. Key words: ultrasound, assessment

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome among undergraduate medical students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A multi-university cross-sectional study

World Family Medicine Journal/Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a group of eye and vision-related symptoms resulting from prolonged extensive use electronic devices. Such include blurry vision, dry eyes, watery headaches, fatigue, neck pain. This study aimed to measure the prevalence CVS frequency exercising ergonomic practices among undergraduate medical students attending several colleges in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional surveyed 1,014 Riyadh. Data collection was held for four weeks throughout July-August 2021. were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21. CVS-Q manual implemented as scoring system. Results: Out total students, 85.5% reported devices educational purposes. Neck pains (42.5%), headaches (39.4%), dryness (38.6%) most frequent symptoms. 60.8% found CVS-positive. Male significantly less predicted have than female (P<0.001). Brightness levels screens correlated substantially with risk (P=0.035) more who used bright backlight CVS-positive compared those did not. Conclusion: its associated relatively common students. Future studies are necessary across larger samples. Further awareness routine ophthalmic assessments imperative mitigate this issue promote ocular health. Keywords: Syndrome, Medical Students, Arabia, Electronic Devices.

Language: Английский

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