Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 45 - 45

Published: Jan. 26, 2020

The prevalence of fungal infections is growing at an alarming pace and the pathogenesis still not clearly understood. Recurrence these diseases often due to their evolutionary avoidance antifungal resistance. development suitable novel antimicrobial agents for continues be a major problem in current clinical field. Hence, it urgently necessary develop surrogate that are more effective than conventional available drugs. Among remarkable innovations from earlier investigations on natural-drugs, flavonoids group plant-derived substances capable promoting many valuable effects humans. identification with possible small concentrations or synergistic combinations could help overcome this problem. A combination drugs excellent approach reduce side toxicity. This review focuses various naturally occurring activities, modes action, synergetic use

Language: Английский

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Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 1239 - 1285

Published: Dec. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

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Gut firmicutes: Relationship with dietary fiber and role in host homeostasis

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 63(33), P. 12073 - 12088

Published: July 12, 2022

Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the predominant bacterial phyla colonizing healthy human gut. Accumulating evidence suggests that dietary fiber plays a crucial role in host health, yet most studies have focused on how affects health through gut Bacteroides. More recently, been found to possess many genes responsible for fermenting fiber, could also interact with intestinal mucosa thereby contribute homeostasis. Consequently, relationship between is of interest, as well health. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding molecular mechanism degradation by explain communication pathway fiber-Firmicutes-host axis, beneficial effects fiber-induced their metabolites A better understanding dialogue sustained fiber-Firmicutes axis provide new insights into probiotic therapy novel interventions aimed at increasing abundance (such Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, Roseburia) promote health.Dietary exhibit relevant health-promoting functions.Most great effect Firmicutes.Mechanisms uptake outlined.Mechanisms fiber- Firmicutes-host interactions require more investigation development food production

Language: Английский

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Promising Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Reverses Insulin Resistance and Impaired Islets

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 17, 2020

Type 2 diabetes is a common metabolic disorder related to insulin resistance, or deficiency of secretion, caused by decreased sensitivity and destruction islet structure function. As the second human genome, microbiota has been observed have growing relationship with in recent years. Microbiota imbalance hypothesized be involved regulation energy metabolism inflammatory immune response diabetes. The present study aimed investigate whether fecal transplantation (FMT) could alleviate symptoms associated type To this end, mouse model was first established through consumption high-fat diet combined streptozotocin (100 mg/kg), FMT used rebuild gut diabetic mice. Fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance tests, HbA1c levels were monitored, while hypoglycemic effects also observed. Insulin tested ELISA indexes such as HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS, HOMA-β calculated. We found that resistance pancreatic β-cells improved after treatment. Meanwhile, markers inflammation tissue detected immunohistochemistry, which indicated following Furthermore, flow cytometry western blot results revealed inhibited β-cell apoptosis. Here, effect on hypoglycemia addressed improving repairing impaired islets, thereby providing potential treatment strategy for

Language: Английский

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The critical role of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in human health: An overview

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 149, P. 104344 - 104344

Published: June 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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Role of Gut Microbiota on Onset and Progression of Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 3719 - 3719

Published: Dec. 2, 2020

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains one of the most problematic and economic consumer disorders worldwide, with growing prevalence incidence. Over last years, substantial research has highlighted intricate relationship among gut microbiota, dysbiosis metabolic syndromes development. Changes in microbiome composition lead to an imbalanced gastrointestinal habitat which promotes abnormal production metabolites, inflammatory status, glucose metabolism alteration even insulin resistance (IR). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), lipopolysaccharide, aromatic amino their affiliated contribute T2DM via different immunologic pathways. In this narrative review, we discuss immunopathogenic mechanism behind dysbiosis, development major known diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy, neuropathy nephropathy), beneficial use pre- pro-biotics fecal microbiota transplantation management new findings future perspectives field.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and Mechanism of Traditional Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds against Clinically Important Pathogens

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 257 - 257

Published: Dec. 9, 2019

Traditional medicinal plants have been cultivated to treat various human illnesses and avert numerous infectious diseases. They display an extensive range of beneficial pharmacological health effects for humans. These generally synthesize a diverse bioactive compounds which established be potent antimicrobial agents against wide pathogenic organisms. Various research studies demonstrated the activity traditional scientifically or experimentally measured with reports on microorganisms resistant antimicrobials. The their arising from several functional activities may capable inhibiting virulence factors as well targeting microbial cells. Some derived manifest ability reverse antibiotic resistance improve synergetic action current agents. Therefore, advancement bioactive-based can auspicious method treating antibiotic-resistant infections. This review considers molecular roles compounds, focusing typically clinically important pathogens.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Butyrate in Attenuating Pathobiont-Induced Hyperinflammation

Immune Network, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

An excessive hyperinflammatory response-caused septic shock is a major medical problem that associated with pathogenic bacterial infections leading to high mortality rates.The intestinal microbiota and the elaborated metabolites such as short chain fatty acid butyrate have been shown relieve bacterial-caused acute inflammation.Butyrate can down-regulate inflammation by inhibiting growth of pathobionts, increasing mucosal barrier integrity, encouraging obligate anaerobic dominance decreasing oxygen availability in gut.Butyrate also decrease through modulation immune cells functionalities M2 macrophages regulatory T infiltration neutrophils.Therefore, various approaches be used increase hyperinflammation.In this review we summarize roles attenuating responses discuss plausible mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Butyrate to combat obesity and obesity‐associated metabolic disorders: Current status and future implications for therapeutic use

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(10)

Published: July 20, 2022

Summary Evidence is increasing that disturbances in the gut microbiome may play a significant role etiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The short chain fatty acid butyrate, major end product bacterial fermentation indigestible carbohydrates, reputed to have anti‐inflammatory properties positive effects on body weight control insulin sensitivity. However, whether butyrate has therapeutic potential for treatment prevention obesity‐related complications remains be elucidated. Overall, animal studies strongly indicate administered via various routes (e.g., orally) positively affects adipose tissue metabolism functioning, energy substrate metabolism, systemic tissue‐specific inflammation, sensitivity control. A limited number human demonstrated interindividual differences clinical effectiveness suggesting outcomes depend metabolic, microbial, lifestyle‐related characteristics target population. Hence, despite abundant evidence from data, support data urgently required implementation evidence‐based oral gut‐derived interventions. To increase efficacy butyrate‐focused interventions, future research should investigate which factors impact including baseline microbial activity functionality, thereby optimizing targeted‐interventions identifying individuals merit most such

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 175 - 175

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease death. Understanding the risk factors is relevant both in setting at epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview host, viral environmental that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized be associated with outcomes. considered detail include age frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, lifestyle patient; variation infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; air pollution. For each category, compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for association factor outcomes (including strength effect) outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss complex interactions between various factors.

Language: Английский

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