Macrophage Related Chronic Inflammation in Non-Healing Wounds

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 16, 2021

Persistent hyper-inflammation is a distinguishing pathophysiological characteristic of chronic wounds, and macrophage malfunction considered as major contributor thereof. In this review, we describe the origin heterogeneity macrophages during wound healing, compare function in healing non-healing wounds. We consider extrinsic intrinsic factors driving dysregulation, review systemic topical therapeutic approaches for restoration response. Multidimensional analysis highlighted through integration various high-throughput technologies, used to assess diversity activation states well cellular communication wound. This research fills gaps current literature provides promising interventions

Language: Английский

---

Clinical Trials Based on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are Exponentially Increasing: Where are We in Recent Years?

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 23 - 36

Published: Aug. 16, 2021

Abstract Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), present in the component of several tissues, include multipotent stem cells, progenitors, and differentiated cells. MSCs have quickly attracted considerable attention clinical field for their regenerative properties ability to promote tissue homeostasis following injury. In recent years, mainly isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord—have been utilized hundreds trials treatment various diseases. However, addition some successes, MSC-based therapies experienced failures. The number new with is exponentially growing; still, complete results are only available a limited trials. This dearth does not help prevent potentially inefficacious unnecessary Results unsuccessful studies may be useful planning therapeutic approaches improve outcomes. order bolster critical analysis trial results, we reviewed state art MSC that published last six years. Most 416 evaluated MSCs’ effectiveness treating cardiovascular diseases, GvHD, brain neurological disorders, although sought treat immune system diseases wounds restore tissue. We also report unorthodox unusual studies. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

---

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Paracrine Activity—Immunomodulation Mechanisms and How to Influence the Therapeutic Potential

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 381 - 381

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

With high clinical interest to be applied in regenerative medicine, Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells have been widely studied due their multipotency, wide distribution, and relative ease of isolation expansion vitro. Their remarkable biological characteristics immunomodulatory influence opened doors the application MSCs many settings. The therapeutic these cells interaction with immune system seems occur both directly through a paracrine route, production secretion soluble factors extracellular vesicles. complex mechanisms which this takes place is not fully understood, but several functional manipulation techniques, such as cell engineering, priming, preconditioning, developed. In review, knowledge about immunoregulatory capacity products revisited, special focus on phenomena migration homing, direct action activity. techniques for homing improvement, modulation conditioning prior were also explored. Finally, multiple assays where different approaches varying success used examples justify exploration.

Language: Английский

---

Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicle therapy for neurological disorders: traumatic brain injury and beyond

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition involving mechanisms that lead to dysfunction and nerve damage, resulting in significant morbidity mortality globally. Affecting ~50 million people annually, TBI's impact includes high death rate, exceeding of heart disease cancer. Complications arising from TBI encompass concussion, cerebral hemorrhage, tumors, encephalitis, delayed apoptosis, necrosis. Current treatment methods, such as pharmacotherapy with dihydropyridines, high-pressure oxygen therapy, behavioral non-invasive stimulation, have shown limited efficacy. A comprehensive understanding vascular components essential for developing new treatments improve blood vessel-related damage. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promising results repairing mitigating Studies indicate MSCs can promote neurogenesis angiogenesis through various mechanisms, including releasing bioactive molecules extracellular vesicles (EVs), which help reduce neuroinflammation. In research, the distinctive characteristics positioned them highly desirable cell sources. Extensive investigations been conducted on regulatory properties their manipulation, tagging, transportation techniques brain-related applications. This review explores progress prospects MSC therapy TBI, focusing action, therapeutic benefits, challenges potential limitations using treating neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine

Stem Cells International, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021, P. 1 - 30

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

Cell therapy involves the transplantation of human cells to replace or repair damaged tissues and modulate mechanisms underlying disease initiation progression in body. Nowadays, many different types cell-based are developed used treat a variety diseases. In past decade, cell-free has emerged as novel approach regenerative medicine after discovery that transplanted exerted their therapeutic effect mainly through secretion paracrine factors. More more evidence showed stem cell-derived secretome, i.e., growth factors, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, can injured effectively cells. This finding spurred new idea employ secretome medicine. Despite that, will slowly cell future? Or these two modes treatment still needed address diseases conditions? review provides an indepth discussion about values addition, safety, efficacy, advantages, disadvantages using also critically reviewed.

Language: Английский

---

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Cornerstone in a Galaxy of Intercellular Signals: Basis for a New Era of Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. 3576 - 3576

Published: March 30, 2021

Around 40% of the population will suffer at some point in their life a disease involving tissue loss or an inflammatory autoimmune process that cannot be satisfactorily controlled with current therapies. An alternative for these processes is represented by stem cells and, especially, mesenchymal (MSC). Numerous preclinical studies have shown MSC to therapeutic effects different clinical conditions, probably due mesodermal origin. Thereby, appear play central role control galaxy intercellular signals anti-inflammatory, regenerative, angiogenic, anti-fibrotic, anti-oxidative stress anti-apoptotic, anti-tumor, anti-microbial type. This concept forces us return origin natural physiological as starting understand evolution therapy field regenerative medicine. These biological effects, demonstrated countless studies, justify first applications, and draw horizon new strategies. However, several limitations cell are recognized, such safety issues, handling difficulties purposes, high economic cost. For reasons, there ongoing tendency consider use MSC-derived secretome products tool, since they reproduce parent cells. it necessary resolve key aspects, choice ideal type according each indication implementation standardized production Therefore, science based on intelligently designed derivative able advance towards innovative more personalized medical biotechnology.

Language: Английский

---

Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Secretome and Its Regenerative Potential

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(21), P. 12018 - 12018

Published: Nov. 6, 2021

The therapeutic potential of the dental pulp stem (DSC) cell-derived secretome, consisting various biomolecules, is undergoing intense research. Despite promising in vitro and vivo studies, most DSC secretome-based therapies have not been implemented human medicine because paracrine effect bioactive factors secreted by cells (hDPSCs) exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) completely understood. In this review, we outline current data on hDPSC- SHED-derived secretome as a candidate regeneration bone, cartilage, nerve tissue. Published reports demonstrate that MSC-derived secretome/conditional medium may be effective treating neurodegenerative diseases, neural injuries, cartilage defects, repairing bone regulating neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, angiogenic processes through mechanisms. Dental MSC-secretomes, similarly to marrow MSC-secretome activate molecular cellular mechanisms, which determine effectiveness cell-free therapy. Many emphasize secretomes application tissue-regenerating therapy due their multidirectional observed many different injured tissues.

Language: Английский

---

Cell secretomes for wound healing and tissue regeneration: Next generation acellular based tissue engineered products

Journal of Tissue Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Wound represents a significant socioeconomic burden for both affected individuals and as whole healthcare system. Accordingly, stem cells have garnered attention due to their differentiation capacity ability aid tissue regeneration by releasing biologically active molecules, found in the cells’ cultivated medium which known conditioned (CM) or secretomes. This acellular approach provides huge advantage over conventional treatment options, are mainly used cellular at wound closure. Interestingly, secretomes contained cell-secreted proteins such growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix (ECM), small molecules including metabolites, microvesicles, exosomes. review aims provide general view on how it is proven great potential accelerating healing. Utilizing use of with its secreted suitable biomaterials fabrications skin substitutes can be promising treating loss accelerate healing process.

Language: Английский

---

Dermal αSMA ⁺ myofibroblasts orchestrate skin wound repair via β1 integrin and independent of type I collagen production

The EMBO Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(7)

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Skin wound repair is essential for organismal survival and failure of which leads to non-healing wounds, a leading health issue worldwide. However, mechanistic understanding chronic wounds remains major challenge due lack appropriate genetic mouse models. αSMA+ myofibroblasts, unique class dermal fibroblasts, are associated with cutaneous healing but their precise function unknown. We demonstrate that depletion myofibroblasts pleiotropic defects, including reepithelialization granulation, dampened angiogenesis, heightened hypoxia, hallmarks wounds. Other wound-associated FAP+ FSP1+ fibroblasts do not exhibit such dominant functions. While type I collagen (COL1) expressing cells play role in the process, COL1 produced by surprisingly dispensable repair. In contrast, we show β1 integrin from TGFβRII, healing, facilitating contractility, reepithelization, vascularization. Collectively, our study provides evidence functions integrin-mediated potential implications treating

Language: Английский

---

Mesenchymal (Stem) Stromal Cells Based as New Therapeutic Alternative in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Basic Mechanisms, Experimental and Clinical Evidence, and Challenges

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(16), P. 8905 - 8905

Published: Aug. 10, 2022

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are an example of chronic affecting 40% the population, which involved tissue damage and inflammatory process not satisfactorily controlled with current therapies. Data suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may be a therapeutic option for these processes, especially IBD, due to their multifactorial approaches such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, regenerative, angiogenic, anti-tumor, or anti-microbial. However, MSC therapy is associated important limitations safety issues, handling difficulties purposes, high economic cost. MSC-derived secretome products (conditioned medium extracellular vesicles) therefore in IBD they exhibit similar effects parent avoid issues cell therapy. In this review, we proposed further studies choose ideal source treat implementation new standardized production strategies, quality controls integration other technologies, hydrogels, improve derived-MSC IBD.

Language: Английский

---