Current Insights and Progress in the Clinical Management of Head and Neck Cancer

Cancers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(24), P. 6079 - 6079

Published: Dec. 10, 2022

Head and neck cancer (HNC), also known as the that can affect structures between dura mater pleura, is 6th most common type of cancer. This heterogeneous group malignancies usually treated with a combination surgery radio- chemotherapy, depending on if disease localized or at an advanced stage. However, HNC patients are diagnosed stage, resulting in death half these patients. Thus, prognosis recurrent/metastatic HNC, especially squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), notably poorer than HNC. review explores epidemiology etiologic factors histopathology this cancer, diagnosis methods treatment approaches currently available. Moreover, special interest given to novel therapies used treat subtypes worse prognosis, exploring immunotherapies targeted/multi-targeted drugs undergoing clinical trials, well light-based (i.e., photodynamic photothermal therapies).

Language: Английский

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Precision Medicine in Head and Neck Cancers: Genomic and Preclinical Approaches

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 854 - 854

Published: May 24, 2022

Head and neck cancers (HNCs) represent the sixth most widespread malignancy worldwide. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapeutic immunotherapeutic drugs main clinical approaches for HNC patients. Moreover, HNCs are characterised by an elevated mutational load; however, specific genetic mutations or biomarkers have not yet been found. In this scenario, personalised medicine is showing its efficacy. To study reliability effects of treatments, preclinical research can take advantage next-generation sequencing innovative technologies that developed to obtain genomic multi-omic profiles drive treatments. The crosstalk between malignant healthy components, as well interactions with extracellular matrices, important features which responsible treatment failure. Preclinical has constantly implemented in vitro vivo models mimic natural tumour microenvironment. Among them, 3D systems reproduce mass architecture, such biomimetic scaffolds organoids. addition, changed over last decades overcome problems animal management complexity time-consuming experiments. review, we will explore new aimed improve tools apply precision a therapeutic option patients affected HNCs.

Language: Английский

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Novel formats of antibody conjugates: recent advances in payload diversity, conjugation, and linker chemistry

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(11), P. 1053 - 1065

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Introduction In the field of bioconjugates, focus on antibody – drug conjugates (ADCs) with novel payloads beyond traditional categories potent cytotoxic agents is increasing. These innovative ADCs exhibit various molecular formats, ranging from small-molecule payloads, such as immune agonists and proteolytic agents, to macromolecular oligonucleotides proteins.

Language: Английский

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m7G‐related genes—NCBP2 and EIF4E3 determine immune contexture in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating CCL4/CCL5 expression

Molecular Carcinogenesis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(8), P. 1091 - 1106

Published: April 17, 2023

Aberrant N7 -methylguanosine (m7G) levels closely correlate with tumor genesis and progression. NCBP2 EIF4E3 are two important m7G-related cap-binding genes. This study aimed to identify the relationship between EIF4E3/NCBP2 function immunological characteristics of head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Hierarchical clustering was employed in classifying HNSCC patients into groups based on expressions EIF4E3. The differentially expressed genes were identified groups, GO functional enrichment subsequently performed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis conducted hub related expression immunity. differential infiltration immune cells response immunotherapy compared groups. Single-cell sequence trajectory analyses performed predict differentiation display each state. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR, spatial transcriptome analysis, transwell assay, western blotting verify biological EIF4E3/NCBP2. Here, group A showed a higher lower expression, which had scores, proportion most cells, activities, immunomodulatory targets, better cancer immunotherapy. Besides, 56 molecules notable regulation significance identified. risk model containing 17 prognostic nomogram successfully established. Moreover, tissues than normal tissues. played vital role monocytes. Furthermore, CCL4/CCL5 can be regulated via overexpression knockdown. Collectively, affect downstream as well contexture immunotherapy, could induce "cold-to-hot" transformation patients.

Language: Английский

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Progress in the study of reproductive toxicity of platinum-based antitumor drugs and their means of prevention

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Platinum-based antitumor drugs are broad-spectrum agents with unique mechanisms of action. Combination chemotherapy regimens based on platinum commonly used in cancer treatment. However, these can cause various adverse reactions the human body through different routes administration, including reproductive toxicity, genetic and embryonic developmental toxicity. Preventing effects is crucial to enhance patients' quality life reduce healthcare costs. This article discusses types history active compounds, their action, potential reproductive, genetic, text explores preventive measures animal experimental results. Its aim provide references for personalized treatment occupational protection when using drugs. The continuous progress science technology, along deepening medical research, suggests that application will broaden. Therefore, development new be an important direction future research.

Language: Английский

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Disulfiram/Copper Activates ER Stress to Promote Immunogenic Cell Death of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 82(2), P. 1291 - 1298

Published: May 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Guanylate binding protein 5 is an immune‐related biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective prognostic study with bioinformatic analysis

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(13)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Background Cancer utilizes immunosuppressive mechanisms to create a tumor microenvironment favorable for its progression. The purpose of this study is histologically characterize the immunological properties oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and identify key molecules involved in patient prognosis. Methods First, overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from OSCC transcriptome data public databases. Correlation analysis DEGs with known immune‐related identified immune OSCC. Next, stromal patterns classified immunohistochemical staining was performed markers (CD3, CD4, Foxp3, CD8, CD20, CD68, CD163), programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) resected specimens obtained 110 patients who underwent resection. Correlations between each factor their prognostic impact analyzed. Results Among novel OSCC‐specific (including ADAMDEC1 , CXCL9 CXCL13 DPT GBP5 IDO1 PLA2G7 ), selected as target gene. Histopathologic showed that multiple T‐cell subsets CD20‐positive cells less common advanced stages, whereas CD163‐positive more stages. immature type pattern category associated infiltration, lower expression PD‐L1 cells, stroma, shorter overall survival recurrence‐free survival. Expression stroma correlated infiltration tumors cells. Patients low high had significantly longer Conclusions may reflect both invasive immunomodulatory potentials cancer‐associated fibroblasts has been suggested potential biomarker predict prognosis therapeutic efficacy checkpoint inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Current Challenges in Head and Neck Cancer Management

Cancers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 358 - 358

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

More than 500,000 new cases of head and neck cancer (HNC) occur each year worldwide [...].

Language: Английский

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Mechanism of METTL14 and m6A modification of lncRNA MALAT1 in the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells

Oral Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 2012 - 2026

Published: April 25, 2022

Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) plays an epigenetic role in various cancer through N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. This study sought to analyze the mechanism of METTL14 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) proliferation.Expression levels METTL14, lncRNA metastasis associated with lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA MALAT1), microRNA (miR)-224-5p, and histone lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A) OSCC tissues (N = 40), lines (FaDu, SCC-25, CAL-27, SCC-15) were detected. Cell viability colony formation capacity assessed. m6A level, stability, subcellular localization MALAT1 determined. Nude mouse xenograft tumor assay was performed confirm vivo.METTL14 upregulated, miR-224-5p downregulated cells. Silencing repressed formation. Overexpression KDM2A or downregulation reversed inhibition silencing on proliferation. induced modification upregulate MALAT1. is comparatively bound promote transcription. In vivo, promoted growth via regulating MALAT1/miR-224-5p/ KDM2A.Overall, our findings verified therapeutic treatment MALAT1/miR-224-5p/KDM2A axis.

Language: Английский

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MALAT1 as a potential salivary biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma through targeting miRNA‐124

Oral Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(4), P. 2075 - 2083

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Abstract Objectives To determine the diagnostic accuracy of long non‐coding RNA “MALAT1” measured in saliva patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and assess salivary expression microRNA‐124, which MALAT1 targets. Subjects Methods Forty subjects were collected a consecutive pattern allocated into two groups. Group A included 20 OSCC, while B healthy subjects. Salivary microRNA (miRNA)‐124 was evaluated study groups using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction correlated histopathological examination OSCC Results yielded statistically significant higher than controls lower miRNA‐124 controls. There is inverse relationship between miRNA‐124. Moreover, there difference samples from metastatic cases compared non‐metastatic cases, as well lymph node involvement those without involvement. At cut‐off value 2.24, exhibited 95% sensitivity 90% specificity differentiating Conclusion acts sponge for could be potential biomarker OSCC.

Language: Английский

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