The Impact of Drought Stress on Soil Microbial Community, Enzyme Activities and Plants

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 189 - 189

Published: Jan. 13, 2022

Nowadays, the most significant consequence of climate change is drought stress. Drought one important, alarming, and hazardous abiotic stresses responsible for alterations in soil environment affecting organisms, including microorganisms plants. It alters activity functional composition that are crucial ecosystem functions services. These stress conditions decrease microbial abundance, disturb structure, decline activity, enzyme production (e.g., such as oxidoreductases, hydrolases, dehydrogenase, catalase, urease, phosphatases, β-glucosidase) nutrient cycling, leading to a fertility followed by lower plant productivity loss economy. Interestingly, negative effects on can be minimized adding organic substances compost, sewage slugs, or municipal solid waste increases enzymes. directly affects morphology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry. Its effect plants also observed changes at transcriptomic metabolomic levels. However, plants, it mitigated rhizosphere communities, especially growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) fungi (PGPF) adapt their structural compositions water scarcity. This review was undertaken discuss impacts community structure growth development, role this process. Microbial considered terms activities, pools, fluxes, processes terrestrial carbon (C) nitrogen (N) cycles. A deep understanding many aspects necessary explore these extreme events. We focus addressing possible ways genome editing, molecular analysis (metagenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics) towards finding better solutions mitigating managing agricultural practices under harsh condition profitable manner.

Language: Английский

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Microorganisms in Plant Growth and Development: Roles in Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Secondary Metabolites Secretion

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1528 - 1528

Published: July 28, 2022

Crops aimed at feeding an exponentially growing population are often exposed to a variety of harsh environmental factors. Although plants have evolved ways adjusting their metabolism and some also been engineered tolerate stressful environments, there is still shortage food supply. An alternative approach explore the possibility using rhizosphere microorganisms in mitigation abiotic stress hopefully improve production. Several studies shown that rhizobacteria mycorrhizae organisms can help tolerance by enhancing plant growth; stimulating production phytohormones, siderophores, solubilizing phosphates; lowering ethylene levels; upregulating expression dehydration response antioxidant genes. This article shows secretion secondary metabolites as additional mechanism employed against stress. The understanding these mechanisms will efficacy plant-growth-promoting microorganisms.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the significance of rhizosphere: Implications for plant growth, stress response, and sustainable agriculture

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 206, P. 108290 - 108290

Published: Dec. 22, 2023

In the rhizosphere, activities within all processes and functions are primarily influenced by plant roots, microorganisms present in interactions between roots microorganisms. The a dynamic zone surrounding provides an ideal environment for diverse microbial community, which significantly shapes growth development. Microbial activity rhizosphere can promote increasing nutrient availability, influencing hormonal signaling, repelling or outcompeting pathogenic strains. Understanding associations soil has potential to revolutionize crop yields, improve productivity, minimize reliance on chemical fertilizers, sustainable technologies. microbiome could play vital role next green revolution contribute eco-friendly agriculture. However, there still knowledge gaps concerning root-environment interactions, particularly regarding Advances metabolomics have helped understand communication plants biota, yet challenges persist. This article overview of latest advancements comprehending interplay microbes, been shown impact crucial factors such as growth, gene expression, absorption, pest disease resistance, alleviation abiotic stress. By improving these aspects, agriculture practices be implemented increase overall productivity ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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The Microbial Connection to Sustainable Agriculture

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2307 - 2307

Published: June 14, 2023

Microorganisms are an important element in modeling sustainable agriculture. Their role soil fertility and health is crucial maintaining plants' growth, development, yield. Further, microorganisms impact agriculture negatively through disease emerging diseases. Deciphering the extensive functionality structural diversity within plant-soil microbiome necessary to effectively deploy these organisms Although both plant have been studied over decades, efficiency of translating laboratory greenhouse findings field largely dependent on ability inoculants or beneficial colonize maintain stability ecosystem. its environment two variables that influence microbiome's structure. Thus, recent years, researchers looked into engineering would enable them modify microbial communities order increase effectiveness inoculants. The environments believed support resistance biotic abiotic stressors, fitness, productivity. Population characterization manipulation, as well identification potential biofertilizers biocontrol agents. Next-generation sequencing approaches identify culturable non-culturable microbes associated with expanded our knowledge this area. Additionally, genome editing multidisciplinary omics methods provided scientists a framework engineer dependable high yield, resistance, nutrient cycling, management stressors. In review, we present overview agriculture, engineering, translation technology field, main used by laboratories worldwide study microbiome. These initiatives advancement green technologies

Language: Английский

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Impact of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Environment on the Metabolic Profile of Medicinal Plants and Their Therapeutic Potential

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 913 - 913

Published: March 21, 2024

The paper provides a comprehensive examination of heavy metal stress on medicinal plants, focusing its impact antioxidant capacity and biosynthetic pathways critical to their therapeutic potential. It explores the complex relationship between metals physiological biochemical responses highlighting how disrupts pathways, altering concentrations secondary metabolites. This disruption may compromise overall quality efficacy requiring holistic understanding cumulative impacts. Furthermore, study discusses potential targeted genetic editing enhance plant resilience against by manipulating genes associated with defenses. approach represents promising frontier in safeguarding plants metal-contaminated environments. Additionally, research investigates role phytohormone signaling adaptive mechanisms stress, revealing influence responses, thereby adding complexity adaptation. underscores importance innovative technologies global cooperation protecting plants’ highlights need for mitigation strategies address contamination effectively.

Language: Английский

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Salinity Stress Resilience in Sorghum bicolor through Pseudomonas-Mediated Modulation of Growth, Antioxidant System, and Eco-Physiological Adaptations

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 940 - 954

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Increased soluble salts in soil and irrigation water threaten the sustainability of crops. This causes food insecurity directly by reducing staple crop yield indirectly limiting fodder forage production. Recently, plant-growth-promoting rhizosphere microorganism utilization improved productivity under stress. Therefore, this research was conducted to find Sorghum bicolor growth improvement potential exogenous application five different Pseudomonas strains salinity a pot experiment. The applied with 1/2-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution as 0 100 mM NaCl for 30 days. Results indicated that reduced vegetative parameters stress-responsive biochemicals nonbacterial treated plants. However, plants exhibited notable increases growth, relative content, antioxidant enzyme activities, osmolytes, photosynthetic pigments salinity. ionic imbalance also due improving K+ K+/Na+ ratios P. aeruginosa strain SAHK (OQ194056) putida AHK_SHA007 (OR468335) were found be promising compared other increasing stress tolerance. augmentation plant's system maintenance ion homeostasis served strategy enhance plant salt

Language: Английский

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Forest Soil Microbiomes: A Review of Key Research from 2003 to 2023

Forests, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 148 - 148

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Forests have a key role in mitigating both non-biological and biological ecological disturbances. However, major disturbances (soil pollution, shift from native forest species to exoticones, forested watersheds climate changes) can different impacts on forest’s soil microbiome. Because the microbial community of forests has variety ecosystem services that promote health, this review tries answer following questions: (i) Which are main drive responses microbiome? (ii) How we measure these changes? For aim, summarizes details tree vegetation type, communities ecosystems, mutual influence between plants, soil, microbiomes. Microbial shaped by factors such as type composition, plant types, nutrient levels fertility, disturbance patterns, symbiotic associations, biotic interactions, progression succession. Anthropogenic activities produce rapid response communities, leading short- long-term alterations. Harvesting processes reduce drastically microbiome diversity, forcing specialized more generalist microorganisms. Restoration scenarios indicate re-establishment level similar forest, but with high percentage replaced This emphasizes is range environmental, ecological, factors. The primary drivers ecosystems discussed include composition availability, structure, interactions within disturbances, succession, temporal dynamics. When considered together, interact complex ways, influencing function, resilience ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Plant–Microbe Interaction: Aboveground to Belowground, from the Good to the Bad

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(19), P. 10388 - 10388

Published: Sept. 27, 2021

Soil health and fertility issues are constantly addressed in the agricultural industry. Through continuous prolonged use of chemical heavy systems, most lands have been impacted, resulting plateaued or reduced productivity. As such, to invigorate industry, we would resort alternative practices that will restore soil fertility. Therefore, recent decades, studies directed towards taking a Magellan voyage rhizosphere region, identify diversity, density, microbial population structure soil, predict possible ways health. Microbes inhabit this region possess niche functions, such as stimulation promotion plant growth, disease suppression, management toxicity, cycling utilization nutrients. should be conducted microbes groups organisms assigned functions. Based on above, article reviews aboveground below-ground microbiomes, their roles immunity, physiological challenges tools available studying these organisms. The information collected over years may contribute toward future applications, designing sustainable agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Intercropping Walnut and Tea: Effects on Soil Nutrients, Enzyme Activity, and Microbial Communities

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 18, 2022

The practice of intercropping, which involves growing more than one crop simultaneously during the same season, is becoming important for increasing soil quality, land-use efficiency, and subsequently productivity. present study examined changes in physicochemical properties, enzymatic activity, microbial community composition when walnut (

Language: Английский

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From Lab to Field: Biofertilizers in the 21st Century

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(12), P. 1306 - 1306

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

Nowadays, legal regulations and social environmental concerns are converging towards the promotion of more sustainable agriculture based on organic compounds soil preservation. These trends fuelling growth biofertilizers, which beneficial preparations containing microorganisms able to enhance a plant’s ability uptake essential nutrients. Their production commercialization encompass multitude critical steps deeply reviewed in this manuscript through an exhaustive overview key stages, such as microorganism selection, new sources, upscaling field trials, encapsulation, current application systems regulatory considerations. However, although economical expectations promising, several methodological, environmental, undermining their advancement. The redefinition international frameworks, enhancement trending technologies, fostering multidisciplinary collaboration across sectors players promote biofertilizers eco-friendly cost-effective alternatives chemical fertilizers.

Language: Английский

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