AMB Express,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Aug. 4, 2023
Abstract
Candida
albicans
infections
are
threatening
public
health
but
there
only
several
antifungal
drugs
available.
This
study
was
to
assess
the
effects
of
dehydrocostus
lactone
(DL)
on
growth
and
biofilms
Microdilution
assays
revealed
that
DL
inhibits
a
panel
standard
species,
including
C.
,
as
well
9
clinical
isolates.
The
morphological
transition
in
RPMI-1640
medium
adhesion
polystyrene
surfaces
can
also
be
decreased
by
treatment,
evidenced
microscopic,
metabolic
activity
colony
forming
unit
(CFU)
counting
assays.
XTT
assay
microscopy
inspection
demonstrated
inhibit
.
Confocal
following
propidium
iodide
(PI)
staining
DCFH-DA
after
treatment
increase
membrane
permeability
intracellular
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
production.
N
-acetyl-cysteine
could
mitigate
inhibitory
growth,
biofilm
formation,
further
confirming
ROS
production
induced
contributes
its
antibiofilm
effects.
showed
against
mechanisms
may
involve
damage
overproduction.
shows
potential
fight
infections.
Current Research in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4, P. 100057 - 100057
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
The
research
interest
of
the
scientific
community
in
biofilm-forming
microorganisms
is
growing
due
to
problems
caused
by
their
infections
affecting
humans
and
animals,
mainly
because
difficulty
host
immune
system
eradicating
these
microbial
complex
communities
increasing
antimicrobial
resistance
rates
worldwide.
This
review
describes
virulence
factors
interaction
with
four
well-known
highly
pathogens,
more
exactly,
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa,
Escherichia
coli,
Staphylococcus
spp.,
Candida
spp.
innate
adaptive
responses
infection
evasion
biofilm
formation
are
discussed
present
work.
relevance
differences
expression
certain
response
biofilm-associated
when
compared
planktonic
usually
described
as
architecture
protects
pathogen
alters
responses,
here
we
extensively
mechanisms.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(23), P. 3927 - 3927
Published: Dec. 4, 2022
The
balance
between
M1
and
M2
macrophage
polarization
is
involved
in
the
regulation
of
pulmonary
inflammation.
Nuclear
factor
erythroid-derived
2-like
2
(Nfe2l2,
also
known
as
Nrf2),
a
nuclear
transcription
factor,
reported
to
play
protective
roles
acute
lung
injury
(ALI)
inflammation,
increasing
evidence
indicates
that
effects
Nrf2
are
closely
related
autophagy.
This
study
aimed
explore
whether
sepsis-induced
inflammation
role
process.
In
present
study,
sepsis
patients,
an
knockout
mouse
underwent
cecal
ligation
puncture
(CLP),
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-treated
cell
lines
were
employed
investigate
potential
functions
underlying
mechanisms.
Clinical
studies
showed
NRF2
mRNA
level
was
inversely
correlated
with
disease
severity
patients
sepsis.
Analyses
CLP-treated
model
indicated
deficiency
promoted
CLP-induced
increase
apoptosis
inhibited
upregulation
autophagy
tissues.
Experiments
RAW264.7
cells
revealed
overexpression
but
by
improving
autophagy,
PPARγ
NF-κB
translocation.
conclusion,
these
results
indicate
plays
through
autophagy-
NF-κB/PPARγ-mediated
polarization.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(17), P. 2674 - 2674
Published: Aug. 28, 2022
TcpC
is
a
multifunctional
virulence
factor
of
Uropathogenic
Escherichia
coli
(UPEC).
Macrophages
can
differentiate
into
two
different
subsets
M1
and
M2
that
play
distinct
roles
in
anti-infection
immunity.
Here,
we
investigate
the
influence
on
M1/M2
polarization
potential
mechanisms.
Our
data
showed
markers
CD86
iNOS
were
significantly
inhibited,
while
CD163,
CD206
Arg-1
enhanced
macrophages
kidneys
from
TcpC-secreting
wild-type
CFT073
(CFT073wt)-infected
pyelonephritis
mouse
model,
compared
with
those
knockout
mutant
(CFT073Δtcpc)-infected
mice.
CFT073wt
or
recombinant
(rTcpC)
treatment
inhibits
LPS
+
IFN-γ-induced
CD80,
CD86,
TNF-α
expression,
but
promotes
IL-4-induced
CD206,
IL-10
expression
both
human
macrophage
cell
lines
THP-1
J774A.1.
Moreover,
rTcpC
attenuated
phosphorylation
p38,
ERK,
p50
p65
Akt
STAT6.
These
suggest
by
down-regulation
ERK/NF-κB
up-regulation
Akt/STAT6
signaling
pathway,
respectively.
findings
not
only
illuminate
regulatory
effects
its
related
pathways,
also
provide
novel
mechanism
underlying
TcpC-mediated
immune
evasion
macrophage-mediated
innate
Journal of Inflammation Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 17, P. 4683 - 4700
Published: July 1, 2024
ALI(acute
lung
injury)
is
a
severe
respiratory
dysfunction
caused
by
various
intrapulmonary
and
extrapulmonary
factors.
It
primarily
characterized
oxidative
stress
affects
the
integrity
of
pulmonary
barrier.
In
cases,
ALI
can
progress
to
ARDS(acute
distress
syndrome),
condition
that
poses
serious
threat
lives
affected
patients.
To
date,
etiological
mechanisms
underlying
remain
elusive,
available
therapeutic
options
are
quite
limited.
AMPK(AMP-activated
protein
kinase),
an
essential
serine/threonine
kinase,
performs
pivotal
function
in
regulation
cellular
energy
levels
regulatory
mechanisms,
including
detection
redox
signals
mitigating
stress.
Meanwhile,
Nrf2(nuclear
factor
erythroid
2-related
2),
critical
transcription
factor,
alleviates
inflammation
responses
interacting
with
multiple
signaling
pathways
contributing
modulation
enzymes
associated
programmed
cell
death.
Indeed,
AMPK
induces
dissociation
Nrf2
from
Keap1(kelch-like
ECH-associated
protein-1)
facilitates
its
translocation
into
nucleus
trigger
downstream
antioxidant
genes,
ultimately
suppressing
expression
inflammatory
cells
lungs.
Given
their
roles,
hold
promise
as
novel
treatment
targets
for
ALI.
This
study
aimed
summarise
current
status
research
on
AMPK/Nrf2
pathway
ALI,
encompassing
recently
reported
natural
compounds
drugs
activate
alleviate
injury,
provide
theoretical
reference
early
intervention
injury
future
protection.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
21, P. 194 - 208
Published: Aug. 26, 2022
Tendinopathy
is
a
common
musculoskeletal
disorder
which
results
in
chronic
pain
and
reduced
performance.
The
therapeutic
effect
of
stem
cell
derived-small
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
for
tendinopathy
has
been
validated
recent
years.
However,
whether
large
(lEVs),
another
subset
vesicles,
possesses
the
ability
improvement
remains
unknown.
Here,
we
showed
that
lEVs
secreted
from
iPSC-derived
MSCs
(iMSC-lEVs)
significantly
mitigated
derived
rats.
Immunohistochemical
analysis
iMSC-lEVs
regulated
heterogeneity
infiltrated
macrophages
several
inflammatory
cytokines
rat
tendon
tissue.
Meanwhile,
vitro
experiments
revealed
M1
pro-inflammatory
were
repolarized
towards
M2
anti-inflammatory
by
iMSC-lEVs,
this
was
mediated
regulating
p38
MAPK
pathway.
Moreover,
liquid
chromatography-tandem
mass
spectrometry
identified
2208
proteins
encapsulated
including
134
new-found
beyond
current
Vesiclepedia
database.
By
bioinformatics
Western
blot
analyses,
DUSP2
DUSP3,
negative
regulator
phosphorylation,
enriched
could
be
transported
to
macrophages.
Further,
immunomodulatory
on
explant
tissue
patients.
Taken
together,
our
demonstrate
reduce
inflammation
macrophage
heterogeneity,
via
pathway
delivery
might
promising
candidate
therapy.
