Drug Discovery Today, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(12), P. 103821 - 103821
Published: Nov. 5, 2023
Language: Английский
Journal of Ovarian Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)
Published: Jan. 11, 2023
Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by chronic ovulation dysfunction and overabundance of androgens; it affects 6–20% women reproductive age. PCOS involves various pathophysiological factors, affected usually have significant insulin resistance (IR), which major cause PCOS. IR compensatory hyperinsulinaemia differing pathogeneses in tissues, varies among different phenotypes. Genetic epigenetic changes, hyperandrogenaemia, obesity aggravate IR. Insulin sensitization drugs are new treatment modality for We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, UpToDate databases this review, focused on the pathogenesis with pathophysiology tissues. In addition, review provides comprehensive overview current progress efficacy therapy management PCOS, providing latest evidence clinical
Language: Английский
Citations
162
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 114687 - 114687
Published: April 14, 2023
Cancer is still the leading cause of death worldwide, burdening global medical system. Rosmarinic acid (RA) among first secondary metabolites discovered and it a bioactive compound identified in plants such as Boraginaceae Nepetoideae subfamilies Lamiaceae family, including Thymus masticmasti chinaythia koreana, Ocimum sanctum, Hyptis pectinate. This updated review to highlight chemopreventive chemotherapeutic effects RA its derivatives, thus providing valuable clues for potential development some complementary drugs treatment cancers. Relevant information about RA's derivatives were collected from electronic scientific databases, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, TRIP database, Web Science, Science Direct. The results studies showed numerous significant biological antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, antioxidant antiangiogenic effects. Most on anticancer with corresponding mechanisms are experimental preclinical stage missing evidence clinical trials support research. To open new therapeutic perspectives future must elucidate molecular targets action more detail, human toxic adverse
Language: Английский
Citations
66
Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Jan. 26, 2024
This is a narrative review of the progress research on correlation between insulin resistance and infertility. Insulin (IR) not only involved in development various metabolic diseases, but also affects female reproductive function, to some extent closely related IR may increase risk infertility by activating oxidative stress, interfering with energy metabolism, affecting oocyte development, embryo quality endometrial tolerance, hormone secretion implantation, as well assisted conception outcomes infertile populations reducing success rate technology treatment populations. In addition, associated spontaneous abortion, gestational diabetes other adverse pregnancies, if corrected time, obesity diseases offspring long term. article provides relationship provide new ideas for
Language: Английский
Citations
19
PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0313494 - e0313494
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a primary endocrine disorder affecting premenopausal women involving metabolic dysregulation. We aimed to screen serum biomarkers in PCOS patients using untargeted lipidomics and ensemble machine learning. Serum from non-PCOS subjects were collected for analysis. Through analyzing the classification of differential lipid metabolites association between clinical indexes, learning, data preprocessing, statistical test pre-screening, learning method secondary screening, verification evaluation, diagnostic panel model construction performed on lipidomics. Results indicated that different not only differ groups but also have close effects corresponding indexes. PI (18:0/20:3)-H PE (18:1p/22:6)-H identified as candidate biomarkers. Three models, logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, showed screened had better ability effect. In addition, correlation was low, indicating overlap selected combination panels more optimized. When AUC value set constructed 0.815, model’s accuracy 0.74, specificity 0.88, sensitivity 0.7. This study demonstrated applicability robustness algorithms analyze metabolism efficient reliable biomarker screening. great potential diagnosing PCOS.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 453 - 453
Published: Feb. 12, 2025
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, characterized by a broad spectrum clinical, metabolic, and ultrasound findings. Over time, has evolved into cornerstone for diagnosing polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), thanks to advances probe technology, 3D imaging, novel stromal markers. The recent incorporation artificial intelligence (AI) further enhances diagnostic precision reducing operator-related variability. Methods: We conducted narrative review English-language articles PubMed Embase using keywords "PCOS", "polycystic syndrome", "ultrasound", "3D ultrasound", "ovarian stroma". Studies on criteria, imaging modalities, assessment, machine-learning algorithms were prioritized. Additional references identified via citation screening. Results: Conventional 2D remains essential clinical practice, with follicle number per (FNPO) volume (OV) functioning as primary criteria. However, sensitivity specificity values vary significantly depending frequency, cut-off thresholds (≥12, ≥20, or ≥25 follicles), patient characteristics (e.g., adolescence, obesity). Three-dimensional (3D) Doppler techniques refine PCOS diagnosis enabling automated measurements, stromal/ovarian area ratio assessments, evaluation vascular indices correlating strongly hyperandrogenism. Meanwhile, AI-driven analysis emerged promising tool minimizing observer bias validating advanced metrics SA/OA ratio) that may overcome traditional limitations stroma-based Conclusions: continual evolution ultrasound, encompassing higher frequencies, enhancements, now AI-assisted algorithms, expanded our ability characterize PCOM accurately. Nevertheless, challenges such operator dependency inter-observer variability persist despite standardized protocols; integration AI holds promise enhancing accuracy. Future directions should focus robust training datasets, multicenter validation, age-/BMI-specific cut-offs optimize balance between specificity, ultimately facilitating earlier more precise diagnoses.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Medical Clinics of North America, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 107(2), P. 227 - 234
Published: Dec. 26, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
51
Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1176 - 1176
Published: Feb. 22, 2022
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have a lower prevalence in women than men; although, higher mortality rate and poorer prognosis are more common women. However, there is misperception of CVD female risk since commonly been considered protected so that the real threat vastly underestimated. Consequently, patients likely to be treated less aggressively, diagnostic interventional procedures performed men. In addition, substantial sex differences CVD, different strategies needed. This review aims evaluate main gender-specific approaches CVD.
Language: Английский
Citations
46
Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 313, P. 137463 - 137463
Published: Dec. 2, 2022
In recent years, the reproductive toxicity of new bisphenol analogs has garnered much interest, but it remains to be determined whether affect polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). This study utilized data from a multicenter hospital-based case-control conducted in 2014–2016 examine association between endocrine-disrupting chemicals and infertility China. 321 PCOS cases 412 controls were included current analysis. We quantified seven urine samples, including A (BPA), AP (BPAP), AF (BPAF), B (BPB), S (BPS), P (BPP), Z (BPZ). Spearman correlation generalized linear regression used assessing relationship hormonal parameters. To with odds PCOS, multiple logistic regression, two multi-pollutant models [quantile-based g-computation (QGC) extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) methods] used. After covariates adjustment, BPA, BPS, BPAF positively correlated testosterone (T) control group (P < 0.05). Dose-response relationships discovered BPZ, quartiles PCOS. Mixed exposure was found associated (adjusted ratio = 1.26; 1.12–1.45), which primarily driven by BPS (weight 0.51), BPZ 0.26), 0.23). Women who overweight or obese tended have stronger than normal-weight women. Environmental increased this study. among
Language: Английский
Citations
40
Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: Sept. 6, 2022
Canagliflozin (CANA), a kind of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibition, study in which the role CANA monotherapy polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been investigated, and it could become novel option PCOS treatment. Nevertheless, trials focused on SGLT-2 combination therapy's efficacy, safety patients are limited. This randomized controlled trial compared efficacy metformin (MET) therapy MET endocrine metabolic profiles overweight obese women with (PCOS).Fifty-one or non-diabetic between 18 40 years old were enrolled. Patients randomly allocated to receive either CANA/MET The group received 100 mg once daily plus 1000 twice daily, while for three months. Changes menstrual pattern, anthropometric parameters, gonadal glucose lipid homeostasis, adverse events (AEs) evaluated.Compared group, have significantly lower level total testosterone (TT), area under curve (AUCGlu), insulin (AUCIns) AUCGlu ratio group. There no significant differences frequency, body weight, mass index, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing free androgen sex hormone-binding globulin, androstenedione, fasting blood glucose, insulin, AUCIns, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1), B B), APO B/A1 ratio. AEs seen 57.70% (15/26) 68.00% (17/25) groups, respectively.In PCOS, may be similar improving weight control, hyperandrogenemia, relieving resistance. more benefits reducing TT, AUCGlu, AUCIns/AUCGlu within months than monotherapy.ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04973891.
Language: Английский
Citations
39
European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(1)
Published: Sept. 14, 2023
Abstract Cancer poses a significant global health challenge, with predictions of increasing prevalence in the coming years due to limited prevention, late diagnosis, and inadequate success current therapies. In addition, high cost new anti-cancer drugs creates barriers meeting medical needs cancer patients, especially developing countries. The lengthy costly process novel further hinders drug discovery clinical implementation. Therefore, there has been growing interest repurposing approved for other diseases address urgent need effective treatments. aim this comprehensive review is provide an overview potential non-oncology as therapeutic options treatment. These come from various chemotherapeutic classes, including antimalarials, antibiotics, antivirals, anti-inflammatory drugs, antifungals, have demonstrated antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, antimetastatic properties. A systematic literature was conducted identify relevant studies on therapy. Various electronic databases, such PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, were searched using appropriate keywords. Studies focusing potential, mechanisms action, efficacy, prospects repurposed treatment included analysis. highlights promising outcomes Drugs belonging different classes notable antitumor effects, inhibiting cell proliferation, promoting apoptosis, modulating immune response, suppressing metastasis. findings suggest these approaches Repurposing provides strategy addressing accessible diverse their properties, offer avenues Further research trials are warranted explore full optimize use treating types. can significantly expedite identifying treatments improve patient cost-effective manner.
Language: Английский
Citations
35