Closer look at circulating nitric oxide levels and their association with polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta-analytical exploration

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(12)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) casts a wide shadow over the reproductive health of millions women worldwide, emerging as one most complex and multifaceted endocrine disorders. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) stands out pivotal signaling molecule, orchestrating symphony physiological processes.Objective: This meta-analysis aims to elucidate association between NO levels PCOS, investigate potential biomarker for PCOS diagnosis, evaluate its clinical significance.Materials Methods: A systematic review was conducted in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Web Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, identify relevant studies published up January 2024. Standardized mean difference 95% CI were calculated using random effects model assess overall effect size. Meta-regressions subgroup analysis performed sources heterogeneity.Results: 14 with 1171 participants showed that significantly lower group than control group. The pooled yielded standardized -0.482; CI: -0.908 -0.056; p = 0.027. Subgroup analyses further demonstrated variations different phenotypes relation metabolic parameters.Conclusion: provides evidence an dysregulated suggests role diagnosis pathogenesis PCOS.

Language: Английский

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Questioning PCOS phenotypes for reclassification and tailored therapy

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 694 - 703

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Controversies in Diagnosis

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1559 - 1559

Published: April 26, 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder that commonly affects women in the reproductive age group. The has features propose blend of functional disorders, such as anovulation hyperandrogenism, metabolic hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity women. Until today, three implemented groups criteria for diagnosis PCOS are from National Institutes Health (NIH) 1990s, Rotterdam 2003, Androgen Excess Ovary Syndrome 2009 criteria. Currently, most widely utilized 2003 criteria, which validate with incidence two out criteria: hyperandrogenism (clinical and/or biochemical), irregular cycles, polycystic morphology. anti-Müllerian hormone serum introduced substitute follicular count controversially emerging an official ovarian morphology/PCOS marker. In adolescents, crucial factors cycles. Recently, artificial intelligence, specifically machine learning, being promising diagnostic predictive tool minimal to zero error would help clinical decisions regarding early management treatment. Throughout this review, we focused on pathophysiology, features, challenges females PCOS.

Language: Английский

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The Role of MicroRNA, Long Non-Coding RNA and Circular RNA in the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Literature Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 903 - 903

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-metabolic disease in females of reproductive age, affecting 4–20% pre-menopausal women worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, single-stranded, non-coding, regulatory ribonucleic acid molecules found eukaryotic cells. Abnormal miRNA expression has been associated with several diseases and could possibly explain their underlying pathophysiology. MiRNAs have extensively studied for potential diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic uses many diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, PCOS, endometriosis. In miRNAs were to be abnormally expressed theca cells, follicular fluid, granulosa peripheral blood leukocytes, serum, adipose tissue when compared those without making a useful biomarker disease. Key pathways involved folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, cellular adhesion, regulated by miRNA. This also highlights importance prognostic markers. addition, recent evidence suggests role regulating circadian rhythm (CR). CR crucial reproduction through various functions hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis ovaries. A disordered affects outcomes inducing insulin resistance, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation. Moreover, demonstrated interact lncRNA circRNAs, which thought play pathogenesis PCOS. review discusses what currently understood about involved, biomarkers targets.

Language: Английский

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Empowering early detection: A web-based machine learning approach for PCOS prediction

Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47, P. 101500 - 101500

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Nowadays, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects many women, making it a prevalent concern. It is hormonal disorder that causes irregular, delayed, or absent menstrual cycles in the female body. This condition can lead to development of type 2 diabetes, gestational weight gain, unwanted body hair, and various other complications. In severe cases, PCOS result infertility, posing challenge for patients trying conceive. Statistics show incidence rate has significantly increased recent years, which alarming. If identified early, people may follow their doctor's recommendations live better life. The dataset used this research contains records 541 patients. aim study employ machine learning models identify patterns disorder. information learned then inputted into algorithms assess accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision using different ML models, such as Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), AdaBoost (AB), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) among others. utilized Mutual Information model feature selection compared determine most accurate one. Employing engineering, AB RF achieved highest accuracy 94%.

Language: Английский

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Polycystic ovary syndrome and its management: In view of oxidative stress

BioMolecular Concepts, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In the past two decades, oxidative stress (OS) has drawn a lot of interest due to revelation that individuals with many persistent disorders including diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), cardiovascular, and other often have aberrant oxidation statuses. OS close interplay PCOS features such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, chronic inflammation; there is belief might contribute development PCOS. currently recognized not only one most prevalent endocrine but also significant contributor female infertility, affecting considerable proportion women globally. Therefore, understanding relationship between crucial therapeutic preventive strategies for Moreover, mechanistic study intracellular reactive oxygen species/ nitrogen species formation its possible interaction women's reproductive health required, which includes complex enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Apart from that, our current review regulation pathogenesis OS. A change in lifestyle, physical activity, various supplements boost levels, particularly vitamins, usage medicinal herbs, thought be best way combat this occurrence improve pathophysiologic conditions associated

Language: Английский

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Characteristics of Different Obesity Metabolic Indexes and their Correlation with Insulin Resistance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Reproductive Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(9), P. 2829 - 2835

Published: April 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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The signaling pathways in obesity‐related complications

Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(2)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract Obesity, a rapidly expanding epidemic worldwide, is known to exacerbate many medical conditions, making it significant factor in multiple diseases and their associated complications. This threatening linked various harmful conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, cardiovascular (CVDs), dyslipidemia, cancer. The rise urbanization sedentary lifestyles creates an environment that fosters obesity, leading both psychosocial To identify individuals at risk ensure timely treatment, crucial have better understanding of the pathophysiology obesity its comorbidities. comprehensive review highlights relationship between obesity‐associated complications, including diabetes, gastrointestinal obstructive sleep apnea. It also explores potential mechanisms underlying these associations. A thorough analysis interplay complications vital developing effective therapeutic strategies combat exponential increase global rates mitigate deadly consequences this polygenic condition.

Language: Английский

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Update on the therapeutic role of metformin in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Effects on pathophysiologic process and fertility outcomes

Women s Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Influential guidelines have supported the role of metformin in management polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for a number years. However, regulatory approvals this therapeutic indication are still exceptional and exist only few countries, including originator, Glucophage®. PCOS is an insulin-resistant state, which drives hyperandrogenism anovulatory infertility. The metabolic action involves amelioration insulin resistance, helps to resolve hormonal disturbances increases ovulation, pregnancy, live birth rates relative placebo. A combination with clomifene citrate (another widely used treatment PCOS) more effective than either alone useful option women clomifene-resistant PCOS. Combining letrozole (1st-line agent ovulation induction no other infertility risk factors) not alone. Continuing end 1st trimester at dose (e.g. 1000–2000 mg/day) may help reduce rate miscarriages. Metformin also has adjunctive receiving assisted reproduction technology (ART) using long gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist protocol, where it appears increase pregnancy ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. There short ART protocols. Where successful achieved, generally safe mother neonate. Further research needed define greater precision optimal dosage times initiate discontinue who achieve pregnancy.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiological Effects of Contemporary Lifestyle on Evolutionary-Conserved Survival Mechanisms in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 1056 - 1056

Published: April 20, 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is increasingly being characterized as an evolutionary mismatch disorder that presents with a complex mixture of metabolic and endocrine symptoms. The Evolutionary Model proposes PCOS arises from collection inherited polymorphisms have been consistently demonstrated in variety ethnic groups races. In utero developmental programming susceptible genomic variants are thought to predispose the offspring develop PCOS. Postnatal exposure lifestyle environmental risk factors results epigenetic activation developmentally programmed genes disturbance hallmarks health. resulting pathophysiological changes represent consequences poor-quality diet, sedentary behaviour, disrupting chemicals, stress, circadian disruption, other factors. Emerging evidence suggests lifestyle-induced gastrointestinal dysbiosis plays central role pathogenesis Lifestyle exposures initiate result microbiome (dysbiosis), immune dysregulation (chronic inflammation), altered metabolism (insulin resistance), reproductive imbalance (hyperandrogenism), nervous system dysfunction (neuroendocrine autonomic system). can be progressive condition leads obesity, gestational diabetes, type two metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, syndrome, cardiovascular cancer. This review explores mechanisms underpin between ancient survival pathways contemporary involved pathophysiology

Language: Английский

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