A review of the effects of different types of social behaviors on the recruitment of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in the nucleus accumbens

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101175 - 101175

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 148 - 148

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

The endocannabinoid system (eCB) has been studied to identify the molecular structures present in Cannabis sativa. eCB consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands, and associated enzymatic apparatus responsible for maintaining energy homeostasis cognitive processes. Several physiological effects cannabinoids are exerted through interactions with various such as CB1 CB2 vanilloid recently discovered G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR55, GPR3, GPR6, GPR12, GPR19). Anandamide (AEA) 2-arachidoylglycerol (2-AG), two small lipids derived from arachidonic acid, showed high-affinity binding both receptors. plays a critical role chronic pain mood disorders extensively because its wide therapeutic potential it is promising target development new drugs. Phytocannabinoids synthetic have shown varied affinities relevant treatment several neurological diseases. This review provides description components discusses how phytocannabinoids other exogenous compounds may regulate balance. Furthermore, we show hypo- or hyperfunctionality body related disorders, even integrative complementary health practices (ICHP) harmonizing eCB.

Language: Английский

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Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Conditions

Complex Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(1-4), P. 24 - 43

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Chronic pain is a common condition with high socioeconomic and public health burden. A wide range of psychiatric conditions are often comorbid chronic conditions, negatively impacting successful treatment either condition. The receiving most attention in the past regard to comorbidity has been major depressive disorder, despite fact that many other also demonstrate epidemiological genetic overlap pain. Further understanding potential mechanisms involved could lead new strategies both for each type disorder isolation scenarios comorbidity.

Language: Английский

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The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Binge Eating Disorder

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9574 - 9574

Published: May 31, 2023

Eating disorders are multifactorial that involve maladaptive feeding behaviors. Binge eating disorder (BED), the most prevalent of these in both men and women, is characterized by recurrent episodes large amounts food a short period time, with subjective loss control over behavior. BED modulates brain reward circuit humans animal models, which involves dynamic regulation dopamine circuitry. The endocannabinoid system plays major role intake, centrally periphery. Pharmacological approaches together research using genetically modified animals have strongly highlighted predominant behaviors, specific modulation addictive-like purpose present review to summarize our current knowledge on neurobiology models highlight development maintenance BED. A proposed model for better understanding underlying mechanisms involving discussed. Future will be necessary develop more treatment strategies reduce symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Internet-Based Psycho-Physical Exercise Intervention Program in Mild-to-Moderate Depression: The Study Protocol of the SONRIE Randomized Controlled Trial

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 540 - 540

Published: April 1, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified depression due to isolation and reduced physical activity, highlighting the need for accessible remote treatments. SONRIE study evaluates effectiveness of a 12-week online intervention combining exercise internet-based cognitive–behavioral therapy on depressive symptoms in adults with mild-to-moderate depression. This randomized controlled trial involved 80 aged 25–65 years diagnosed according ICD-10 criteria. Participants were an experimental group receiving combined or control standard care. primary outcome was change severity, assessed by Beck Depression Inventory, outcomes measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, after 8-week follow-up phase. Statistical analyses include analysis covariance compare changes over time, effect sizes quantifying intervention’s impact. demonstrates promising approach treating depression, potential implications clinical practice public health strategies.

Language: Английский

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Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of Novel Peripheral Cannabinoid-1 Receptor Blockers Based on a Tricyclic Scaffold

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

The development of peripherally selective cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) antagonists offers a promising strategy for obesity treatment. Here, we evaluated the efficacy novel tricyclic CB1R antagonists, focusing on BNS808. Our findings demonstrate that BNS808 exhibits robust antagonism with notable CB2R selectivity, minimal brain penetration, and potent in vitro vivo efficacy. compound's high plasma protein binding reduces free drug availability CNS entry, enhancing safety minimizing drug-drug interactions. In diet-induced obese mice, effectively reduced body weight, adiposity, liver triglycerides, enzymes, supporting its mediated action. These results highlight as candidate Additionally, our library provides strong foundation future development. With further refinement, holds significant clinical potential to address global epidemic.

Language: Английский

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Association Between Body Mass Index and Comorbid Anxiety in First‐Episode and Drug Naïve Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Depression and Anxiety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Objective: There is limited evidence regarding the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and anxiety symptoms in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), findings are controversial. This study aimed to explore association BMI patients first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD. Methods: A total of 1718 FEDN MDD were included this study, gathering information on their sociodemographic attributes physical measurements. was classified into three categories (normal, overweight, obese) based standards Working Group Obesity China (WGOC). Logistic regression double robust estimation used assess BMI. Additionally, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis examine If nonlinear associations existed, threshold effects analyzed using two-piecewise logistic model. The subgroup performed validate robustness findings. Results: Among patients, 12.7% (218) exhibited symptoms. After adjusting for confounding variables, multivariable revealed positive risk experiencing (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.039-1.229, p=0.004). These further confirmed doubly estimation. RCS correlation symptoms, turning point 26.9 kg/m2. On left side inflection point, detected 1.167, 1.055-1.296, p=0.003), while no significant observed right 1.01, 0.685-1.341, p=0.972). Subgroup analyses variations gender education level. Conclusion: demonstrated that higher associated an increased Chinese MDD, particularly among those below

Language: Английский

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Role of CB2 cannabinoid receptor in the development of food addiction in male mice

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 179, P. 106034 - 106034

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in multiple behavioral responses due to its wide distribution the central nervous system. cannabinoid CB1 receptor was associated loss of control over food intake occurring during addiction. CB2 (CB2R) is expressed brain areas canonically with addictive-like behavior and linked drug-addictive properties. In this study, we evaluated for first time specific CB2R addiction by using a well-validated operant mouse model long-term training obtain highly palatable food. We have compared wild-type mice, mutant mice constitutively lacking CB2R, transgenic overexpressing CB2R. lack constitutes protective factor development impulsive depressive-like associated. contrast, overexpression induces vulnerable phenotype toward after exposure chocolate pellets. Relevant transcriptomic changes were resilience vulnerability depending on genotype, which provides mechanistic explanation these changes. Therefore, may constitute potential therapeutic target eating comorbid emotional effects

Language: Английский

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Prenatal tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol exposure produce sex-specific pathophysiological phenotypes in the adolescent prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 106588 - 106588

Published: July 1, 2024

Clinical and preclinical evidence has demonstrated an increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders following prenatal cannabinoid exposure. However, given the phytochemical complexity of cannabis, there is a need to understand how specific components cannabis may contribute these neurodevelopmental risks later in life. To investigate this, rat model exposure was utilized examine impacts constituents (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]; cannabidiol [CBD]) alone combination on future liability male female offspring. Prenatal THC CBD were associated with low birth weight. At adolescence, offspring displayed sex-specific behavioural changes anxiety, temporal order social cognition, sensorimotor gating. These phenotypes sex treatment-specific neuronal gene transcriptional alterations prefrontal cortex, ventral hippocampus, regions where endocannabinoid system implicated affective cognitive development. Electrophysiology RT-qPCR analysis dysregulation balance excitatory inhibitory signalling developmental consequences cannabinoids. findings reveal critical insights into cannabinoids can differentially impact developing fetal brains males females enhance subsequent risk.

Language: Английский

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Serum alkaline phosphatase was independently associated with depression in patients with cerebrovascular disease

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: July 4, 2023

Blood markers have important value in the diagnosis of depressive disorders. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) not only predicts stroke recurrence and poor functional prognosis cerebrovascular disease (CVD) patients but also increases significantly middle-aged women with depression. Thus, it has been reported whether serum ALP is associated development depression and/or vascular (VDe) CVD patients. This was a cross-sectional study 353 (stroke patients, n = 291; cerebral small vessel (CSVD) 62). Baseline demographic information, fasting blood (such as counts, liver function, kidney function lipids), brain CT/MRI scans were collected. divided into non-depression, suspected (SVD), positive (PVD) groups according to their Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) scores. Univariate analysis baseline data, markers, prevalence lesions (> 1.5 cm) performed. Subsequently, diagnostic performance univariate combined variables SVD PVD analyzed using binary logistic regression. The multivariate model VDe by ordinal (1) (p 0.003) hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, p 0.001) concentrations increased HAMD scores increased, atrophy 0.016) basal ganglia parietal 0.001), temporal 0.002), frontal lobes whereas hemoglobin (Hb, 0.003), cholinesterase (ChE, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, 0.005) declined. Among these variables, hs-CRP (r 0.218, < had weak positively association scores, ChE -0.226, negative association. (2) combination Hb, hs-CRP, ChE, ALP, HDL-C improved [AUC 0.775, 95% CI (0.706, 0.844), 0.001]. (3) Hb (OR 0.986, 0.049), 0.999, 0.020), 1.017, 2.197, factors impacting development. After adjusting HDL-C, above mentioned four locations, sex, age CSVD atrophy, [OR 1.016, (1.005, 1.027), 0.004] independently VDe. are potential and, when combined, may improve CVD.

Language: Английский

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