Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Sept. 29, 2023
Exercise-derived
exosomes
have
been
identified
as
novel
players
in
mediating
cell-to-cell
communication
the
beneficial
effects
of
improving
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD).
This
review
aimed
to
systematically
investigate
delivery
tools
for
benefits
exercise
prevention
and
treatment
CVD
summarize
these
outcomes
with
an
overview
their
therapeutic
implications.
Among
1417
articles
obtained
nine
database
searches
(PubMed,
EBSCO,
Embase,
Web
Science,
CENTRAL,
Ovid,
Science
Direct,
Scopus,
Wiley),
12
were
included
based
on
eligibility
criteria.
The
results
indicate
that
increases
release
exosomes,
increasing
exosomal
markers
(TSG101,
CD63,
CD81)
exosome-carried
miRNAs
(miR-125b-5p,
miR-122-5p,
miR-342-5p,
miR-126,
miR-130a,
miR-138-5p,
miR-455).
These
mainly
regulate
expression
MAPK,
NF-kB,
VEGF,
Caspase
protect
system.
Moreover,
outcome
indicators
myocardial
apoptosis
infarction
volume
are
significantly
reduced
following
exercise-induced
exosome
release,
angiogenesis,
microvessel
density
left
ventricular
ejection
fraction
increased,
well
alleviating
fibrosis
release.
Collectively,
further
confirm
exercise-derived
a
role
potentially
preventing
treating
support
use
clinical
settings.
MedComm,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4(3)
Published: June 1, 2023
Exosomes
are
extracellular
vesicles
with
diameters
of
about
100
nm
that
naturally
secreted
by
cells
into
body
fluids.
They
derived
from
endosomes
and
wrapped
in
lipid
membranes.
involved
intracellular
metabolism
intercellular
communication.
contain
nucleic
acids,
proteins,
lipids,
metabolites
the
cell
microenvironment
cytoplasm.
The
contents
exosomes
can
reflect
their
cells'
origin
allow
observation
tissue
changes
states
under
disease
conditions.
Naturally
have
specific
biomolecules
act
as
"fingerprint"
parent
cells,
changed
pathological
conditions
be
used
biomarkers
for
diagnosis.
low
immunogenicity,
small
size,
cross
blood-brain
barrier.
These
characteristics
make
unique
engineering
carriers.
incorporate
therapeutic
drugs
achieve
targeted
drug
delivery.
carriers
therapy
still
infancy,
but
exosome
provides
a
new
perspective
cell-free
therapy.
This
review
discussed
relationship
occurrence
treatment
some
neuropsychiatric
diseases.
In
addition,
future
applications
diagnosis
disorders
were
evaluated
this
review.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Jan. 20, 2023
Electroacupuncture
(EA)
and
induced
pluripotent
stem
cell
(iPSC)-derived
small
extracellular
vesicles
(iPSC-EVs)
have
substantial
beneficial
effects
on
ischemic
stroke.
However,
the
detailed
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
Here,
we
explored
underlying
regulation
of
EA
iPSC-EVs
in
microbiome-gut-brain
axis
(MGBA)
after
Ischemic
stroke
mice
(C57BL/6)
were
subjected
to
middle
cerebral
artery
occlusion
(MCAO)
or
Sham
surgery.
treatments
significantly
improved
neurological
function
neuronal
intestinal
tract
injury,
downregulated
levels
IL-17
expression
upregulated
IL-10
brain
colon
tissue
ischemia−reperfusion.
also
modulated
microbiota
composition
diversity
as
well
differential
distribution
species
intestines
Our
results
demonstrated
that
regulated
immunity
through
MGBA
microbes,
reducing
damage
following
ischemia
positively
impacting
outcomes
findings
provide
new
insights
into
application
combined
with
a
treatment
for
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(12), P. 4598 - 4621
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Over
the
past
ten
years,
significant
advancements
have
been
made
in
exploring
plant-derived
exosome-like
nanoparticles
(PELNs)
for
disease
therapeutics
and
drug
delivery.
PELNs,
as
inherent
nanoscale
particles
comprised
of
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids,
secondary
metabolites,
exhibit
capacity
cellular
uptake
by
human
cells.
This
intercellular
interaction
transcends
biological
boundaries,
effectively
influencing
functions
animals.
PELNs
outstanding
biocompatibility,
low
immunogenicity,
enhanced
safety,
environmentally
friendly
sustainability.
article
summarized
preparation
methods
characteristics
PELNs.
It
provided
a
systematic
review
varied
roles
derived
from
fruits,
vegetables,
herbs
The
challenges
their
production
application
were
discussed,
future
prospects
this
rapidly
evolving
field
explored.
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
21(2), P. 842 - 859
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Bone
marrow
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(BMSCs)
-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
especially
small
EVs
(sEVs),
were
vastly
reported
to
enable
multiple
restorative
effects
on
ischemic
stroke,
yet
the
protective
mechanism
of
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
has
not
been
fully
illustrated.In
present
study,
we
investigated
therapeutic
and
BMSCs-derived
sEVs
BBB
injury
after
stroke.In-vivo,
administering
transient
middle
cerebral
artery
occlusion
(tMCAo)
mice
mitigated
brain
infarct
volume,
permeability
neural
apoptosis,
improved
blood
flow
perfusion
neurological
function.Simultaneously,
vascular
endothelial
overexpressed
Caveolin-1
(Cav-1)
together
with
its
strong
co-localization
autophagosome
protein
LC3B
suppressed,
ZO-1
Occludin
expressions
enhanced,
whose
results
consistent
those
oxygen-glucose-deprivation/reperfusion
(OGD/R)-insulted
(BECs)
in
vitro.Furthermore,
by
employing
Cav-1
siRNA
pcDNA3.1
transfection,
Co-immunoprecipitation,
cycloheximide
assay,
molecular
docking,
it
proved
that
was
an
essential
upstream
autophagy
activation,
contributing
tight-junction
proteins
delegation
via
autophagy-lysosomal
pathway.Altogether,
our
study
demonstrates
novel
Cav-1-dependent
autophagic
disruption
integrity
BMSC-sEVs
treatment
can
reverse
such
hazard
cascades.
Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(1), P. 91 - 110
Published: Jan. 2, 2024
Using
engineered
exosomes
produced
from
stem
cells
is
an
experimental
therapeutic
approach
for
treating
brain
diseases.
According
to
reports,
preclinical
research
has
demonstrated
notable
neurogenesis
and
angiogenesis
effects
using
modified
cell-derived
exosomes.
These
biological
nanoparticles
have
a
variety
of
anti-apoptotic,
anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant
properties
that
make
them
very
promising
nervous
system
disorders.
Neural Regeneration Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(2), P. 518 - 532
Published: April 16, 2024
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00029/figure1/v/2024-05-28T214302Z/r/image-tiff
Cerebral
edema
caused
by
blood-brain
barrier
injury
after
intracerebral
hemorrhage
is
an
important
factor
leading
to
poor
prognosis.
Human-induced
pluripotent
stem
cell-derived
neural
cell
exosomes
(hiPSC-NSC-Exos)
have
shown
potential
for
brain
repair
in
central
nervous
system
diseases.
In
this
study,
we
explored
the
impact
of
hiPSC-NSC-Exos
on
preservation
and
underlying
mechanism.
Our
results
indicated
that
intranasal
delivery
mitigated
neurological
deficits,
enhanced
integrity,
reduced
leukocyte
infiltration
a
mouse
model
hemorrhage.
Additionally,
decreased
immune
infiltration,
activated
astrocytes,
secretion
inflammatory
cytokines
like
monocyte
chemoattractant
protein-1,
macrophage
protein-1α,
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
post-intracerebral
hemorrhage,
thereby
improving
microenvironment.
RNA
sequencing
hiPSC-NSC-Exo
PI3K/AKT
signaling
pathway
astrocytes
protein-1
secretion,
integrity.
Treatment
with
inhibitor
LY294002
or
neutralizing
agent
C1142
abolished
these
effects.
summary,
our
findings
suggest
maintains
part
downregulating
through
activation
astrocytes.
Cell Biochemistry and Function,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
42(2)
Published: March 1, 2024
Abstract
Cerebral
ischemic
damage
is
prevalent
and
the
second
highest
cause
of
death
globally
across
patient
populations;
it
as
a
substantial
reason
morbidity
mortality.
Mesenchymal
stromal
cells
(MSCs)
have
garnered
significant
interest
potential
treatment
for
cerebral
damage,
shown
in
stroke,
because
their
potent
intrinsic
features,
which
include
self‐regeneration,
immunomodulation,
multi‐potency.
Additionally,
MSCs
are
easily
obtained,
isolated,
cultured.
Despite
this,
there
number
obstacles
that
hinder
effectiveness
MSC‐based
treatment,
such
adverse
microenvironmental
conditions
both
vivo
vitro.
To
overcome
these
obstacles,
naïve
MSC
has
undergone
modification
processes
to
enhance
its
innate
therapeutic
qualities.
Genetic
preconditioning
(with
medications,
growth
factors,
other
substances)
two
main
categories
into
techniques
can
be
separated.
This
field
advanced
significantly
still
attracting
attention
innovation.
We
examine
cutting‐edge
methods
preserving
even
improving
natural
biological
functions
relation
adhesion,
migration,
homing
target
site,
survival,
delayed
premature
senescence.
address
use
genetically
altered
stroke‐induced
damage.
Future
strategies
result
addressing
difficulties
associated
with
also
discussed.
