Health and Ecology Issues,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
21(4), P. 37 - 44
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Objective
.
To
determine
and
establish
the
unity
of
some
indices
antioxidant
status
before
treatment
patients
with
liver
cirrhosis
acute
blood
loss.
Materials
methods
The
present
study
included
267
loss
varying
severity,
as
well
20
practically
healthy
volunteers.
On
day
admission
to
hospital,
for
key
indicators
system:
nitrate
(NO
3
-
)
nitrite
ions
2
),
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD),
catalase
(Cat)
glutathione
reductase
(GR)
was
collected
from
treatment.
Results
Depending
on
severity
loss,
showed
a
decrease
in
concentration
NO
,
SOD,
Cat,
increase
GR,
which
is
redox
adaptation,
indicates
development
oxidative
stress
its
manifestations:
multiorgan
failure
syndrome.
Conclusion
Interpretation
formative
well-being
criteria:
Cat
GR
indicator
complex
assessment
extent
pathophysiological
reactions
initiation
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 15 - 34
Published: Oct. 16, 2024
Neuroprotection
is
a
proactive
approach
to
safeguarding
the
nervous
system,
including
brain,
spinal
cord,
and
peripheral
nerves,
by
preventing
or
limiting
damage
nerve
cells
other
components.
It
primarily
defends
central
system
against
injury
from
acute
progressive
neurodegenerative
disorders.
Oxidative
stress,
an
imbalance
between
body's
natural
defense
mechanisms
generation
of
reactive
oxygen
species,
crucial
in
developing
neurological
Due
its
high
metabolic
rate
consumption,
brain
particularly
vulnerable
oxidative
stress.
Excessive
ROS
damages
essential
biomolecules,
leading
cellular
malfunction
neurodegeneration.
Several
disorders,
Alzheimer's,
Parkinson's,
Amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
multiple
ischemic
stroke,
are
associated
with
Understanding
impact
stress
these
conditions
for
new
treatment
methods.
Researchers
exploring
using
antioxidants
molecules
mitigate
aiming
prevent
slow
down
progression
diseases.
By
understanding
intricate
interplay
scientists
hope
pave
way
innovative
therapeutic
preventive
approaches,
ultimately
improving
individuals'
living
standards.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 602 - 602
Published: May 14, 2024
Reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
are
highly
reactive
derivatives
that
include
free
radicals
such
as
superoxide
anion
radical
(O2•−)
and
hydroxyl
(HO•),
well
non-radical
molecules
hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2),
peroxynitrite
(ONOO−),
hypochlorous
acid
(HOCl)
[...]
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(7), P. 3995 - 3995
Published: April 3, 2024
Neurodegenerative
disorders
(NDs)
have
become
increasingly
common
during
the
past
three
decades.
Approximately
15%
of
total
population
world
is
affected
by
some
form
NDs,
resulting
in
physical
and
cognitive
disability.
The
most
NDs
include
Alzheimer’s
disease,
Parkinson’s
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
Huntington’s
disease.
Although
are
caused
a
complex
interaction
genetic,
environmental,
lifestyle
variables,
neuroinflammation
known
to
be
associated
with
all
often
leading
permanent
damage
neurons
central
nervous
system.
Furthermore,
numerous
emerging
pieces
evidence
demonstrated
that
inflammation
not
only
supports
progression
but
can
also
serve
as
an
initiator.
Hence,
various
medicines
capable
preventing
or
reducing
been
investigated
ND
treatments.
While
anti-inflammatory
medicine
has
shown
promising
benefits
several
preclinical
models,
clinical
outcomes
questionable.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
their
current
treatment
strategies,
role
pathophysiology
use
agents
potential
therapeutic
option.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(10), P. 5122 - 5122
Published: May 8, 2024
While
primarily
produced
in
the
pineal
gland,
melatonin's
influence
goes
beyond
its
well-known
role
regulating
sleep,
nighttime
metabolism,
and
circadian
rhythms,
field
of
chronobiology.
A
plethora
new
data
demonstrates
melatonin
to
be
a
very
powerful
molecule,
being
potent
ROS/RNS
scavenger
with
anti-inflammatory,
immunoregulatory,
oncostatic
properties.
Melatonin
metabolites
exert
multiple
beneficial
effects
cutaneous
systemic
aging.
This
review
is
focused
on
neuroprotective
during
has
an
anti-aging
capacity,
retarding
rate
healthy
brain
aging
development
age-related
neurodegenerative
diseases,
such
as
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
Huntington's
sclerosis,
amyotrophic
lateral
etc.
Melatonin,
well
metabolites,
N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine
(AFMK)
N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine
(AMK),
can
reduce
oxidative
damage
by
shielding
mitochondria
from
dysfunction
process.
could
also
implicated
treatment
conditions,
modifying
their
characteristic
low-grade
neuroinflammation.
It
either
prevent
initiation
inflammatory
responses
or
attenuate
ongoing
inflammation.
Drawing
current
knowledge,
this
discusses
potential
benefits
supplementation
preventing
managing
cognitive
impairment
diseases.
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Jan. 3, 2025
Oxidative
stress
and
neuroinflammation
are
recognized
as
key
factors
in
the
development
of
neurodegenerative
diseases,
yet
effective
interventions
biomarkers
to
address
oxidative
these
conditions
limited.
Uric
acid
(UA),
traditionally
associated
with
gout,
is
now
gaining
prominence
a
potential
target
diseases.
Soluble
UA
stands
out
one
most
vital
antioxidant
compounds
produced
by
human
body,
accounting
for
up
55%
extracellular
capacity
neutralize
free
radicals.
While
there
increasing
evidence
supporting
neuroprotective
properties
Parkinson's
disease
Alzheimer's
disease,
gaps
knowledge
still
exist
regarding
underlying
mechanisms
how
effectively
translate
benefits
into
clinical
practice.
Moreover,
current
elevation
therapy
exhibits
unstable
properties,
individual
variability,
even
adverse
effects,
limiting
its
applications.
This
review
consolidates
recent
advancements
understanding
exerts
effects
on
diseases
emphasizes
dual
roles
managing
neuroinflammation.
Additionally,
elucidates
through
which
confers
neuroprotection.
Based
this,
underscores
significance
biomarker
aims
provide
comprehensive
therapeutic
target,
while
also
addressing
possible
challenges
implementation.
Journal of the American Nutrition Association,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
43(1), P. 20 - 32
Published: May 15, 2023
Neurodegenerative
diseases
are
a
serious
problem
throughout
the
world.
There
several
causes
of
neurodegenerative
diseases;
these
include
genetic
predisposition,
accumulation
misfolded
proteins,
oxidative
stress,
neuroinflammation,
and
excitotoxicity.
Oxidative
stress
increases
production
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
that
advance
lipid
peroxidation,
DNA
damage,
neuroinflammation.
The
cellular
antioxidant
system
(superoxide
dismutase,
catalase,
peroxidase,
reduced
glutathione)
plays
crucial
role
in
scavenging
free
radicals.
An
imbalance
defensive
actions
antioxidants
overproduction
ROS
intensify
neurodegeneration.
formation
glutamate
toxicity,
cytokine
promote
pathogenesis
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
Huntington's
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis.
Antioxidants
now
attractive
molecules
to
fight
against
Certain
vitamins
(A,
E,
C)
polyphenolic
compounds
(flavonoids)
show
excellent
properties.
Diet
is
major
source
antioxidants.
However,
diet
medicinal
herbs
also
rich
sources
numerous
flavonoids.
prevent
ROS-mediated
neuronal
degeneration
post-oxidative
conditions.
present
review
focused
on
protective
KEY
TEACHING
POINTSThis
shows
multiple
factors
directly
or
indirectly
associated
with
diseases.Failure
capacity
intensifies
neuroinflammation
disease
progression.Different
vitamins,
carotenoids,
flavonoids,
having
capacity,
can
be
considered
agents.
Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(9), P. 719 - 719
Published: Sept. 12, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs),
like
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS),
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
and
Parkinson's
(PD),
primarily
affect
the
central
nervous
system,
leading
to
progressive
neuronal
loss
motor
cognitive
dysfunction.
However,
recent
studies
have
revealed
that
muscle
tissue
also
plays
a
significant
role
in
these
diseases.
ALS
is
characterized
by
severe
wasting
as
result
of
neuron
degeneration,
well
alterations
gene
expression,
protein
aggregation,
oxidative
stress.
Muscle
atrophy
mitochondrial
dysfunction
are
observed
AD,
which
may
exacerbate
decline
due
systemic
metabolic
dysregulation.
PD
patients
exhibit
fiber
atrophy,
altered
composition,
α-synuclein
aggregation
within
cells,
contributing
symptoms
progression.
Systemic
inflammation
impaired
degradation
pathways
common
among
disorders,
highlighting
key
player
Understanding
muscle-related
changes
offers
potential
therapeutic
avenues,
such
targeting
function,
reducing
inflammation,
promoting
regeneration
with
exercise
pharmacological
interventions.
This
review
emphasizes
importance
considering
an
integrative
approach
neurodegenerative
research,
both
peripheral
pathological
mechanisms,
order
develop
more
effective
treatments
improve
patient
outcomes.
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
39(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Neurodegenerative
diseases
are
significant
health
concerns
that
have
a
profound
impact
on
the
quality
and
duration
of
life
for
millions
individuals.
These
characterized
by
pathological
changes
in
various
brain
regions,
specific
genetic
mutations
associated
with
disease,
deposits
abnormal
proteins,
degeneration
neurological
cells.
As
neurodegenerative
disorders
vary
their
epidemiological
characteristics
vulnerability
neurons,
treatment
these
is
usually
aimed
at
slowing
disease
progression.
The
heterogeneity
environmental
factors
involved
process
neurodegeneration
makes
current
methods
inadequate.
However,
existence
common
molecular
mechanisms
pathogenesis
may
allow
development
new
targeted
therapeutic
strategies.
Oxidative
nitrosative
stress
damages
membrane
components
accumulating
ROS
RNS
disrupting
redox
balance.
This
results
induction
apoptosis,
which
important
through
oxidative
stress.
Studies
conducted
using
postmortem
human
samples,
animal
models,
cell
cultures
demonstrated
stress,
apoptosis
crucial
such
as
Alzheimer's,
Parkinson's,
Multiple
Sclerosis,
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
Huntington's
disease.
excessive
production
reactive
oxygen
nitrogen
species,
elevated
levels
free
radicals,
heightened
mitochondrial
disturbances
energy
metabolism,
oxidation
nitrosylation
cellular
macromolecules
recognized
triggers
neuronal
death.
Challenges
managing
treating
require
better
understanding
this
field
level.
Therefore,
review
elaborates
apoptosis.
